num-traits/src/pow.rs

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use core::ops::Mul;
use {One, CheckedMul};
/// Raises a value to the power of exp, using exponentiation by squaring.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```rust
/// use num_traits::pow;
///
/// assert_eq!(pow(2i8, 4), 16);
/// assert_eq!(pow(6u8, 3), 216);
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn pow<T: Clone + One + Mul<T, Output = T>>(mut base: T, mut exp: usize) -> T {
if exp == 0 { return T::one() }
while exp & 1 == 0 {
base = base.clone() * base;
exp >>= 1;
}
if exp == 1 { return base }
let mut acc = base.clone();
while exp > 1 {
exp >>= 1;
base = base.clone() * base;
if exp & 1 == 1 {
acc = acc * base.clone();
}
}
acc
}
/// Raises a value to the power of exp, returning `None` if an overflow occurred.
///
/// Otherwise same as the `pow` function.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```rust
/// use num_traits::checked_pow;
///
/// assert_eq!(checked_pow(2i8, 4), Some(16));
/// assert_eq!(checked_pow(7i8, 8), None);
/// assert_eq!(checked_pow(7u32, 8), Some(5_764_801));
/// ```
#[inline]
pub fn checked_pow<T: Clone + One + CheckedMul>(mut base: T, mut exp: usize) -> Option<T> {
if exp == 0 { return Some(T::one()) }
macro_rules! optry {
( $ expr : expr ) => {
if let Some(val) = $expr { val } else { return None }
}
}
while exp & 1 == 0 {
base = optry!(base.checked_mul(&base));
exp >>= 1;
}
if exp == 1 { return Some(base) }
let mut acc = base.clone();
while exp > 1 {
exp >>= 1;
base = optry!(base.checked_mul(&base));
if exp & 1 == 1 {
acc = optry!(acc.checked_mul(&base));
}
}
Some(acc)
}