From 7b7a4b73ff279bf6b4afd957b4c14bb567e00ebc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Christine Dodrill Date: Fri, 15 May 2020 17:19:50 -0400 Subject: [PATCH] reconlangmo 4: Noun and Verb Morphology (#147) --- ...mo-2-phonology-writing-2020-05-08.markdown | 1 + ...reconlangmo-3-typology-2020-05-11.markdown | 1 + ...un-and-verb-morphology-05-15-2020.markdown | 116 ++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 118 insertions(+) create mode 100644 blog/reconlangmo-4-noun-and-verb-morphology-05-15-2020.markdown diff --git a/blog/reconlangmo-2-phonology-writing-2020-05-08.markdown b/blog/reconlangmo-2-phonology-writing-2020-05-08.markdown index 72f5d25..75b61c1 100644 --- a/blog/reconlangmo-2-phonology-writing-2020-05-08.markdown +++ b/blog/reconlangmo-2-phonology-writing-2020-05-08.markdown @@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ Particles will mostly fall into the following forms: - VV (/ai/) - CV (/ba/) - CVV (/bai/) +- CV'V (/baʔ.i) Proper names _should_ end with consonants, but there is no hard requirement. diff --git a/blog/reconlangmo-3-typology-2020-05-11.markdown b/blog/reconlangmo-3-typology-2020-05-11.markdown index 5ce867e..470057f 100644 --- a/blog/reconlangmo-3-typology-2020-05-11.markdown +++ b/blog/reconlangmo-3-typology-2020-05-11.markdown @@ -147,6 +147,7 @@ words, I guess. The entire vocabulary of the language can now be listed below: | L'ewa word | IPA | English | | ---------- | --- | ------- | | lo | /lo/ | a, an, indefinite article | +| le | /lɛ/ | the, definite article | | ka | /ka/ | subject marker | | ke | /kɛ/ | verb marker | | ku | /ku/ | object marker | diff --git a/blog/reconlangmo-4-noun-and-verb-morphology-05-15-2020.markdown b/blog/reconlangmo-4-noun-and-verb-morphology-05-15-2020.markdown new file mode 100644 index 0000000..081cca9 --- /dev/null +++ b/blog/reconlangmo-4-noun-and-verb-morphology-05-15-2020.markdown @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ +--- +title: "ReConLangMo 4: Noun and Verb Morphology" +date: 2020-05-15 +series: reconlangmo +tags: + - conlang + - lewa +--- + +# ReConLangMo 4: Noun and Verb Morphology + +Last time on [ReConLangMo][reconlangmoseries] I covered word order and some of +the finer points about how sentences work. This time we are covering how nouns +and verbs get modified (some languages call this conjugation or declension). +This is a response to [this prompt][rclm4]. + +[reconlangmoseries]: /blog/series/reconlangmo +[rclm4]: https://www.reddit.com/r/conlangs/comments/gjvczy/reconlangmo_4_noun_and_verb_morphology/ + +## Other Noun Things + +At a high level, noun-phrases can be marked for direct ownership or number. The +general pattern is like this: + +``` +
[pronoun] [negation] [number] +``` + +## Pronouns + +Here's some of the pronouns: + +| English | L'ewa | +| --------------------- | ----- | +| me, I | mi | +| My system and I | mi'a | +| you | ro | +| we (all-inclusive) | mi'o | +| your system and you | ro'a | +| This (near me) | ti | +| That (near you) | ta | +| That (far away) | tu | + +## Numbers + +Numbers are in [base six][seximal]. Here are a few numerals: + +[seximal]: https://www.seximal.net/ + +| Decimal | Seximal | L'ewa | +| ------- | ------- | ----- | +| 0 | 0 | zo | +| 1 | 1 | ja | +| 2 | 2 | he | +| 3 | 3 | xu | +| 4 | 4 | ho | +| 5 | 5 | qi | +| 6 | 10 | jazo | +| 36 | 100 | gau | + +Here are few non-numerals-but-technically-still-numbers-I-guess: + +| English | L'ewa | +| --------------- | ----- | +| all | to | +| some | ra'o | +| number-question | so | + +## Negation + +As L'ewa is more of a logical language, it has several forms of negation. Here +are a few: + +| English | L'ewa | +| --------------------- | ----- | +| contradiction | na | +| total scalar negation | na'o | +| particle negation | nai | + +na can be placed before the sentence's verb too: + +``` +ti na spalo +This is something other than an apple +``` + +## Verb Forms + +Verbs have one form in L'ewa. Aspects like tense or the perfective aspect are +marked with particles. Here's a table of the common ones: + +| English | L'ewa | +| ---------- | ----- | +| past tense | qu | +| present tense | qa | +| future tense | qi | +| perfective aspect | qe | + +## Modality + +Modality is going to be expressed with emotion words. These words have not been +assigned yet, but their grammar will be a lot looser than the normal L'ewa +particle grammar. They will allow any two vowels in any combination that might +otherwise make them not "legal" for particles. + +- VV (ii) +- V'V (i'i) + +## Explicitly Ending Noun Phrases + +In case it is otherwise confusing, ko can be used to end noun phrases grammatically. + +--- + +I will probably be fleshing this out some more, but for now this is how all of +this works.