num-traits/src/pow.rs

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use core::num::Wrapping;
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use core::ops::Mul;
use {CheckedMul, One};
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/// Binary operator for raising a value to a power.
pub trait Pow<RHS> {
/// The result after applying the operator.
type Output;
/// Returns `self` to the power `rhs`.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use num_traits::Pow;
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/// assert_eq!(Pow::pow(10u32, 2u32), 100);
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/// ```
fn pow(self, rhs: RHS) -> Self::Output;
}
macro_rules! pow_impl {
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($t:ty) => {
pow_impl!($t, u8);
pow_impl!($t, usize);
// FIXME: these should be possible
// pow_impl!($t, u16);
// pow_impl!($t, u32);
// pow_impl!($t, u64);
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};
($t:ty, $rhs:ty) => {
pow_impl!($t, $rhs, usize, pow);
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};
($t:ty, $rhs:ty, $desired_rhs:ty, $method:expr) => {
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impl Pow<$rhs> for $t {
type Output = $t;
#[inline]
fn pow(self, rhs: $rhs) -> $t {
($method)(self, <$desired_rhs>::from(rhs))
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}
}
impl<'a> Pow<&'a $rhs> for $t {
type Output = $t;
#[inline]
fn pow(self, rhs: &'a $rhs) -> $t {
($method)(self, <$desired_rhs>::from(*rhs))
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}
}
impl<'a> Pow<$rhs> for &'a $t {
type Output = $t;
#[inline]
fn pow(self, rhs: $rhs) -> $t {
($method)(*self, <$desired_rhs>::from(rhs))
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}
}
impl<'a, 'b> Pow<&'a $rhs> for &'b $t {
type Output = $t;
#[inline]
fn pow(self, rhs: &'a $rhs) -> $t {
($method)(*self, <$desired_rhs>::from(*rhs))
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}
}
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};
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}
pow_impl!(u8, u8, u32, u8::pow);
pow_impl!(u8, u16, u32, u8::pow);
pow_impl!(u8, u32, u32, u8::pow);
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pow_impl!(u8, usize);
pow_impl!(i8, u8, u32, i8::pow);
pow_impl!(i8, u16, u32, i8::pow);
pow_impl!(i8, u32, u32, i8::pow);
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pow_impl!(i8, usize);
pow_impl!(u16, u8, u32, u16::pow);
pow_impl!(u16, u16, u32, u16::pow);
pow_impl!(u16, u32, u32, u16::pow);
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pow_impl!(u16, usize);
pow_impl!(i16, u8, u32, i16::pow);
pow_impl!(i16, u16, u32, i16::pow);
pow_impl!(i16, u32, u32, i16::pow);
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pow_impl!(i16, usize);
pow_impl!(u32, u8, u32, u32::pow);
pow_impl!(u32, u16, u32, u32::pow);
pow_impl!(u32, u32, u32, u32::pow);
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pow_impl!(u32, usize);
pow_impl!(i32, u8, u32, i32::pow);
pow_impl!(i32, u16, u32, i32::pow);
pow_impl!(i32, u32, u32, i32::pow);
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pow_impl!(i32, usize);
pow_impl!(u64, u8, u32, u64::pow);
pow_impl!(u64, u16, u32, u64::pow);
pow_impl!(u64, u32, u32, u64::pow);
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pow_impl!(u64, usize);
pow_impl!(i64, u8, u32, i64::pow);
pow_impl!(i64, u16, u32, i64::pow);
pow_impl!(i64, u32, u32, i64::pow);
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pow_impl!(i64, usize);
#[cfg(has_i128)]
pow_impl!(u128, u8, u32, u128::pow);
#[cfg(has_i128)]
pow_impl!(u128, u16, u32, u128::pow);
#[cfg(has_i128)]
pow_impl!(u128, u32, u32, u128::pow);
#[cfg(has_i128)]
pow_impl!(u128, usize);
#[cfg(has_i128)]
pow_impl!(i128, u8, u32, i128::pow);
#[cfg(has_i128)]
pow_impl!(i128, u16, u32, i128::pow);
#[cfg(has_i128)]
pow_impl!(i128, u32, u32, i128::pow);
#[cfg(has_i128)]
pow_impl!(i128, usize);
pow_impl!(usize, u8, u32, usize::pow);
pow_impl!(usize, u16, u32, usize::pow);
pow_impl!(usize, u32, u32, usize::pow);
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pow_impl!(usize, usize);
pow_impl!(isize, u8, u32, isize::pow);
pow_impl!(isize, u16, u32, isize::pow);
pow_impl!(isize, u32, u32, isize::pow);
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pow_impl!(isize, usize);
pow_impl!(Wrapping<u8>);
pow_impl!(Wrapping<i8>);
pow_impl!(Wrapping<u16>);
pow_impl!(Wrapping<i16>);
pow_impl!(Wrapping<u32>);
pow_impl!(Wrapping<i32>);
pow_impl!(Wrapping<u64>);
pow_impl!(Wrapping<i64>);
#[cfg(has_i128)]
pow_impl!(Wrapping<u128>);
#[cfg(has_i128)]
pow_impl!(Wrapping<i128>);
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pow_impl!(Wrapping<usize>);
pow_impl!(Wrapping<isize>);
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// FIXME: these should be possible
// pow_impl!(u8, u64);
// pow_impl!(i16, u64);
// pow_impl!(i8, u64);
// pow_impl!(u16, u64);
// pow_impl!(u32, u64);
// pow_impl!(i32, u64);
// pow_impl!(u64, u64);
// pow_impl!(i64, u64);
// pow_impl!(usize, u64);
// pow_impl!(isize, u64);
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#[cfg(feature = "std")]
mod float_impls {
use super::Pow;
pow_impl!(f32, i8, i32, f32::powi);
pow_impl!(f32, u8, i32, f32::powi);
pow_impl!(f32, i16, i32, f32::powi);
pow_impl!(f32, u16, i32, f32::powi);
pow_impl!(f32, i32, i32, f32::powi);
pow_impl!(f64, i8, i32, f64::powi);
pow_impl!(f64, u8, i32, f64::powi);
pow_impl!(f64, i16, i32, f64::powi);
pow_impl!(f64, u16, i32, f64::powi);
pow_impl!(f64, i32, i32, f64::powi);
pow_impl!(f32, f32, f32, f32::powf);
pow_impl!(f64, f32, f64, f64::powf);
pow_impl!(f64, f64, f64, f64::powf);
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}
/// Raises a value to the power of exp, using exponentiation by squaring.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```rust
/// use num_traits::pow;
///
/// assert_eq!(pow(2i8, 4), 16);
/// assert_eq!(pow(6u8, 3), 216);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn pow<T: Clone + One + Mul<T, Output = T>>(mut base: T, mut exp: usize) -> T {
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if exp == 0 {
return T::one();
}
while exp & 1 == 0 {
base = base.clone() * base;
exp >>= 1;
}
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if exp == 1 {
return base;
}
let mut acc = base.clone();
while exp > 1 {
exp >>= 1;
base = base.clone() * base;
if exp & 1 == 1 {
acc = acc * base.clone();
}
}
acc
}
/// Raises a value to the power of exp, returning `None` if an overflow occurred.
///
/// Otherwise same as the `pow` function.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```rust
/// use num_traits::checked_pow;
///
/// assert_eq!(checked_pow(2i8, 4), Some(16));
/// assert_eq!(checked_pow(7i8, 8), None);
/// assert_eq!(checked_pow(7u32, 8), Some(5_764_801));
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn checked_pow<T: Clone + One + CheckedMul>(mut base: T, mut exp: usize) -> Option<T> {
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if exp == 0 {
return Some(T::one());
}
macro_rules! optry {
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($expr:expr) => {
if let Some(val) = $expr {
val
} else {
return None;
}
};
}
while exp & 1 == 0 {
base = optry!(base.checked_mul(&base));
exp >>= 1;
}
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if exp == 1 {
return Some(base);
}
let mut acc = base.clone();
while exp > 1 {
exp >>= 1;
base = optry!(base.checked_mul(&base));
if exp & 1 == 1 {
acc = optry!(acc.checked_mul(&base));
}
}
Some(acc)
}