diff --git a/book/src/03_nouns_verbs/index.md b/book/src/03_nouns_verbs/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9a9f160 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/src/03_nouns_verbs/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ +# Fun with Nouns and Verbs + +## Other Noun Things + +At a high level, noun-phrases can be marked for direct ownership or number. The +general pattern is like this: + +``` +
[pronoun] [negation] [number] +``` + +## Pronouns + +Here's some of the pronouns: + +| English | L'ewa | +| --------------------- | ----- | +| me, I | mi | +| My system and I | mi'a | +| you | ro | +| we (all-inclusive) | mi'o | +| your system and you | ro'a | +| This (near me) | ti | +| That (near you) | ta | +| That (far away) | tu | + +## Numbers + +Numbers are in [base six][seximal]. Here are a few numerals: + +[seximal]: https://www.seximal.net/ + +| Decimal | Seximal | L'ewa | +| ------- | ------- | ----- | +| 0 | 0 | zo | +| 1 | 1 | ja | +| 2 | 2 | he | +| 3 | 3 | xu | +| 4 | 4 | ho | +| 5 | 5 | qi | +| 6 | 10 | jazo | +| 36 | 100 | gau | + +Here are few non-numerals-but-technically-still-numbers-I-guess: + +| English | L'ewa | +| --------------- | ----- | +| all | to | +| some | ra'o | +| number-question | so | + +## Negation + +As L'ewa is more of a logical language, it has several forms of negation. Here +are a few: + +| English | L'ewa | +| --------------------- | ----- | +| contradiction | na | +| total scalar negation | na'o | +| particle negation | nai | + +na can be placed before the sentence's verb too: + +``` +ti na spalo +This is something other than an apple +``` + +## Verb Forms + +Verbs have one form in L'ewa. Aspects like tense or the perfective aspect are +marked with particles. Here's a table of the common ones: + +| English | L'ewa | +| ---------- | ----- | +| past tense | qu | +| present tense | qa | +| future tense | qi | +| perfective aspect | qe | + +## Modality + +Modality is going to be expressed with emotion words. These words have not been +assigned yet, but their grammar will be a lot looser than the normal L'ewa +particle grammar. They will allow any two vowels in any combination that might +otherwise make them not "legal" for particles. + +- VV (ii) +- V'V (i'i) + +## Explicitly Ending Noun Phrases + +In case it is otherwise confusing, ko can be used to end noun phrases grammatically. diff --git a/book/src/SUMMARY.md b/book/src/SUMMARY.md index d235553..f71c3b4 100644 --- a/book/src/SUMMARY.md +++ b/book/src/SUMMARY.md @@ -8,3 +8,4 @@ - [Morphosyntactic Typology](./02_typology/index.md) - [Word Order](./02_typology/word_order.md) - [Morphological Typology](./02_typology/typology.md) +- [Fun with Nouns and Verbs](./03_nouns_verbs/index.md) diff --git a/book/src/build.sh b/book/src/build.sh index 2cf4f58..e285cae 100755 --- a/book/src/build.sh +++ b/book/src/build.sh @@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ intro/index.md 02_typology/index.md 02_typology/word_order.md 02_typology/typology.md + +03_nouns_verbs/index.md ' set -x