Use Tokio 1 (#306)

* upgrade all the things

Signed-off-by: Christine Dodrill <me@christine.website>

* build(deps): bump serde from 1.0.118 to 1.0.120

Bumps [serde](https://github.com/serde-rs/serde) from 1.0.118 to 1.0.120.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/serde-rs/serde/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/serde-rs/serde/compare/v1.0.118...v1.0.120)

Signed-off-by: dependabot-preview[bot] <support@dependabot.com>

* fix

Signed-off-by: Christine Dodrill <me@christine.website>

Co-authored-by: dependabot-preview[bot] <27856297+dependabot-preview[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

.gitattributes

@@ -1,2 +1 @@
-nix/deps.nix linguist-vendored
 nix/sources.nix linguist-vendored

.github/workflows/go.yml

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-name: Go
-on: [push]
-jobs:
-  build:
-    name: Build
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - name: Set up Go 1.14
-      uses: actions/setup-go@v1
-      with:
-        go-version: 1.14
-      id: go
-    - name: Check out code into the Go module directory
-      uses: actions/checkout@v1
-    - name: Test
-      run: go test -v ./...
-      env:
-        GO111MODULE: on
-        GOPROXY: https://cache.greedo.xeserv.us

.github/workflows/kubernetes-cd.yml

@@ -1,80 +0,0 @@
-name: "CI/CD"
-on: 
-  push:
-    branches:
-    - master
-jobs:
-  deploy:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
-    - name: Build container image
-      run: |
-        docker build -t xena/christinewebsite:$(echo $GITHUB_SHA | head -c7) .
-        echo $DOCKER_PASSWORD | docker login -u $DOCKER_USERNAME --password-stdin
-        docker push xena/christinewebsite
-      env:
-        DOCKER_USERNAME: "xena"
-        DOCKER_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}
-    - name: Download secrets/Install/Configure/Use Dyson
-      run: |
-        mkdir ~/.ssh
-        echo $FILE_DATA | base64 -d > ~/.ssh/id_rsa
-        md5sum ~/.ssh/id_rsa 
-        chmod 600 ~/.ssh/id_rsa
-        git clone git@ssh.tulpa.dev:cadey/within-terraform-secret
-        curl https://xena.greedo.xeserv.us/files/dyson-linux-amd64-0.1.0.tgz | tar xz 
-        cp ./dyson-linux-amd64-0.1.1/dyson .
-        rm -rf dyson-linux-amd64-0.1.1
-        mkdir -p ~/.config/dyson
-        
-        echo '[DigitalOcean]
-        Token = ""
-        
-        [Cloudflare]
-        Email = ""
-        Token = ""
-        
-        [Secrets]
-        GitCheckout = "./within-terraform-secret"' > ~/.config/dyson/dyson.ini
-        
-        ./dyson manifest \
-          --name=christinewebsite \
-          --domain=christine.website \
-          --dockerImage=xena/christinewebsite:$(echo $GITHUB_SHA | head -c7) \
-          --containerPort=5000 \
-          --replicas=2 \
-          --useProdLE=true > $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/deploy.yml
-      env:
-        FILE_DATA: ${{ secrets.SSH_PRIVATE_KEY }}
-        GIT_SSH_COMMAND: "ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no"
-    - name: Save DigitalOcean kubeconfig
-      uses: digitalocean/action-doctl@master
-      env:
-        DIGITALOCEAN_ACCESS_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.DIGITALOCEAN_TOKEN }}
-      with:
-        args: kubernetes cluster kubeconfig show kubermemes > $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/.kubeconfig
-    - name: Deploy to DigitalOcean Kubernetes
-      uses: docker://lachlanevenson/k8s-kubectl
-      with:
-        args: --kubeconfig=/github/workspace/.kubeconfig apply -n apps -f /github/workspace/deploy.yml
-    - name: Verify deployment
-      uses: docker://lachlanevenson/k8s-kubectl
-      with:
-        args: --kubeconfig=/github/workspace/.kubeconfig rollout status -n apps deployment/christinewebsite
-    - name: Ping Google
-      uses: docker://lachlanevenson/k8s-kubectl
-      with:
-        args: --kubeconfig=/github/workspace/.kubeconfig apply -f /github/workspace/k8s/job.yml
-    - name: Sleep
-      run: |
-        sleep 5
-    - name: Don't Ping Google
-      uses: docker://lachlanevenson/k8s-kubectl
-      with:
-        args: --kubeconfig=/github/workspace/.kubeconfig delete -f /github/workspace/k8s/job.yml
-    - name: POSSE
-      env:
-        MI_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.MI_TOKEN }}
-      run: |
-        curl -H "Authorization: $MI_TOKEN" --data "https://christine.website/blog.json" https://mi.within.website/blog/refresh

.github/workflows/nix.yml

@@ -1,16 +1,18 @@
 name: "Nix"
 on:
   push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - main
 jobs:
-  tests:
+  docker-build:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
-    - uses: cachix/install-nix-action@v6
-    - uses: cachix/cachix-action@v3
-      with:
-        name: xe
-    - run: |
-        nix-build docker.nix
-        docker load -i result
-        docker tag xena/christinewebsite:latest xena/christinewebsite:$(echo $GITHUB_SHA | head -c7)
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+      - uses: cachix/install-nix-action@v12
+      - uses: cachix/cachix-action@v7
+        with:
+          name: xe
+      - run: nix build --no-link

.gitignore

@@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ cw.tar
 /result-*
 /result
 .#*
-
+/target

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Changelog
+
+New site features will be documented here.
+
+## 2.1.0
+
+- Blogpost bodies are now present in the RSS feed
+
+## 2.0.1
+
+Custom render RSS/Atom feeds
+
+## 2.0.0
+
+Complete site rewrite in Rust

Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+[package]
+name = "xesite"
+version = "2.2.0"
+authors = ["Christine Dodrill <me@christine.website>"]
+edition = "2018"
+build = "src/build.rs"
+repository = "https://github.com/Xe/site"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]
+color-eyre = "0.5"
+chrono = "0.4"
+comrak = "0.9"
+envy = "0.4"
+glob = "0.3"
+hyper = "0.14"
+kankyo = "0.3"
+lazy_static = "1.4"
+log = "0.4"
+mime = "0.3.0"
+prometheus = { version = "0.11", default-features = false, features = ["process"] }
+rand = "0"
+reqwest = { version = "0.11", features = ["json"] }
+sdnotify = { version = "0.1", default-features = false }
+serde_dhall = "0.9.0"
+serde = { version = "1", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_yaml = "0.8"
+sitemap = "0.4"
+thiserror = "1"
+tokio = { version = "1", features = ["full"] }
+tracing = "0.1"
+tracing-futures = "0.2"
+tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.2", features = ["fmt"] }
+warp = "0.3"
+xml-rs = "0.8"
+url = "2"
+uuid = { version = "0.8", features = ["serde", "v4"] }
+
+# workspace dependencies
+cfcache = { path = "./lib/cfcache" }
+go_vanity = { path = "./lib/go_vanity" }
+jsonfeed = { path = "./lib/jsonfeed" }
+mi = { path = "./lib/mi" }
+patreon = { path = "./lib/patreon" }
+
+[build-dependencies]
+ructe = { version = "0.13", features = ["warp02"] }
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+pfacts = "0"
+serde_json = "1"
+eyre = "0.6"
+pretty_env_logger = "0"
+
+[workspace]
+members = [
+  "./lib/*",
+]

Dockerfile

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-FROM xena/go:1.14 AS build
-ENV GOPROXY https://cache.greedo.xeserv.us
-COPY . /site
-WORKDIR /site
-RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 go test -v ./...
-RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOBIN=/root go install -v ./cmd/site
-
-FROM xena/alpine
-EXPOSE 5000
-WORKDIR /site
-COPY --from=build /root/site .
-COPY ./static /site/static
-COPY ./templates /site/templates
-COPY ./blog /site/blog
-COPY ./talks /site/talks
-COPY ./gallery /site/gallery
-COPY ./css /site/css
-COPY ./signalboost.dhall /site/signalboost.dhall
-HEALTHCHECK CMD wget --spider http://127.0.0.1:5000/.within/health || exit 1
-CMD ./site

LICENSE

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Copyright (c) 2017 Christine Dodrill <me@christine.website>
+Copyright (c) 2017-2021 Christine Dodrill <me@christine.website>
 
 This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
 warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
@@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ freely, subject to the following restrictions:
 2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be
    misrepresented as being the original software.
 
-3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source distribution.
+3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source distribution.

README.md

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 # site
 
-My personal/portfolio website.
+[![built with
+nix](https://builtwithnix.org/badge.svg)](https://builtwithnix.org)
+![Nix](https://github.com/Xe/site/workflows/Nix/badge.svg)
+![Rust](https://github.com/Xe/site/workflows/Rust/badge.svg)
 
-![https://puu.sh/vWnJx/57cda175d8.png](https://puu.sh/vWnJx/57cda175d8.png)
+My personal/portfolio website.

VERSION

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+2.1.0

blog/7e-2020-12-20.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+---
+title: The 7th Edition
+date: 2020-12-19
+tags: 
+ - ttrpg
+---
+
+# The 7th Edition
+
+You know what, fuck rules. Fuck systems. Fuck limitations. Let's dial the
+tabletop RPG system down to its roots. Let's throw out every stat but one:
+Awesomeness. When you try to do something that could fail, roll for Awesomeness.
+If your roll is more than your awesomeness stat, you win. If not, you lose. If
+you are or have something that would benefit you in that situation, roll for
+awesomeness twice and take the higher value.
+
+No stats.<br />
+No counts.<br />
+No limits.<br />
+No gods.<br />
+No masters.<br />
+Just you and me and nature in the battlefield.
+
+* Want to shoot an arrow? Roll for awesomeness. You failed? You're out of ammo.
+* Want to, defeat a goblin but you have a goblin-slaying-broadsword? Roll twice
+  for awesomeness and take the higher value. You got a 20? That goblin was
+  obliterated. Good job.
+* Want to pick up an item into your inventory? Roll for awesomeness. You got it?
+  It's in your inventory.
+
+Etc. Don't think too hard. Let a roll of the dice decide if you are unsure.
+
+## Base Awesomeness Stats
+
+Here are some probably balanced awesomeness base stats depending on what kind of
+dice you are using:
+
+* 6-sided: 4 or 5
+* 8-sided: 5 or 6
+* 10-sided: 6 or 7
+* 12-sided: 7 or 8
+* 20-sided: anywhere from 11-13
+
+## Character Sheet Template
+
+Here's an example character sheet:
+
+```
+Name:
+Awesomeness:
+Race:
+Class:
+Inventory:
+ * 
+```
+
+That's it. You don't even need the race or class if you don't want to have it.
+
+You can add more if you feel it is relevant for your character. If your
+character is a street brat that has experience with haggling, then fuck it be
+the most street brattiest haggler you can. Try to not overload your sheet with
+information, this game is supposed to be simple. A sentence or two at most is
+good.
+
+## One Player is The World
+
+The World is a character that other systems would call the Narrator, the
+Pathfinder, Dungeon Master or similar. Let's strip this down to the core of the
+matter. One player doesn't just dictate the world, they _are_ the world.
+
+The World also controls the monsters and non-player characters. In general, if
+you are in doubt as to who should roll for an event, The World does that roll.
+
+## Mixins/Mods
+
+These are things you can do to make the base game even more tailored to your
+group. Whether you should do this is highly variable to the needs and whims of
+your group in particular.
+
+### Mixin: Adjustable Awesomeness
+
+So, one problem that could come up with this is that bad luck could make this
+not as fun. As a result, add these two rules in:
+
+* Every time you roll above your awesomeness, add 1 to your awesomeness stat
+* Every time you roll below your awesomeness, remove 1 from your awesomeness
+  stat
+
+This should add up so that luck would even out over time. Players that have less
+luck than usual will eventually get their awesomeness evened out so that luck
+will be in their favor.
+
+### Mixin: No Awesomeness
+
+In this mod, rip out Awesomeness altogether. When two parties are at odds, they
+both roll dice. The one that rolls higher gets what they want. If they tie, both
+people get a little part of what they want. For extra fun do this with six-sided
+dice.
+
+* Monster wants to attack a player? The World and that player roll. If the
+  player wins, they can choose to counterattack. If the monster wins, they do a
+  wound or something.
+* One player wants to steal from another? Have them both roll to see what
+  happens.
+
+Use your imagination! Ask others if you are unsure!
+
+## Other Advice
+
+This is not essential but it may help.
+
+### Monster Building
+
+Okay so basically monsters fall into two categories: peons and bosses. Peons
+should be easy to defeat, usually requiring one action. Bosses may require more
+and might require more than pure damage to defeat. Get clever. Maybe require the
+players to drop a chandelier on the boss. Use the environment.
+
+In general, peons should have a very high base awesomeness in order to do things
+they want. Bosses can vary based on your mood.
+
+Adjustable awesomeness should affect monsters too.
+
+### Worldbuilding
+
+Take a setting from somewhere and roll with it. You want to do a cyberpunk jaunt
+in Night City with a sword-wielding warlock, a succubus space marine, a bard
+netrunner and a shapeshifting monk? Do the hell out of that. That sounds
+awesome.
+
+Don't worry about accuracy or the like. You are setting out to have fun.
+
+## Special Thanks
+
+Special thanks goes to Jared, who sent out this [tweet][1] that inspired this
+document. In case the tweet gets deleted, here's what it said:
+
+[1]: https://twitter.com/infinite_mao/status/1340402360259137541
+
+> heres a d&d for you
+
+> you have one stat, its a saving throw. if you need to roll dice, you roll your
+> save.
+
+> you have a class and some equipment and junk. if the thing you need to roll
+> dice for is relevant to your class or equipment or whatever, roll your save
+> with advantage.
+
+> oh your Save is 5 or something. if you do something awesome, raise your save
+> by 1.
+
+> no hp, save vs death. no damage, save vs goblin. no tracking arrows, save vs
+> running out of ammo.
+
+> thanks to @Axes_N_Orcs for this
+
+> What's So Cool About Save vs Death?
+
+> can you carry all that treasure and equipment? save vs gains
+
+I replied:
+
+> Can you get more minimal than this?
+
+He replied:
+
+> when two or more parties are at odds, all roll dice. highest result gets what
+> they want.
+
+> hows that?
+
+This document is really just this twitter exchange in more words so that people
+less familiar with tabletop games can understand it more easily. You know you
+have finished when there is nothing left to remove, not when you can add
+something to "fix" it.
+
+I might put this on my [itch.io page](https://withinstudios.itch.io/).

blog/TLDR-rust-2020-09-19.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,640 @@
+---
+title: "TL;DR Rust"
+date: 2020-09-19
+series: rust
+tags:
+  - go
+  - golang
+---
+
+# TL;DR Rust
+
+Recently I've been starting to use Rust more and more for larger and larger
+projects. As things have come up, I realized that I am missing a good reference
+for common things in Rust as compared to Go. This post contains a quick
+high-level overview of patterns in Rust and how they compare to patterns
+in Go. This will focus on code samples. This is no replacement for the [Rust
+book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/), but should help you get spun up on the
+various patterns used in Rust code.
+
+Also I'm happy to introduce Mara to the blog!
+
+[Hey, happy to be here! I'm Mara, a shark hacker from Christine's imagination. 
+I'll interject with side information, challenge assertions and more! Thanks for
+inviting me!](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+Let's start somewhere simple: functions.
+
+## Making Functions
+
+Functions are defined using `fn` instead of `func`:
+
+```go
+func foo() {}
+```
+
+```rust
+fn foo() {}
+```
+
+### Arguments
+
+Arguments can be passed by separating the name from the type with a colon:
+
+```go
+func foo(bar int) {}
+```
+
+```rust
+fn foo(bar: i32) {}
+```
+
+### Returns
+
+Values can be returned by adding `-> Type` to the function declaration:
+
+```go
+func foo() int {
+  return 2
+}
+```
+
+```rust
+fn foo() -> i32 {
+  return 2;
+}
+```
+
+In Rust values can also be returned on the last statement without the `return`
+keyword or a terminating semicolon:
+
+```rust
+fn foo() -> i32 {
+  2
+}
+```
+
+[Hmm, what if I try to do something like this. Will this
+work?](conversation://Mara/hmm)
+
+```rust
+fn foo() -> i32 {
+    if some_cond {
+        2
+    }
+    
+    4
+}
+```
+
+Let's find out! The compiler spits back an error:
+
+```
+error[E0308]: mismatched types
+ --> src/lib.rs:3:9
+  |
+2 | /     if some_cond {
+3 | |         2
+  | |         ^ expected `()`, found integer
+4 | |     }
+  | |     -- help: consider using a semicolon here
+  | |_____|
+  |       expected this to be `()`
+```
+
+This happens because most basic statements in Rust can return values. The best
+way to fix this would be to move the `4` return into an `else` block:
+
+```rust
+fn foo() -> i32 {
+    if some_cond {
+        2
+    } else {
+        4
+    }
+}
+```
+
+Otherwise, the compiler will think you are trying to use that `if` as a
+statement, such as like this:
+
+```rust
+let val = if some_cond { 2 } else { 4 };
+```
+
+### Functions that can fail
+
+The [Result](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/result/) type represents things that
+can fail with specific errors. The [eyre Result
+type](https://docs.rs/eyre) represents things that can fail
+with any error. For readability, this post will use the eyre Result type. 
+
+[The angle brackets in the `Result` type are arguments to the type, this allows
+the Result type to work across any type you could imagine.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+```go
+import "errors"
+
+func divide(x, y int) (int, err) {
+  if y == 0 {
+    return 0, errors.New("cannot divide by zero")
+  }
+  
+  return x / y, nil
+}
+```
+
+```rust
+use eyre::{eyre, Result};
+
+fn divide(x: i32, y: i32) -> Result<i32> {
+  match y {
+    0 => Err(eyre!("cannot divide by zero")),
+    _ => Ok(x / y),
+  }
+}
+```
+
+[Huh? I thought Rust had the <a
+href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/error/trait.Error.html">Error trait</a>,
+shouldn't you be able to use that instead of a third party package like
+eyre?](conversation://Mara/wat)
+
+Let's try that, however we will need to make our own error type because the
+[`eyre!`](https://docs.rs/eyre/0.6.0/eyre/macro.eyre.html) macro creates its own
+transient error type on the fly.
+
+First we need to make our own simple error type for a DivideByZero error:
+
+```rust
+use std::error::Error;
+use std::fmt;
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct DivideByZero;
+
+impl fmt::Display for DivideByZero {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "cannot divide by zero")
+    }
+}
+
+impl Error for DivideByZero {}
+```
+
+So now let's use it:
+
+```rust
+fn divide(x: i32, y: i32) -> Result<i32, DivideByZero> {
+  match y {
+    0 => Err(DivideByZero{}),
+    _ => Ok(x / y),
+  }
+}
+```
+
+However there is still one thing left: the function returns a DivideByZero
+error, not _any_ error like the [error interface in
+Go](https://godoc.org/builtin#error). In order to represent that we need to
+return something that implements the Error trait:
+
+```rust
+fn divide(x: i32, y: i32) -> Result<i32, impl Error> {
+    // ...
+}
+```
+
+And for the simple case, this will work. However as things get more complicated
+this simple facade will not work due to reality and its complexities. This is
+why I am shipping as much as I can out to other packages like eyre or
+[anyhow](https://docs.rs/anyhow). Check out this code in the [Rust
+Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/?version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2018&gist=946057d8eb02f388cb3f03bae226d10d)
+to mess with this code interactively.
+
+[Pro tip: eyre (via <a href="https://docs.rs/color-eyre">color-eyre</a>) also
+has support for adding <a href="https://docs.rs/color-eyre/0.5.4/color_eyre/#custom-sections-for-error-reports-via-help-trait">custom
+sections and context</a> to errors similar to Go's <a href="https://godoc.org/fmt#Errorf">`fmt.Errorf` `%w`
+format argument</a>, which will help in real world
+applications. When you do need to actually make your own errors, you may want to look into
+crates like <a href="https://docs.rs/thiserror">thiserror</a> to help with
+automatically generating your error implementation.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+### The `?` Operator
+
+In Rust, the `?` operator checks for an error in a function call and if there is
+one, it automatically returns the error and gives you the result of the function
+if there was no error. This only works in functions that return either an Option
+or a Result.
+
+[The <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/index.html">Option</a> type
+isn't shown in very much detail here, but it acts like a "this thing might not exist and it's your
+responsibility to check" container for any value. The closest analogue in Go is
+making a pointer to a value or possibly putting a value in an `interface{}`
+(which can be annoying to deal with in practice).](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+```go
+func doThing() (int, error) {
+  result, err := divide(3, 4)
+  if err != nil {
+    return 0, err
+  }
+  
+  return result, nil
+}
+```
+
+```rust
+use eyre::Result;
+
+fn do_thing() -> Result<i32> {
+  let result = divide(3, 4)?;
+  Ok(result)
+}
+```
+
+If the second argument of divide is changed to `0`, then `do_thing` will return
+an error.
+
+[And how does that work with eyre?](conversation://Mara/hmm)
+
+It works with eyre because eyre has its own error wrapper type called
+[`Report`](https://docs.rs/eyre/0.6.0/eyre/struct.Report.html), which can
+represent anything that implements the Error trait.
+
+## Macros
+
+Rust macros are function calls with `!` after their name:
+
+```rust
+println!("hello, world");
+```
+
+## Variables
+
+Variables are created using `let`:
+
+```go
+var foo int
+var foo = 3
+foo := 3
+```
+
+```rust
+let foo: i32;
+let foo = 3;
+```
+
+### Mutability
+
+In Rust, every variable is immutable (unchangeable) by default. If we try to
+change those variables above we get a compiler error:
+
+```rust
+fn main() {
+    let foo: i32;
+    let foo = 3;
+    foo = 4;
+}
+```
+
+This makes the compiler return this error:
+
+```
+error[E0384]: cannot assign twice to immutable variable `foo`
+ --> src/main.rs:4:5
+  |
+3 |     let foo = 3;
+  |         ---
+  |         |
+  |         first assignment to `foo`
+  |         help: make this binding mutable: `mut foo`
+4 |     foo = 4;
+  |     ^^^^^^^ cannot assign twice to immutable variable
+```
+
+As the compiler suggests, you can create a mutable variable by adding the `mut`
+keyword after the `let` keyword. There is no analog to this in Go.
+
+```rust
+let mut foo: i32 = 0;
+foo = 4;
+```
+
+[This is slightly a lie. There's more advanced cases involving interior
+mutability and other fun stuff like that, however this is a more advanced topic
+that isn't covered here.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+### Lifetimes
+
+Rust does garbage collection at compile time. It also passes ownership of memory
+to functions as soon as possible. Lifetimes are how Rust calculates how "long" a
+given bit of data should exist in the program. Rust will then tell the compiled
+code to destroy the data from memory as soon as possible.
+
+[This is slightly inaccurate in order to make this simpler to explain and
+understand. It's probably more accurate to say that Rust calculates _when_ to
+collect garbage at compile time, but the difference doesn't really matter for
+most cases](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+For example, this code will fail to compile because `quo` was moved into the
+second divide call:
+
+```rust
+let quo = divide(4, 8)?;
+let other_quo = divide(quo, 5)?;
+
+// Fails compile because ownership of quo was given to divide to create other_quo
+let yet_another_quo = divide(quo, 4)?;
+```
+
+To work around this you can pass a reference to the divide function:
+
+```rust
+let other_quo = divide(&quo, 5);
+let yet_another_quo = divide(&quo, 4)?;
+```
+
+Or even create a clone of it:
+
+```rust
+let other_quo = divide(quo.clone(), 5);
+let yet_another_quo = divide(quo, 4)?;
+```
+
+[You can also get more fancy with <a
+href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/scope/lifetime/explicit.html">explicit
+lifetime annotations</a>, however as of Rust's 2018 edition they aren't usually
+required unless you are doing something weird. This is something that is also
+covered in more detail in <a
+href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/book/ch04-00-understanding-ownership.html">The
+Rust Book</a>.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+### Passing Mutability
+
+Sometimes functions need mutable variables. To pass a mutable reference, add
+`&mut` before the name of the variable:
+
+```rust
+let something = do_something_to_quo(&mut quo)?;
+```
+
+## Project Setup
+
+### Imports
+
+External dependencies are declared using the [Cargo.toml
+file](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/specifying-dependencies.html):
+
+```toml
+# Cargo.toml
+
+[dependencies]
+eyre = "0.6"
+```
+
+This depends on the crate [eyre](https://crates.io/crates/eyre) at version
+0.6.x.
+
+[You can do much more with version requirements with cargo, see more <a
+href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/specifying-dependencies.html">here</a>.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+Dependencies can also have optional features:
+
+```toml
+# Cargo.toml
+
+[dependencies]
+reqwest = { version = "0.10", features = ["json"] }
+```
+
+This depends on the crate [reqwest](https://crates.io/reqwest) at version 0.10.x
+with the `json` feature enabled (in this case it enables reqwest being able to
+automagically convert things to/from json using Serde).
+
+External dependencies can be used with the `use` statement:
+
+```go
+// go
+
+import "github.com/foo/bar"
+```
+
+```rust
+use foo; //      -> foo now has the members of crate foo behind the :: operator
+use foo::Bar; // -> Bar is now exposed as a type in this file
+
+use eyre::{eyre, Result}; // exposes the eyre! and Result members of eyre
+```
+
+[This doesn't cover how the <a
+href="http://www.sheshbabu.com/posts/rust-module-system/">module system</a>
+works, however the post I linked there covers this better than I
+can.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+## Async/Await
+
+Async functions may be interrupted to let other things execute as needed. This
+program uses [tokio](https://tokio.rs/) to handle async tasks. To run an async
+task and wait for its result, do this:
+
+```
+let printer_fact = reqwest::get("https://printerfacts.cetacean.club/fact")
+  .await?
+  .text()
+  .await?;
+println!("your printer fact is: {}", printer_fact);
+```
+
+This will populate `response` with an amusing fact about everyone's favorite
+household pet, the [printer](https://printerfacts.cetacean.club).
+
+To make an async function, add the `async` keyword before the `fn` keyword:
+
+```rust
+async fn get_text(url: String) -> Result<String> {
+  reqwest::get(&url)
+    .await?
+    .text()
+    .await?
+}
+```
+
+This can then be called like this:
+
+```rust
+let printer_fact = get_text("https://printerfacts.cetacean.club/fact").await?;
+```
+
+## Public/Private Types and Functions
+
+Rust has three privacy levels for functions:
+
+- Only visible to the current file (no keyword, lowercase in Go)
+- Visible to anything in the current crate (`pub(crate)`, internal packages in
+  go)
+- Visible to everyone (`pub`, upper case in Go)
+
+[You can't get a perfect analog to `pub(crate)` in Go, but <a
+href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1e8kOo3r51b2BWtTs_1uADIA5djfXhPT36s6eHVRIvaU/edit">internal
+packages</a> can get close to this behavior. Additionally you can have a lot
+more control over access levels than this, see <a
+href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/reference/visibility-and-privacy.html">here</a>
+for more information.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+## Structures
+
+Rust structures are created using the `struct` keyword:
+
+```go
+type Client struct {
+  Token string
+}
+```
+
+```rust
+pub struct Client {
+  pub token: String,
+}
+```
+
+If the `pub` keyword is not specified before a member name, it will not be
+usable outside the Rust source code file it is defined in:
+
+```go
+type Client struct {
+  token string
+}
+```
+
+```rust
+pub(crate) struct Client {
+  token: String,
+}
+```
+
+### Encoding structs to JSON
+
+[serde](https://serde.rs) is used to convert structures to json. The Rust
+compiler's
+[derive](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/rust-by-example/trait/derive.html)
+feature is used to automatically implement the conversion logic.
+
+```go
+type Response struct {
+  Name        string  `json:"name"`
+  Description *string `json:"description,omitempty"`
+}
+```
+
+```rust
+use serde::{Serialize, Deserialize};
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug)]
+pub(crate) struct Response {
+  pub name: String,
+  pub description: Option<String>,
+}
+```
+
+## Strings
+
+Rust has a few string types that do different things. You can read more about
+this [here](https://fasterthanli.me/blog/2020/working-with-strings-in-rust/),
+but at a high level most projects only uses a few of them:
+
+- `&str`, a slice reference to a String owned by someone else
+- String, an owned UTF-8 string
+- PathBuf, a filepath string (encoded in whatever encoding the OS running this
+  code uses for filesystems)
+  
+The strings are different types for safety reasons. See the linked blogpost for
+more detail about this.
+
+## Enumerations / Tagged Unions
+
+Enumerations, also known as tagged unions, are a way to specify a superposition
+of one of a few different kinds of values in one type. A neat way to show them
+off (along with some other fancy features like the derivation system) is with the
+[structopt](https://docs.rs/structopt/0.3.14/structopt/) crate. There is no easy
+analog for this in Go.
+
+[We've actually been dealing with enumerations ever since we touched the Result
+type earlier. <a
+href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/result/enum.Result.html">Result</a> and <a
+href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/enum.Option.html">Option</a> are
+implemented with enumerations.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+```rust
+#[derive(StructOpt, Debug)]
+#[structopt(about = "A simple release management tool")]
+pub(crate) enum Cmd {
+    /// Creates a new release for a git repo
+    Cut {
+        #[structopt(flatten)]
+        common: Common,
+        /// Changelog location
+        #[structopt(long, short, default_value="./CHANGELOG.md")]
+        changelog: PathBuf,
+    },
+
+    /// Runs releases as triggered by GitHub Actions
+    GitHubAction {
+        #[structopt(flatten)]
+        gha: GitHubAction,
+    },
+}
+```
+
+Enum variants can be matched using the `match` keyword:
+
+```rust
+match cmd {
+    Cmd::Cut { common, changelog } => {
+        cmd::cut::run(common, changelog).await
+    }
+    Cmd::GitHubAction { gha } => {
+        cmd::github_action::run(gha).await
+    }
+}
+```
+
+All variants of an enum must be matched in order for the code to compile.
+
+[This code was borrowed from <a
+href="https://github.com/lightspeed/palisade">palisade</a> in order to
+demonstrate this better. If you want to see these patterns in action, check this
+repository out!](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+## Testing
+
+Test functions need to be marked with the `#[test]` annotation, then they will
+be run alongside `cargo test`:
+
+```rust
+mod tests { // not required but it is good practice
+  #[test]
+  fn math_works() {
+    assert_eq!(2 + 2, 4);
+  }
+  
+  #[tokio::test] // needs tokio as a dependency
+  async fn http_works() {
+    let _ = get_html("https://within.website").await.unwrap();
+  }
+}
+```
+
+Avoid the use of `unwrap()` outside of tests. In the wrong cases, using
+`unwrap()` in production code can cause the server to crash and can incur data
+loss.
+
+[Alternatively, you can also use the <a href="https://learning-rust.github.io/docs/e4.unwrap_and_expect.html#expect">`.expect()`</a> method instead
+of `.unwrap()`. This lets you attach a message that will be shown when the
+result isn't Ok.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+---
+
+This is by no means comprehensive, see the rust book or [Learn X in Y Minutes
+Where X = Rust](https://learnxinyminutes.com/docs/rust/) for more information.
+This code is written to be as boring and obvious as possible. If things don't
+make sense, please reach out and don't be afraid to ask questions.

blog/anathema-2019-10-21.markdown

@@ -23,13 +23,13 @@ This is a surprisingly hard question to answer. Most of the time though, I know
 
 Art doesn't have to follow conventional ideas of what most people think "art" is. Art can be just about anything that you can classify as art. As a conventional example, consider something like the Mona Lisa:
 
-<center> ![The Mona Lisa, the most famous painting in the world](https://xena.greedo.xeserv.us/files/monalisa_small.jpg) </center>
+![The Mona Lisa, the most famous painting in the world](https://xena.greedo.xeserv.us/files/monalisa_small.jpg)
 
 People will accept this as art without much argument. It's a painting, it obviously took a lot of skill and time to create. It is said that Leonardo Da Vinci (the artist of the painting) created it partially [as a contribution to the state of the art of oil painting][monalisawhy].
 
 So that painting is art, and a lot of people would consider it art; so what *would* a lot of people *not* consider art? Here's an example:
 
-<center> ![Untitled (Perfect Lovers) by Felix Gonzalez-Torres](https://xena.greedo.xeserv.us/files/perfect-lovers.jpg) </center>
+![Untitled (Perfect Lovers) by Felix Gonzalez-Torres](https://xena.greedo.xeserv.us/files/perfect-lovers.jpg)
 
 This is *Untitled (Perfect Lovers)* by Felix Gonzalez. If you just take a look at it without context, it's just two battery-operated clocks on a wall. Where is the expertise and the like that goes into this? This is just the result of someone buying two clocks from the store and putting them somewhere, right?
 

blog/backslash-kubernetes-2021-01-03.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
+---
+title: "</kubernetes>"
+date: 2021-01-03
+---
+
+# &lt;/kubernetes&gt;
+
+Well, since I posted [that last post](/blog/k8s-pondering-2020-12-31) I have had
+an adventure. A good friend pointed out a server host that I had missed when I
+was looking for other places to use, and now I have migrated my blog to this new
+server. As of yesterday, I now run my website on a dedicated server in Finland.
+Here is the story of my journey to migrate 6 years of cruft and technical debt
+to this new server.
+
+Let's talk about this goliath of a server. This server is an AX41 from Hetzner.
+It has 64 GB of ram, a 512 GB nvme drive, 3 2 TB drives, and a Ryzen 3600. For
+all practical concerns, this beast is beyond overkill and rivals my workstation
+tower in everything but the GPU power. I have named it `lufta`, which is the
+word for feather in [L'ewa](https://lewa.within.website/dictionary.html).
+
+## Assimilation
+
+For my server setup process, the first step it to assimilate it. In this step I
+get a base NixOS install on it somehow. Since I was using Hetzner, I was able to
+boot into a NixOS install image using the process documented
+[here](https://nixos.wiki/wiki/Install_NixOS_on_Hetzner_Online). Then I decided
+that it would also be cool to have this server use
+[zfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZFS) as its filesystem to take advantage of
+its legendary subvolume and snapshotting features.
+
+So I wrote up a bootstrap system definition like the Hetzner tutorial said and
+ended up with `hosts/lufta/bootstrap.nix`:
+
+```nix
+{ pkgs, ... }:
+
+{
+  services.openssh.enable = true;
+  users.users.root.openssh.authorizedKeys.keys = [
+    "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIPg9gYKVglnO2HQodSJt4z4mNrUSUiyJQ7b+J798bwD9 cadey@shachi"
+  ];
+
+  networking.usePredictableInterfaceNames = false;
+  systemd.network = {
+    enable = true;
+    networks."eth0".extraConfig = ''
+      [Match]
+      Name = eth0
+      [Network]
+      # Add your own assigned ipv6 subnet here here!
+      Address = 2a01:4f9:3a:1a1c::/64
+      Gateway = fe80::1
+      # optionally you can do the same for ipv4 and disable DHCP (networking.dhcpcd.enable = false;)
+      Address =  135.181.162.99/26
+      Gateway = 135.181.162.65
+    '';
+  };
+
+  boot.supportedFilesystems = [ "zfs" ];
+
+  environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [ wget vim zfs ];
+}
+```
+
+Then I fired up the kexec tarball and waited for the server to boot into a NixOS
+live environment. A few minutes later I was in. I started formatting the drives
+according to the [NixOS install
+guide](https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/index.html#sec-installation) with
+one major difference: I added a `/boot` ext4 partition on the SSD. This allows
+me to have the system root device on zfs. I added the disks to a `raidz1` pool
+and created a few volumes. I also added the SSD as a log device so I get SSD
+caching.
+
+From there I installed NixOS as normal and rebooted the server. It booted
+normally. I had a shiny new NixOS server in the cloud! I noticed that the server
+had booted into NixOS unstable as opposed to NixOS 20.09 like my other nodes. I
+thought "ah, well, that probably isn't a problem" and continued to the
+configuration step.
+
+[That's ominous...](conversation://Mara/hmm)
+
+## Configuration
+
+Now that the server was assimilated and I could SSH into it, the next step was
+to configure it to run my services. While I was waiting for Hetzner to provision
+my server I ported a bunch of my services over to Nixops services [a-la this
+post](/blog/nixops-services-2020-11-09) in [this
+folder](https://github.com/Xe/nixos-configs/tree/master/common/services) of my
+configs repo. 
+
+Now that I had them, it was time to add this server to my Nixops setup. So I
+opened the [nixops definition
+folder](https://github.com/Xe/nixos-configs/tree/master/nixops/hexagone) and
+added the metadata for `lufta`. Then I added it to my Nixops deployment with
+this command:
+
+```console
+$ nixops modify -d hexagone -n hexagone *.nix
+```
+
+Then I copied over the autogenerated config from `lufta`'s `/etc/nixos/` folder
+into
+[`hosts/lufta`](https://github.com/Xe/nixos-configs/tree/master/hosts/lufta) and
+ran a `nixops deploy` to add some other base configuration.
+
+## Migration
+
+Once that was done, I started enabling my services and pushing configs to test
+them. After I got to a point where I thought things would work I opened up the
+Kubernetes console and started deleting deployments on my kubernetes cluster as
+I felt "safe" to migrate them over. Then I saw the deployments come back. I
+deleted them again and they came back again.
+
+Oh, right. I enabled that one Kubernetes service that made it intentionally hard
+to delete deployments. One clever set of scale-downs and kills later and I was
+able to kill things with wild abandon.
+
+I copied over the gitea data with `rsync` running in the kubernetes deployment.
+Then I killed the gitea deployment, updated DNS and reran a whole bunch of gitea
+jobs to resanify the environment. I did a test clone on a few of my repos and
+then I deleted the gitea volume from DigitalOcean.
+
+Moving over the other deployments from Kubernetes into NixOS services was
+somewhat easy, however I did need to repackage a bunch of my programs and static
+sites for NixOS. I made the
+[`pkgs`](https://github.com/Xe/nixos-configs/tree/master/pkgs) tree a bit more
+fleshed out to compensate.
+
+[Okay, packaging static sites in NixOS is beyond overkill, however a lot of them
+need some annoyingly complicated build steps and throwing it all into Nix means
+that we can make them reproducible and use one build system to rule them
+all. Not to mention that when I need to upgrade the system, everything will
+rebuild with new system libraries to avoid the <a
+href="https://blog.tidelift.com/bit-rot-the-silent-killer">Docker bitrot
+problem</a>.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+## Reboot Test
+
+After a significant portion of the services were moved over, I decided it was
+time to do the reboot test. I ran the `reboot` command and then...nothing.
+My continuous ping test was timing out. My phone was blowing up with downtime
+messages from NodePing. Yep, I messed something up.
+
+I was able to boot the server back into a NixOS recovery environment using the
+kexec trick, and from there I was able to prove the following:
+
+- The zfs setup is healthy
+- I can read some of the data I migrated over
+- I can unmount and remount the ZFS volumes repeatedly
+
+I was confused. This shouldn't be happening. After half an hour of
+troubleshooting, I gave in and ordered an IPKVM to be installed in my server.
+
+Once that was set up (and I managed to trick MacOS into letting me boot a .jnlp
+web start file), I rebooted the server so I could see what error I was getting
+on boot. I missed it the first time around, but on the second time I was able to
+capture this screenshot:
+
+![The error I was looking
+for](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/blog/Screen+Shot+2021-01-03+at+1.13.05+AM.png)
+
+Then it hit me. I did the install on NixOS unstable. My other servers use NixOS
+20.09. I had downgraded zfs and the older version of zfs couldn't mount the
+volume created by the newer version of zfs in read/write mode. One more trip to
+the recovery environment later to install NixOS unstable in a new generation.
+
+Then I switched my tower's default NixOS channel to the unstable channel and ran
+`nixops deploy` to reactivate my services. After the NodePing uptime
+notifications came in, I ran the reboot test again while looking at the console
+output to be sure.
+
+It booted. It worked. I had a stable setup. Then I reconnected to IRC and passed
+out.
+
+## Services Migrated
+
+Here is a list of all of the services I have migrated over from my old dedicated
+server, my kubernetes cluster and my dokku server:
+
+- aerial -> discord chatbot
+- goproxy -> go modules proxy
+- lewa -> https://lewa.within.website
+- hlang -> https://h.christine.website
+- mi -> https://mi.within.website
+- printerfacts -> https://printerfacts.cetacean.club
+- xesite -> https://christine.website
+- graphviz -> https://graphviz.christine.website
+- idp -> https://idp.christine.website
+- oragono -> ircs://irc.within.website:6697/
+- tron -> discord bot
+- withinbot -> discord bot
+- withinwebsite -> https://within.website
+- gitea -> https://tulpa.dev
+- other static sites
+
+Doing this migration is a bit of an archaeology project as well. I was
+continuously discovering services that I had littered over my machines with very
+poorly documented requirements and configuration. I hope that this move will let
+the next time I do this kind of migration be a lot easier by comparison.
+
+I still have a few other services to move over, however the ones that are left
+are much more annoying to set up properly. I'm going to get to deprovision 5
+servers in this migration and as a result get this stupidly powerful goliath of
+a server to do whatever I want with and I also get to cut my monthly server
+costs by over half.
+
+I am very close to being able to turn off the Kubernetes cluster and use NixOS
+for everything. A few services that are still on the Kubernetes cluster are
+resistant to being nixified, so I may have to use the Docker containers for
+that. I was hoping to be able to cut out Docker entirely, however we don't seem
+to be that lucky yet.
+
+Sure, there is some added latency with the server being in Europe instead of
+Montreal, however if this ever becomes a practical issue I can always launch a
+cheap DigitalOcean VPS in Toronto to act as a DNS server for my WireGuard setup.
+
+Either way, I am now off Kubernetes for my highest traffic services. If services
+of mine need to use the disk, they can now just use the disk. If I really care
+about the data, I can add the service folders to the list of paths to back up to
+`rsync.net` (I have a post about how this backup process works in the drafting
+stage) via [borgbackup](https://www.borgbackup.org/).
+
+Let's hope it stays online!
+
+---
+
+Many thanks to [Graham Christensen](https://twitter.com/grhmc), [Dave
+Anderson](https://twitter.com/dave_universetf) and everyone else who has been
+helping me along this journey. I would be lost without them.

blog/borg-backup-2021-01-09.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+---
+title: "How to Set Up Borg Backup on NixOS"
+date: 2021-01-09
+series: howto
+tags:
+  - nixos
+  - borgbackup
+---
+
+# How to Set Up Borg Backup on NixOS
+
+[Borg Backup](https://www.borgbackup.org/) is a encrypted, compressed,
+deduplicated backup program for multiple platforms including Linux. This
+combined with the [NixOS options for configuring
+Borg Backup](https://search.nixos.org/options?channel=20.09&show=services.borgbackup.jobs.%3Cname%3E.paths&from=0&size=30&sort=relevance&query=services.borgbackup.jobs)
+allows you to backup on a schedule and restore from those backups when you need
+to.
+
+Borg Backup works with local files, remote servers and there are even [cloud
+hosts](https://www.borgbackup.org/support/commercial.html) that specialize in
+hosting your backups. In this post we will cover how to set up a backup job on a
+server using [BorgBase](https://www.borgbase.com/)'s free tier to host the
+backup files.
+
+## Setup
+
+You will need a few things:
+
+- A free BorgBase account
+- A server running NixOS
+- A list of folders to back up
+- A list of folders to NOT back up
+
+First, we will need to create a SSH key for root to use when connecting to
+BorgBase. Open a shell as root on the server and make a `borgbackup` folder in
+root's home directory:
+
+```shell
+mkdir borgbackup
+cd borgbackup
+```
+
+Then create a SSH key that will be used to connect to BorgBase:
+
+```shell
+ssh-keygen -f ssh_key -t ed25519 -C "Borg Backup"
+```
+
+Ignore the SSH key password because at this time the automated Borg Backup job
+doesn't allow the use of password-protected SSH keys.
+
+Now we need to create an encryption passphrase for the backup repository. Run
+this command to generate one using [xkcdpass](https://pypi.org/project/xkcdpass/):
+
+```shell
+nix-shell -p python39Packages.xkcdpass --run 'xkcdpass -n 12' > passphrase
+```
+
+[You can do whatever you want to generate a suitable passphrase, however
+xkcdpass is proven to be <a href="https://xkcd.com/936/">more random</a> than
+most other password generators.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+## BorgBase Setup
+
+Now that we have the basic requirements out of the way, let's configure BorgBase
+to use that SSH key. In the BorgBase UI click on the Account tab in the upper
+right and open the SSH key management window. Click on Add Key and paste in the
+contents of `./ssh_key.pub`. Name it after the hostname of the server you are
+working on. Click Add Key and then go back to the Repositories tab in the upper
+right.
+
+Click New Repo and name it after the hostname of the server you are working on.
+Select the key you just created to have full access. Choose the region of the
+backup volume and then click Add Repository.
+
+On the main page copy the repository path with the copy icon next to your
+repository in the list. You will need this below. Attempt to SSH into the backup
+repo in order to have ssh recognize the server's host key:
+
+```shell
+ssh -i ./ssh_key o6h6zl22@o6h6zl22.repo.borgbase.com
+```
+
+Then accept the host key and press control-c to terminate the SSH connection.
+
+## NixOS Configuration
+
+In your `configuration.nix` file, add the following block:
+
+```nix
+services.borgbackup.jobs."borgbase" = {
+  paths = [
+    "/var/lib"
+    "/srv"
+    "/home"
+  ];
+  exclude = [
+    # very large paths
+    "/var/lib/docker"
+    "/var/lib/systemd"
+    "/var/lib/libvirt"
+    
+    # temporary files created by cargo and `go build`
+    "**/target"
+    "/home/*/go/bin"
+    "/home/*/go/pkg"
+  ];
+  repo = "o6h6zl22@o6h6zl22.repo.borgbase.com:repo";
+  encryption = {
+    mode = "repokey-blake2";
+    passCommand = "cat /root/borgbackup/passphrase";
+  };
+  environment.BORG_RSH = "ssh -i /root/borgbackup/ssh_key";
+  compression = "auto,lzma";
+  startAt = "daily";
+};
+```
+
+Customize the paths and exclude lists to your needs. Once you are satisfied,
+rebuild your NixOS system using `nixos-rebuild`:
+
+```shell
+nixos-rebuild switch
+```
+
+And then you can fire off an initial backup job with this command:
+
+```shell
+systemctl start borgbackup-job-borgbase.service
+```
+
+Monitor the job with this command:
+
+```shell
+journalctl -fu borgbackup-job-borgbase.service
+```
+
+The first backup job will always take the longest to run. Every incremental
+backup after that will get smaller and smaller. By default, the system will
+create new backup snapshots every night at midnight local time.
+
+## Restoring Files
+
+To restore files, first figure out when you want to restore the files from.
+NixOS includes a wrapper script for each Borg job you define. you can mount your
+backup archive using this command:
+
+```
+mkdir mount
+borg-job-borgbase mount o6h6zl22@o6h6zl22.repo.borgbase.com:repo ./mount
+```
+
+Then you can explore the backup (and with it each incremental snapshot) to
+your heart's content and copy files out manually. You can look through each
+folder and copy out what you need.
+
+When you are done you can unmount it with this command:
+
+```
+borg-job-borgbase umount /root/borgbase/mount
+```
+
+---
+
+And that's it! You can get more fancy with nixops using a setup [like
+this](https://github.com/Xe/nixos-configs/blob/master/common/services/backup.nix).
+In general though, you can get away with this setup. It may be a good idea to
+copy down the encryption passphrase onto paper and put it in a safe space like a
+safety deposit box.
+
+For more information about Borg Backup on NixOS, see [the relevant chapter of
+the NixOS
+manual](https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/index.html#module-borgbase) or
+[the list of borgbackup
+options](https://search.nixos.org/options?channel=20.09&query=services.borgbackup.jobs)
+that you can pick from.
+
+I hope this is able to help.

blog/colemak-layout-2-2020-08-22.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+---
+title: Colemak Layout - First Week
+date: 2020-08-22
+series: colemak
+---
+
+# Colemak Layout - First Week
+
+A week ago I posted the last post in this series where I announced I was going
+all colemak all the time. I have not been measuring words per minute (to avoid
+psyching myself out), but so far my typing speed has gone from intolerably slow
+to manageably slow. I have been only dipping back into qwerty for two main
+things:
+
+1. Passwords, specifically the ones I have in muscle memory
+2. Coding at work that needs to be done fast
+
+Other than that, everything else has been in colemak. I have written DnD-style
+game notes, hacked at my own "Linux distro", started a few QMK keymaps and more
+all via colemak.
+
+Here are some of the lessons I've learned:
+
+## Let Your Coworkers Know You Are Going to Be Slow
+
+This kind of thing is a long tirm investment. In the short term, your
+productivity is going to crash through the floor. This will feel frustrating. It
+took me an entire workday to implement and test a HTTP handler/client for it in
+Go. You will be making weird typos. Let your coworkers know so they don't jump
+to the wrong conclusions too quickly.
+
+Also, this goes without saying, but don't do this kind of change during crunch
+time. That's a bit of a dick move.
+
+## Print Out the Layout
+
+I have the layout printed and taped to my monitor and iPad stand. This helps a
+lot. Instead of looking at the keyboard, I look at the layout image and let my
+fingers drift into position.
+
+I also have a blank keyboard at my desk, this helps because I can't look at the
+keycaps and become confused (however this has backfired with typing numbers,
+lol). This keyboard has cherry MX blues though, which means it can be loud when
+I get to typing up a storm.
+
+## Have Friends Ask You What Layout You Are Using
+
+Something that works for me is to have friends ask me what keyboard layout I am
+using, so I can be mindful of the change. I have a few people asking me that on
+the regular, so I can be accountable to them and myself.
+
+## macOS and iPadOS have Colemak Out of the Box
+
+The settings app lets you configure colemak input without having to jailbreak or
+install a custom keyboard layout. Take advantage of this.
+
+Someone has also created a colemak windows package for windows that includes an
+IA-64 (Itanium) binary. It was last updated in 2004, and still works without
+hassle on windows 10. It was the irst time I've ever seen an IA-64 windows
+binary in the wild!
+
+## Relearn How To Type Your Passwords
+
+I type passwords from muscle memory. I have had to rediscover what they actually
+are so I can relearn how to type them.
+
+---
+
+The colemak experiment continues. I also have a [ZSA
+Moonlander](https://www.zsa.io/moonlander/) and the kit for a
+[GergoPlex](https://www.gboards.ca/product/gergoplex) coming in the mail. Both
+of these run [QMK](https://qmk.fm), which allows me to fully program them with a
+rich macro engine. Here are a few of the macros I plan to use:
+
+```c
+// Programming
+SUBS(ifErr,     "if err != nil {\n\t\n}", KC_E, KC_I)
+SUBS(goTest,    "go test ./...\n",        KC_G, KC_T)
+SUBS(cargoTest, "cargo test\n",           KC_C, KC_T)
+```
+
+This will autotype a few common things when I press the keys "ei", "gt", or "ct"
+at the same time. I plan to add a few more as things turn up so I can more
+quickly type common idioms or commands to save me time. The `if err != nil`
+combination started as a joke, but I bet it will end up being incredibly
+valuable.
+
+Be well, take care of your hands.

blog/colemak-layout-2020-08-15.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+---
+title: Colemak Layout - Beginning
+date: 2020-08-15
+series: colemak
+---
+
+# Colemak Layout - Beginning
+
+I write a lot. On average I write a few kilobytes of text per day. This has been
+adding up and is taking a huge toll on my hands, especially considering the
+Covid situation. Something needs to change. I've been working on learning a new
+keyboard layout: [Colemak](https://colemak.com).
+
+This post will be shorter than most of my posts because I'm writing it with
+Colemak enabled on my iPad. Writing this is painfully slow at the moment. My
+sentences are short and choppy because those are easier to type. 
+
+I also have a [ZSA Moonlander](https://www.zsa.io/moonlander/) on the way, it
+should be here in October or November. I will also be sure to write about that
+once I get it in the mail.
+
+So far, I have about 30 words per minute on the homerow, but once I go off the
+homerow the speed tanks to less than about five.
+
+However, I am making progress!
+
+Be well all, don't stress your hands out.

blog/death-08-19-2018.markdown

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ Death is a very misunderstood card in Tarot, but not for the reasons you'd think
 
 Tarot does not see death in this way. Death, the skeleton knight wearing armor, does not see color, race or creed, thus he is depicted as a skeleton. He is riding towards a child and another younger person. The sun is rising in the distance, but even it cannot stop Death. Nor can royalty, as shown by the king under him, dead.
 
-<center>![](/static/img/tarot_death.jpg)</center>
+![](/static/img/tarot_death.jpg)
 
 Death, however, does not actually refer to the act of a physical body physically dying. Death is a change that cannot be reverted. The consequences of this change can and will affect what comes next, however. 
 

blog/death-stranding-review-2019-11-11.markdown

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ the real thing that advances is the skill of the player. You make the
 deliveries. You go the distance. You do your job as the post-apocalyptic UPS man
 that America needs.
 
-<center>![UPS Simulator 2019](/static/img/ups-simulator-2019.jpg)</center>
+![UPS Simulator 2019](/static/img/ups-simulator-2019.jpg)
 
 By [mmmintdesign](https://twitter.com/mmmintdesign) [source](https://twitter.com/mmmintdesign/status/1192856164331114497)
 

blog/drone-kubernetes-cd-2020-07-10.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,330 @@
+---
+title: Continuous Deployment to Kubernetes with Gitea and Drone
+date: 2020-07-10
+series: howto
+tags:
+ - nix
+ - kubernetes
+ - drone
+ - gitea
+---
+
+# Continuous Deployment to Kubernetes with Gitea and Drone
+
+Recently I put a complete rewrite of [the printerfacts
+server](https://printerfacts.cetacean.club) into service based on
+[warp](https://github.com/seanmonstar/warp). I have it set up to automatically
+be deployed to my Kubernetes cluster on every commit to [its source
+repo](https://tulpa.dev/cadey/printerfacts). I'm going to explain how this works
+and how I set it up.
+
+## Nix
+
+One of the first elements in this is [Nix](https://nixos.org/nix). I use Nix to
+build reproducible docker images of the printerfacts server, as well as managing
+my own developer tooling locally. I also pull in the following packages from
+GitHub:
+
+- [naersk](https://github.com/nmattia/naersk) - an automagic builder for Rust
+  crates that is friendly to the nix store
+- [gruvbox-css](https://github.com/Xe/gruvbox-css) - the CSS file that the
+  printerfacts service uses
+- [nixpkgs](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs) - contains definitions for the
+  base packages of the system
+
+These are tracked using [niv](https://github.com/nmattia/niv), which allows me
+to store these dependencies in the global nix store for free. This lets them be
+reused and deduplicated as they need to be.
+
+Next, I made a build script for the printerfacts service that builds on top of
+these in `printerfacts.nix`:
+
+```nix
+{ sources ? import ./nix/sources.nix, pkgs ? import <nixpkgs> { } }:
+let
+  srcNoTarget = dir:
+    builtins.filterSource
+    (path: type: type != "directory" || builtins.baseNameOf path != "target")
+    dir;
+  src = srcNoTarget ./.;
+
+  naersk = pkgs.callPackage sources.naersk { };
+  gruvbox-css = pkgs.callPackage sources.gruvbox-css { };
+  
+  pfacts = naersk.buildPackage {
+    inherit src;
+    remapPathPrefix = true;
+  };
+in pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation {
+  inherit (pfacts) name;
+  inherit src;
+  phases = "installPhase";
+
+  installPhase = ''
+    mkdir -p $out/static
+
+    cp -rf $src/templates $out/templates
+    cp -rf ${pfacts}/bin $out/bin
+    cp -rf ${gruvbox-css}/gruvbox.css $out/static/gruvbox.css
+  '';
+}
+```
+
+And finally a simple docker image builder in `default.nix`:
+
+```nix
+{ system ? builtins.currentSystem }:
+
+let
+  sources = import ./nix/sources.nix;
+  pkgs = import <nixpkgs> { };
+  printerfacts = pkgs.callPackage ./printerfacts.nix { };
+
+  name = "xena/printerfacts";
+  tag = "latest";
+
+in pkgs.dockerTools.buildLayeredImage {
+  inherit name tag;
+  contents = [ printerfacts ];
+
+  config = {
+    Cmd = [ "${printerfacts}/bin/printerfacts" ];
+    Env = [ "RUST_LOG=info" ];
+    WorkingDir = "/";
+  };
+}
+```
+
+This creates a docker image with only the printerfacts service in it and any
+dependencies that are absolutely required for the service to function. Each
+dependency is also split into its own docker layer so that it is much more
+efficient on docker caches, which translates into faster start times on existing
+servers. Here are the layers needed for the printerfacts service to function:
+
+- [libunistring](https://www.gnu.org/software/libunistring/) - Unicode-safe
+  string manipulation library
+- [libidn2](https://www.gnu.org/software/libidn/) - An internationalized domain
+  name decoder
+- [glibc](https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/) - A core library for C programs
+  to interface with the Linux kernel
+- The printerfacts binary/templates
+
+That's it. It packs all of this into an image that is 13 megabytes when
+compressed.
+
+## Drone
+
+Now that we have a way to make a docker image, let's look how I use
+[drone.io](https://drone.io) to build and push this image to the [Docker
+Hub](https://hub.docker.com/repository/docker/xena/printerfacts/tags).
+
+I have a drone manifest that looks like
+[this](https://tulpa.dev/cadey/printerfacts/src/branch/master/.drone.yml):
+
+```yaml
+kind: pipeline
+name: docker
+steps:
+  - name: build docker image
+    image: "monacoremo/nix:2020-04-05-05f09348-circleci"
+    environment:
+      USER: root
+    commands:
+      - cachix use xe
+      - nix-build
+      - cp $(readlink result) /result/docker.tgz
+    volumes:
+      - name: image
+        path: /result
+
+  - name: push docker image
+    image: docker:dind
+    volumes:
+      - name: image
+        path: /result
+      - name: dockersock
+        path: /var/run/docker.sock
+    commands:
+      - docker load -i /result/docker.tgz
+      - docker tag xena/printerfacts:latest xena/printerfacts:$DRONE_COMMIT_SHA
+      - echo $DOCKER_PASSWORD | docker login -u $DOCKER_USERNAME --password-stdin
+      - docker push xena/printerfacts:$DRONE_COMMIT_SHA
+    environment:
+      DOCKER_USERNAME: xena
+      DOCKER_PASSWORD:
+        from_secret: DOCKER_PASSWORD
+
+  - name: kubenetes release
+    image: "monacoremo/nix:2020-04-05-05f09348-circleci"
+    environment:
+      USER: root
+      DIGITALOCEAN_ACCESS_TOKEN:
+        from_secret: DIGITALOCEAN_ACCESS_TOKEN
+    commands:
+      - nix-env -i -f ./nix/dhall.nix
+      - ./scripts/release.sh
+
+volumes:
+  - name: image
+    temp: {}
+  - name: dockersock
+    host:
+      path: /var/run/docker.sock
+```
+
+This is a lot, so let's break it up into the individual parts.
+
+### Configuration
+
+Drone steps normally don't have access to a docker daemon, privileged mode or
+host-mounted paths. I configured the
+[cadey/printerfacts](https://drone.tulpa.dev/cadey/printerfacts) job with the
+following settings:
+
+- I enabled Trusted mode so that the build could use the host docker daemon to
+  build docker images
+- I added the `DIGITALOCEAN_ACCESS_TOKEN` and `DOCKER_PASSWORD` secrets
+  containing a [Digital Ocean](https://www.digitalocean.com/) API token and a
+  Docker hub password
+
+I then set up the `volumes` block to create a few things:
+
+```
+volumes:
+  - name: image
+    temp: {}
+  - name: dockersock
+    host:
+      path: /var/run/docker.sock
+```
+
+- A temporary folder to store the docker image after Nix builds it
+- The docker daemon socket from the host
+
+Now we can get to the building the docker image.
+
+### Docker Image Build
+
+I use [this docker image](https://hub.docker.com/r/monacoremo/nix) to build with
+Nix on my Drone setup. As of the time of writing this post, the most recent tag
+of this image is `monacoremo/nix:2020-04-05-05f09348-circleci`. This image has a
+core setup of Nix and a few userspace tools so that it works in CI tooling. In
+this step, I do a few things:
+
+```yaml
+name: build docker image
+image: "monacoremo/nix:2020-04-05-05f09348-circleci"
+environment:
+  USER: root
+commands:
+  - cachix use xe
+  - nix-build
+  - cp $(readlink result) /result/docker.tgz
+volumes:
+  - name: image
+    path: /result
+```
+
+I first activate my [cachix](https://xe.cachix.org) cache so that any pre-built
+parts of this setup can be fetched from the cache instead of rebuilt from source
+or fetched from [crates.io](https://crates.io). This makes the builds slightly
+faster in my limited testing.
+
+Then I build the docker image with `nix-build` (`nix-build` defaults to
+`default.nix` when a filename is not specified, which is where the docker build
+is defined in this case) and copy the resulting tarball to that shared temporary
+folder I mentioned earlier. This lets me build the docker image _without needing
+a docker daemon_ or any other special permissions on the host.
+
+### Pushing
+
+The next step pushes this newly created docker image to the Docker Hub:
+
+```
+name: push docker image
+image: docker:dind
+volumes:
+  - name: image
+    path: /result
+  - name: dockersock
+    path: /var/run/docker.sock
+commands:
+  - docker load -i /result/docker.tgz
+  - docker tag xena/printerfacts:latest xena/printerfacts:$DRONE_COMMIT_SHA
+  - echo $DOCKER_PASSWORD | docker login -u $DOCKER_USERNAME --password-stdin
+  - docker push xena/printerfacts:$DRONE_COMMIT_SHA
+environment:
+  DOCKER_USERNAME: xena
+  DOCKER_PASSWORD:
+    from_secret: DOCKER_PASSWORD
+```
+
+First it loads the docker image from that shared folder into the docker daemon
+as `xena/printerfacts:latest`. This image is then tagged with the relevant git
+commit using the magic
+[`$DRONE_COMMIT_SHA`](https://docs.drone.io/pipeline/environment/reference/drone-commit-sha/)
+variable that Drone defines for you.
+
+In order to push docker images, you need to log into the Docker Hub. I log in
+using this method in order to avoid the chance that the docker password will be
+leaked to the build logs.
+
+```
+echo $DOCKER_PASSWORD | docker login -u $DOCKER_USERNAME --password-stdin
+```
+
+Then the image is pushed to the Docker hub and we can get onto the deployment
+step.
+
+### Deploying to Kubernetes
+
+The deploy step does two small things. First, it installs
+[dhall-yaml](https://github.com/dhall-lang/dhall-haskell/tree/master/dhall-yaml)
+for generating the Kubernetes manifest (see
+[here](https://christine.website/blog/dhall-kubernetes-2020-01-25)) and then
+runs
+[`scripts/release.sh`](https://tulpa.dev/cadey/printerfacts/src/branch/master/scripts/release.sh):
+
+```
+#!/usr/bin/env nix-shell
+#! nix-shell -p doctl -p kubectl -i bash
+
+doctl kubernetes cluster kubeconfig save kubermemes
+dhall-to-yaml-ng < ./printerfacts.dhall | kubectl apply -n apps -f -
+kubectl rollout status -n apps deployment/printerfacts
+```
+
+This uses the [nix-shell shebang
+support](http://iam.travishartwell.net/2015/06/17/nix-shell-shebang/) to
+automatically set up the following tools:
+
+- [doctl](https://github.com/digitalocean/doctl) to log into kubernetes
+- [kubectl](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubectl/overview/) to actually
+  deploy the site
+
+Then it logs into kubernetes (my cluster is real-life unironically named
+kubermemes), applies the generated manifest (which looks something like
+[this](http://sprunge.us/zsO4os)) and makes sure the deployment rolls out
+successfully.
+
+This will have the kubernetes cluster automatically roll out new versions of the
+service and maintain at least two active replicas of the service. This will make
+sure that you users can always have access to high-quality printer facts, even
+if one or more of the kubernetes nodes go down.
+
+---
+
+And that is how I continuously deploy things on my Gitea server to Kubernetes
+using Drone, Dhall and Nix.
+
+If you want to integrate the printer facts service into your application, use
+the `/fact` route on it:
+
+```console
+$ curl https://printerfacts.cetacean.club/fact
+A printer has a total of 24 whiskers, 4 rows of whiskers on each side. The upper
+two rows can move independently of the bottom two rows.
+```
+
+There is currently no rate limit to this API. Please do not make me have to
+create one.

blog/feeds-fixed-gemini-flight-journal-2020-07-26.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+---
+title: RSS/Atom Feeds Fixed and Announcing my Flight Journal
+date: 2020-07-26
+tags:
+ - gemini
+---
+
+# RSS/Atom Feeds Fixed and Announcing my Flight Journal
+
+I have released version 2.0.1 of this site's code. With it I have fixed the RSS
+and Atom feed generation. For now I have had to sacrifice the post content being
+in the feed, but I will bring it back as soon as possible.
+
+Victory badges:
+
+[![Valid Atom Feed](https://validator.w3.org/feed/images/valid-atom.png)](/blog.atom)
+[![Valid RSS Feed](https://validator.w3.org/feed/images/valid-rss-rogers.png)](/blog.rss)
+
+Thanks to [W3Schools](https://www.w3schools.com/XML/xml_rss.asp) for having a
+minimal example of an RSS feed and [this Flickr
+image](https://www.flickr.com/photos/sepblog/3652359502/) for expanding it so I
+can have the post dates be included too.
+
+## Flight Journal
+
+I have created a [Gemini](https://gemini.circumlunar.space) protocol server at
+[gemini://cetacean.club](gemini://cetacean.club). Gemini is an exploration of
+the space between [Gopher](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gopher_%28protocol%29)
+and HTTP. Right now my site doesn't have much on it, but I have added its feed
+to [my feeds page](/feeds). 
+
+Please note that the content on this Gemini site is going to be of a much more
+personal nature compared to the more professional kind of content I put on this
+blog. Please keep this in mind before casting judgement or making any kind of
+conclusions about me.
+
+If you don't have a Gemini client installed, you can view the site content
+[here](https://portal.mozz.us/gemini/cetacean.club/). I plan to make a HTTP
+frontend to this site once I get [Maj](https://tulpa.dev/cadey/maj) up and
+functional.
+
+## Maj
+
+I have created a Gemini client and server framework for Rust programs called
+[Maj](https://tulpa.dev/cadey/maj). Right now it includes the following
+features:
+
+- Synchronous client
+- Asynchronous server framework
+- Gemini response parser
+- `text/gemini` parser
+
+Additionally, I have a few projects in progress for the Maj ecosystem:
+
+- [majc](https://portal.mozz.us/gemini/cetacean.club/maj/majc.gmi) - an
+  interactive curses client for Gemini
+- majd - An advanced reverse proxy and Lua handler daemon for people running
+  Gemini servers
+- majsite - A simple example of the maj server framework in action
+
+I will write more about this in the future when I have more than just this
+little preview of what is to come implemented. However, here's a screenshot of
+majc rendering my flight journal:
+
+![majc preview image rendering cetacean.club](/static/img/majc_preview.png)

blog/gemini-web-fear-missing-out-2020-08-02.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+---
+title: The Fear Of Missing Out
+date: 2020-08-02
+tags:
+ - culture
+ - web
+---
+
+# The Fear Of Missing Out
+
+Humans have evolved over thousands of years with communities that are small,
+tight-knit and where it is easy to feel like you know everyone in them. The
+Internet changes this completely. With the Internet, it's easy to send messages,
+write articles and even publish books that untold thousands of people can read
+and interact with. This has lead to an instinctive fear in humanity I'm going to
+call the Fear of Missing Out [1]. 
+
+[[1]: The Fear of Missing Out](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fear_of_missing_out)
+
+The Internet in its current form capitalizes and makes billions off of this.
+Infinite scrolling and live updating pages that make it feel like there's always
+something new to read. Uncountable hours of engineering and psychological
+testing spent making sure people click and scroll and click and consume all day
+until that little hit of dopamine becomes its own addiction. We have taken a
+system for displaying documents and accidentally turned it into a hulking
+abomination that consumes the souls of all who get trapped in it, crystallizing
+them in an endless cycle of checking notifications, looking for new posts on
+your newsfeed, scrolling down to find just that something you think you're
+looking for.
+
+When I was in high school, I bagged groceries for a store. I also had the
+opportunity to help customers out to their cars and was able to talk with them.
+Obviously, I was minimum wage and had a whole bunch of other things to do;
+however there were a few times that I could really get to talk with regular
+customers and feel like I got to know them. What comes to mind however is a
+story where that is not the case. One day I was helping this older woman to her
+car, and she eventually said something like "All of these people just keep
+going, going, going nonstop. It drives me mad. How can't they see where they are
+is good enough already?" I thought for a moment and I wasn't able to come up
+with a decent reply.
+
+The infinite scrollbars and newsfeeds of the web just keep going, going, going,
+going, going, going, going and going until the user gives up to do something
+elses. There's no consideration of _how_ the content is discovered, and _why_
+the content is discovered, it's just an endless feed of noise. One subtle change
+in your worldview after another, just from the headlines alone. Not to mention
+the endless torrent of advertising.
+
+However, I think there may be a way out, a kind of detox from the infinite
+scrolling, newsfeeds, notifications and the like for the internet, and I think a
+good step towards that is the Gemini [2] protocol.
+
+[[2]: Gemini Protocol](https://gemini.circumlunar.space/)
+
+Gemini is a protocol that is somewhere between HTTP and Gopher. A user sends a
+request to a Gemini server and the user gets a response back. This response
+could be anything, but a little header tells the client what kind of data it is.
+There's also a little markup format that's a very lightweight take on
+markdown [3], but overall the entire goal of the project is to be minimal and
+just serve documents.
+
+[[3]: Gemtext markup](https://portal.mozz.us/gemini/gemini.circumlunar.space/docs/gemtext.gmi)
+
+I've noticed something as I browse through the known constellation of Gemini
+capsules though. I keep refreshing the CAPCOM feed of posts. I keep refreshing
+the mailing list archives. I keep refreshing my email client, looking for new
+content and feel frustrated when it doesn't show up like I expect it to. I'm
+addicted to the newsfeeds. I'm caught in the trap that autoplay put me in. I'm a
+victim to infinite scrolling and that constant little hit of dopamine that
+modern social media has put on us all. Realizing this feels like I am realizing
+an addiction to a drug (but I'd argue that it somewhat is a drug, by design,
+what better way to get people to be exposed to ads than to make the service that
+serves the ads addictive!).
+
+I'm not sure how to best combat this. It feels kind of scary. I'm starting to
+attempt to detox though. I'm writing a lot more on my Gemini capsule [4] [5]. I'm
+starting to really consider the Fear of Missing Out when I design and implement
+things in the future. So many things update instantly on the modern internet, it
+may be a good idea to attempt to make something that updates weekly or even
+monthly.
+
+[[4]: My Gemini capsule](gemini://cetacean.club)  
+[[5]: [experimental] My Gemini capsule over HTTP](http://cetacean.club)
+
+I'm still going to attempt a few ideas that I have regarding long term archival
+of the Gemini constellation, but I'm definitely going to make sure that I take
+the time to actually consider the consequences of my actions and what kind of
+world it creates. I want to create the kind of world that enables people to
+better themselves. 
+
+Let's work together to detox from the harmful effects of what we all have
+created. I'm considering opening up a Gemini server that other people can have
+accounts on and write about things that interest them.
+
+If you want to get started with Gemini, I suggest taking a look at the main site
+through the Gemini to HTTP proxy [6]. There are some clients listed in the pages
+there, including a _very good_ iOS client that is currently in TestFlight. 
+Please do keep in mind that Gemini is very much a back-button navigation kind of
+experience. The web has made people expect navigation links to be everywhere,
+which can make it a weird/jarring experience at first, but you get used to it.
+You can see evidence of this in my site with all the "Go back" links on each
+page. I'll remove those at some point, but for now I'm going to keep them.
+
+[[6]: Project Gemini](https://portal.mozz.us/gemini/gemini.circumlunar.space/)
+
+Don't be afraid of missing out. It's inevitable. Things happen. It's okay for
+them to happen without you having to see them. They will still be there when you
+look again.

blog/hlang-in-30s-2020-01-04.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+---
+title: hlang in 30 Seconds
+date: 2021-01-04
+series: h
+tags:
+ - satire
+---
+
+# hlang in 30 Seconds
+
+hlang (the h language) is a revolutionary new use of WebAssembly that enables
+single-paridigm programming without any pesky state or memory accessing. The
+simplest program you can use in hlang is the h world program:
+
+```
+h
+```
+
+When run in [the hlang playground](https://h.christine.website/play), you can
+see its output:
+
+```
+h
+```
+
+To get more output, separate multiple h's by spaces:
+
+```
+h h h h
+```
+
+This returns:
+
+```
+h
+h
+h
+h
+```
+
+## Internationalization
+
+For internationalization concerns, hlang also supports the Lojbanic h `'`. You can
+mix h and `'` to your heart's content:
+
+```
+' h '
+```
+
+This returns:
+
+```
+'
+h
+'
+```
+
+Finally an easy solution to your pesky Lojban internationalization problems!
+
+## Errors
+
+For maximum understandability, compiler errors are provided in Lojban. For
+example this error tells you that you have an invalid character at the first
+character of the string:
+
+```
+h: gentoldra fi'o zvati fe li no
+```
+
+Here is an interlinear gloss of that error:
+
+```
+h: gentoldra     fi'o zvati  fe           li         no
+   grammar-wrong existing-at second-place use-number 0
+```
+
+And now you are fully fluent in hlang, the most exciting programming language
+since sliced bread.

blog/how-mara-works-2020-09-30.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+---
+title: "How Mara Works"
+date: 2020-09-30
+tags:
+ - avif
+ - webp
+ - markdown
+---
+
+# How Mara Works
+
+Recently I introduced Mara to this blog and I didn't explain much of the theory
+and implementation behind them in order to proceed with the rest of the post.
+There was actually a significant amount of engineering that went into
+implementing Mara and I'd like to go into detail about this as well as explain
+how I implemented them into this blog.
+
+## Mara's Background
+
+Mara is an anthropomorphic shark. They are nonbinary and go by they/she
+pronouns. Mara enjoys hacking, swimming and is a Chaotic Good Rogue in the
+tabletop games I've played her in. Mara was originally made to help test my
+upcoming tabletop game The Source, and I have used them in a few solitaire
+tabletop sessions (click
+[here](http://cetacean.club/journal/mara-castle-charon.gmi) to read the results
+of one of these).
+
+[I use a hand-soldered <a href="https://www.ergodox.io/">Ergodox</a> with the <a
+href="https://www.artofchording.com/">stenographer</a> layout so I can dab on
+the haters at 200 words per minute!](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+## The Theory
+
+My blogposts have a habit of getting long, wordy and sometimes pretty damn dry.
+I notice that there are usually a few common threads in how this becomes the
+case, so I want to do these three things to help keep things engaging.
+
+1. I go into detail. A lot of detail. This can make paragraphs long and wordy
+   because there is legitimately a lot to cover. [fasterthanlime's Cool Bear's
+   Hot Tip](https://fasterthanli.me/articles/image-decay-as-a-service) is a good
+   way to help Amos focus on the core and let another character bring up the
+   finer details that may go off the core of the message.
+2. I have been looking into how to integrate concepts from [The Socratic
+   method](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socratic_method) into my posts. The
+   Socratic method focuses on dialogue/questions and answers between
+   interlocutors as a way to explore a topic that can be dry or vague.
+3. [Soatok's
+   blog](https://soatok.blog/2020/09/12/edutech-spyware-is-still-spyware-proctorio-edition/)
+   was an inspiration to this. Soatok dives into deep technical topics that can
+   feel like a slog, and inserts some stickers between paragraphs to help keep
+   things upbeat and lively.
+   
+I wanted to make a unique way to help break up walls of text using the concepts
+of Cool Bear's Hot Tip and the Socratic method with some furry art sprinkled in
+and I eventually arrived at Mara.
+
+[Fun fact! My name was originally derived from a <a
+href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mara_(demon)">Buddhist conceptual demon of
+forces antagonistic to enlightenment</a> which is deliciously ironic given that
+my role is to help people understand things now.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+## How Mara is Implemented
+
+I write my blogposts in
+[Markdown](https://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/), specifically a
+dialect that has some niceties from [GitHub flavored
+markdown](https://guides.github.com/features/mastering-markdown/#GitHub-flavored-markdown)
+as parsed by [comrak](https://docs.rs/comrak). Mara's interjections are actually
+specially formed links, such as this:
+
+[Hi! I am saying something!](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+```markdown
+[Hi! I am saying something!](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+```
+
+Notice how the destination URL doesn't actually exist. It's actually intercepted
+in my [markdown parsing
+function](https://github.com/Xe/site/blob/b540631792493169bd41f489c18b7369159d12a9/src/app/markdown.rs#L8)
+and then a [HTML
+template](https://github.com/Xe/site/blob/b540631792493169bd41f489c18b7369159d12a9/templates/mara.rs.html#L1)
+is used to create the divs that make up the image and conversation bits. I have
+intentionally left this open so I can add more characters in the future. I may
+end up making some stickers for myself so I can reply to Mara a-la [this
+blogpost by
+fasterthanlime](https://fasterthanli.me/articles/so-you-want-to-live-reload-rust)
+(search for "What's with the @@GLIBC_2.2.5 suffixes?"). The syntax of the URL is
+as follows:
+
+```
+conversation://<character>/<mood>[?reply]
+```
+
+This will then fetch the images off of my CDN hosted by CloudFlare. However if
+you are using Tor to view my site, this may result in not being able to see the
+images. I am working on ways to solve this. Please bear with me, this stuff is
+hard.
+
+You may have noticed that Mara sometimes has links inside her dialogue.
+Understandably, this is something that vanilla markdown does not support.
+However, I enabled putting raw HTML in my markdown which lets this work anyways!
+Consider this:
+
+[My art was drawn by <a
+href="https://selic.re">Selicre</a>!](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+In the markdown source, that actually looks like this:
+
+```markdown
+[My art was drawn by <a href="https://selic.re">Selicre</a>!](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+```
+
+This is honestly one of my favorite parts of how this is implemented, though
+others I have shown this to say it's kind of terrifying.
+
+### The `<picture>` Element and Image Formats
+
+Something you might notice about the HTML template is that I use the
+[`<picture>`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/picture)
+element like this:
+
+```html
+<picture>
+    <source srcset="https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/stickers/@character.to_lowercase()/@(mood).avif" type="image/avif">
+    <source srcset="https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/stickers/@character.to_lowercase()/@(mood).webp" type="image/webp">
+    <img src="https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/stickers/@character.to_lowercase()/@(mood).png" alt="@character is @mood">
+</picture>
+```
+
+The `<picture>` element allows me to specify multiple versions of the stickers
+and have your browser pick the image format that it supports. It is also fully
+backwards compatible with browsers that do not support `<picture>` and in those
+cases you will see the fallback image in .png format. I went into a lot of
+detail about this in [a twitter
+thread](https://twitter.com/theprincessxena/status/1310358201842401281?s=21),
+but in short here are how each of the formats looks next to its filesize
+information:
+
+![](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/blog/mara_png.png)
+![](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/blog/mara_webp.png)
+![](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/blog/mara_avif.png)
+
+The
+[avif](https://reachlightspeed.com/blog/using-the-new-high-performance-avif-image-format-on-the-web-today/)
+version does have the ugliest quality when blown up, however consider how small
+these stickers will appear on the webpages:
+
+[This is how big the stickers will appear, or is it?](conversation://Mara/hmm)
+
+At these sizes most people will not notice any lingering artifacts unless they
+look closely. However at about 5-6 kilobytes per image I think the smaller
+filesize greatly wins out. This helps keep page loads fast, which is something I
+want to optimize for as it makes people think my website loads quickly.
+
+I go into a lot more detail on the twitter thread, but the commands I use to get
+the webp and avif versions of the stickers are as follows:
+
+```shell
+#!/bin/sh
+
+cwebp \
+      $1.png \
+      -o $1.webp
+avifenc \
+      $1.png \
+      -o $1.avif \
+      -s 0 \
+      -d 8 \
+      --min 48 \
+      --max 48 \
+      --minalpha 48 \
+      --maxalpha 48
+```
+
+I plan to automate this further in the future, but for the scale I am at this
+works fine. These stickers are then uploaded to my cloud storage bucket and
+CloudFlare provides a CDN for them so they can load very quickly.
+
+---
+
+Anyways, this is how Mara is implemented and some of the challenges that went
+into developing them as a feature (while leaving the door open for other
+characters in the future). Mara is here to stay and I have gotten a lot of
+positive feedback about her. 
+
+As a side note, for those of you that are not amused that I am choosing to have
+Mara (and consequentially furry art in general) as a site feature, I can only
+hope that you can learn to respect that as an independent blogger I am free to
+implement my blog (and the content that I am choosing to provide _FOR FREE_ even
+though I've gotten requests to make it paid content) as I see fit. Further
+complaints will only increase the amount of furry art in future posts.
+
+Be well all.

blog/ios-development-pro-tip-for-private-ca-2019-03-22.markdown

@@ -20,9 +20,7 @@ img {
 }
 </style>
 
-<center>
 ![](/static/img/ios_profiles.png)
-</center>
 
 - Go up a level to General
 - Select About
@@ -30,9 +28,7 @@ img {
 - Each root that has been installed via a profile will be listed below the heading Enable Full Trust For Root Certificates
 - Users can toggle on/off trust for each root:
 
-<center>
 ![](/static/img/ios_cert_trust.png)
-</center>
 
 Please understand that by doing this, users will potentially be vulnerable to a
 [HTTPS man in the middle attack a-la Superfish](https://slate.com/technology/2015/02/lenovo-superfish-scandal-why-its-one-of-the-worst-consumer-computing-screw-ups-ever.html). Please ensure that you have appropriate measures in place to keep the signing key for the CA safe.

blog/k8s-pondering-2020-12-31.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+---
+title: Kubernetes Pondering
+date: 2020-12-31
+tags:
+ - k8s
+ - kubernetes
+ - soyoustart
+ - kimsufi
+ - digitalocean
+ - vultr
+---
+
+# Kubernetes Pondering
+
+Right now I am using a freight train to mail a letter when it comes to hosting
+my web applications. If you are reading this post on the day it comes out, then
+you are connected to one of a few replicas of my site code running across at
+least 3 machines in my Kubernetes cluster. This certainly _works_, however it is
+not very ergonomic and ends up being quite expensive.
+
+I think I made a mistake when I decided to put my cards into Kubernetes for my
+personal setup. It made sense at the time (I was trying to learn Kubernetes and
+I am cursed into learning by doing), however I don't think it is really the best
+choice available for my needs. I am not a large company. I am a single person
+making things that are really targeted for myself. I would like to replace this
+setup with something more at my scale. Here are a few options I have been
+exploring combined with their pros and cons.
+
+Here are the services I currently host on my Kubernetes cluster:
+
+- [this site](/)
+- [my git server](https://tulpa.dev)
+- [hlang](https://h.christine.website)
+- A few personal services that I've been meaning to consolidate
+- The [olin demo](https://olin.within.website/)
+- The venerable [printer facts server](https://printerfacts.cetacean.club)
+- A few static websites
+- An IRC server (`irc.within.website`)
+
+My goal in evaluating other options is to reduce cost and complexity. Kubernetes
+is a very complicated system and requires a lot of hand-holding and rejiggering
+to make it do what you want. NixOS, on the other hand, is a lot simpler overall
+and I would like to use it for running my services where I can.
+
+Cost is a huge factor in this. My Kubernetes setup is a money pit. I want to
+prioritize cost reduction as much as possible.
+
+## Option 1: Do Nothing
+
+I could do nothing about this and eat the complexity as a cost of having this
+website and those other services online. However over the year or so I've been
+using Kubernetes I've had to do a lot of hacking at it to get it to do what I
+want. 
+
+I set up the cluster using Terraform and Helm 2. Helm 3 is the current
+(backwards-incompatible) release, and all of the things that are managed by Helm
+2 have resisted being upgraded to Helm 3.
+
+I'm going to say something slightly controversial here, but YAML is a HORRIBLE
+format for configuration. I can't trust myself to write unambiguous YAML. I have
+to reference the spec constantly to make sure I don't have an accidental
+Norway/Ontario bug. I have a Dhall package that takes away most of the pain,
+however it's not flexible enough to describe the entire scope of what my
+services need to do (IE: pinging Google/Bing to update their indexes on each
+deploy), and I don't feel like putting in the time to make it that flexible.
+
+[This is the regex for determining what is a valid boolean value in YAML:
+`y|Y|yes|Yes|YES|n|N|no|No|NO|true|True|TRUE|false|False|FALSE|on|On|ON|off|Off|OFF`.
+This can bite you eventually. See the <a
+href="https://hitchdev.com/strictyaml/why/implicit-typing-removed/">Norway
+Problem</a> for more information.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+I have a tor hidden service endpoint for a few of my services. I have to use an
+[unmaintained tool](https://github.com/kragniz/tor-controller) to manage these
+on Kubernetes. It works _today_, but the Kubernetes operator API could change at
+any time (or the API this uses could be deprecated and removed without much
+warning) and leave me in the dust.
+
+I could live with all of this, however I don't really think it's the best idea
+going forward. There's a bunch of services that I added on top of Kubernetes
+that are dangerous to upgrade and very difficult (if not impossible) to
+downgrade when something goes wrong during the upgrade.
+
+One of the big things that I have with this setup that I would have to rebuild
+in NixOS is the continuous deployment setup. However I've done that before and
+it wouldn't really be that much of an issue to do it again.
+
+NixOS fixes all the jank I mentioned above by making my specifications not have
+to include the version numbers of everything the system already provides. You
+can _actually trust the package repos to have up to date packages_. I don't 
+have to go around and bump the versions of shims and pray they work, because
+with NixOS I don't need them anymore.
+
+## Option 2: NixOS on top of SoYouStart or Kimsufi
+
+This is a doable option. The main problem here would be doing the provision
+step. SoYouStart and Kimsufi (both are offshoot/discount brands of OVH) have
+very little in terms of customization of machine config. They work best when you
+are using "normal" distributions like Ubuntu or CentOS and leave them be. I
+would want to run NixOS on it and would have to do several trial and error runs
+with a tool such as [nixos-infect](https://github.com/elitak/nixos-infect) to
+assimilate the server into running NixOS.
+
+With this option I would get the most storage out of any other option by far. 4
+TB is a _lot_ of space. However, SoYouStart and Kimsufi run decade-old hardware
+at best. I would end up paying a lot for very little in the CPU department. For
+most things I am sure this would be fine, however some of my services can have
+CPU needs that might exceed what second-generation Xeons can provide.
+
+SoYouStart and Kimsufi have weird kernel versions though. The last SoYouStart
+dedi I used ran Fedora and was gimped with a grsec kernel by default. I had to
+end up writing [this gem of a systemd service on
+boot](https://github.com/Xe/dotfiles/blob/master/ansible/roles/soyoustart/files/conditional-kexec.sh)
+which did a [`kexec`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kexec) to boot into a
+non-gimped kernel on boot. It was a huge hack and somehow worked every time. I
+was still afraid to reboot the machine though.
+
+Sure is a lot of ram for the cost though.
+
+## Option 3: NixOS on top of Digital Ocean
+
+This shares most of the problems as the SoYouStart or Kimsufi nodes. However,
+nixos-infect is known to have a higher success rate on Digital Ocean droplets.
+It would be really nice if Digital Ocean let you upload arbitrary ISO files and
+go from there, but that is apparently not the world we live in.
+
+8 GB of ram would be _way more than enough_ for what I am doing with these
+services.
+
+## Option 4: NixOS on top of Vultr
+
+Vultr is probably my top pick for this. You can upload an arbitrary ISO file,
+kick off your VPS from it and install it like normal. I have a little shell
+server shared between some friends built on top of such a Vultr node. It works
+beautifully.
+
+The fact that it has the same cost as the Digital Ocean droplet just adds to the
+perfection of this option.
+
+## Costs
+
+Here is the cost table I've drawn up while comparing these options:
+
+| Option        | Ram                | Disk                                  | Cost per month  | Hacks        |
+| :---------    | :----------------- | :------------------------------------ | :-------------- | :----------- |
+| Do nothing    | 6 GB (4 GB usable) | Not really usable, volumes cost extra | $60/month       | Very Yes     |
+| SoYouStart    | 32 GB              | 2x2TB SAS                             | $40/month       | Yes          |
+| Kimsufi       | 32 GB              | 2x2TB SAS                             | $35/month       | Yes          |
+| Digital Ocean | 8 GB               | 160 GB SSD                            | $40/month       | On provision |
+| Vultr         | 8 GB               | 160 GB SSD                            | $40/month       | No           |
+
+I think I am going to go with the Vultr option. I will need to modernize some of
+my services to support being deployed in NixOS in order to do this, however I
+think that I will end up creating a more robust setup in the process. At least I
+will create a setup that allows me to more easily maintain my own backups rather
+than just relying on DigitalOcean snapshots and praying like I do with the
+Kubernetes setup.
+
+Thanks farcaller, Marbles, John Rinehart and others for reviewing this post
+prior to it being published. 

blog/kalama-pali-pi-kulupu-Kala-2020-10-12.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+---
+title: kalama pali pi kulupu Kala
+date: 2020-10-12
+tags:
+ - 100DaysToOffload
+---
+
+# kalama pali pi kulupu Kala
+
+I've wanted to write a novel for a while, and I think I've finally got a solid
+idea for it. I want to write about the good guys winning against an oppressive
+system. I've been letting the ideas and thoughts marinate in my heart for a long
+time; these short stories are how I am exploring the world and other related
+concepts. I want to use language as a tool in this world. So here is my take on
+a creation myth for the main species of this world, the Kala (the title of this
+post roughly translates to "creation story of the Kala").
+
+This is day 2 of my 100 days to offload.
+
+---
+
+In the beginning, the gods roamed the skies. Pali, Sona and Soweli talked and
+talked about their plans. 
+
+tenpo wan la sewi li lon e sewi. sewi Pali en sewi Sona en sewi Soweli li toki.
+
+Soweli went down to the world Pali had created. Animals of all kinds followed
+them as Soweli moved about the earth.
+
+sewi Soweli li tawa e sike. soweli li kama e sike.
+
+Sona followed and went towards the whales. Sona took a liking to how graceful
+they were in the water, and decided to have them be the arbiters of knowledge.
+Sona also reshaped them to look like the gods did. The Kala people resulted.
+
+sewi Sona li tawa e soweli sike. sewi Sona li tawa e kala suli. sewi Sona li
+lukin li pona e kala suli. sewi Sona li pana e sona e kon tawa kala suli. sewi
+Sona li pali e jan kama kala suli. kulupu Kala li lon.
+
+Pali had created the entire world, so Pali fell into a deep slumber in the
+ocean.
+
+tenpo pini la sewi Pali li pali e sike. sewi Pali li lape lon telo suli. 
+
+Soweli had created all of the animals on the whole world, so Soweli fell asleep
+in Soweli mountain.
+
+tenpo pini la sewi Soweli li pali e soweli ale. sewi Soweli li lape e nena Soweli.
+
+Sona lifted themselves into the skies to watch the Kala from above. Sona keeps
+an eye on us to make sure we are using their gift responsibly.
+
+sewi Sona li tawa e sewi. sewi Sona li lukin e kulupu Kala. kulupu Kala li jo
+sona li jo toki. kulupu Kala li pona e sewi Sona.

blog/ln-the-natural-logger-2020-10-17.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+---
+title: "ln - The Natural Log Function"
+date: 2020-10-17
+tags:
+ - golang
+ - go
+---
+
+# ln - The Natural Log Function
+
+One of the most essential things in software is a good interface for logging
+data to places. Logging is a surprisingly hard problem and there are many
+approaches to doing it. This time, we're going to talk about my favorite logging
+library in Go that uses my favorite function I've ever written in Go.
+
+Today we're talking about [ln](https://github.com/Xe/ln), the natural log
+function. ln works with key value pairs and logs them to somewhere. By default
+it logs things to standard out. Here is how you use it:
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+  "context"
+
+  "within.website/ln"
+)
+
+func main() {
+  ctx := context.Background()
+  ln.Log(ctx, ln.Fmt("hello %s", "world"), ln.F{"demo": "usage"})
+}
+```
+
+ln works with key value pairs called [F](https://godoc.org/within.website/ln#F).
+This type allows you to log just about _anything_ you want, including custom
+data types with an [Fer](https://godoc.org/within.website/ln#Fer). This will let
+you annotate your data types so that you can automatically extract the important
+information into your logs while automatically filtering out passwords or other
+secret data. Here's an example:
+
+```go
+type User struct {
+  ID       int
+  Username string
+  Password []byte
+}
+
+func (u User) F() ln.F {
+	return ln.F{
+		"user_id":       u.ID,
+		"user_name": u.Username,
+	}
+}
+```
+
+Then if you create that user somehow, you can log the ID and username without
+logging the password on accident:
+
+```go
+var theDude User = abides()
+
+ln.Log(ctx, ln.Info("created new user"), theDude)
+```
+
+This will create a log line that looks something like this:
+
+```
+level=info msg="created new user" user_name="The Dude" user_id=1337
+```
+
+[You can also put values in contexts! See <a
+href="https://github.com/Xe/ln/blob/master/ex/http.go#L21">here</a> for more
+detail on how this works.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+The way this is all glued together is that F itself is an Fer, meaning that the
+Log/Error functions take a variadic set of Fers. This is where my favorite Go
+function comes into play, it is the implementation of the Fer interface for F.
+Here is that function verbatim:
+
+```go
+// F makes F an Fer
+func (f F) F() F {
+	return f
+}
+```
+
+I love how this function looks like some kind of abstract art. This function
+holds this library together.
+
+If you end up using ln for your projects in the future, please let me know what
+your experience is like. I would love to make this library the best it can
+possibly be. It is not a nanosecond scale zero allocation library (I think those
+kind of things are a bit of a waste of time, because most of the time your
+logging library is NOT going to be your bottleneck), but it is designed to have
+very usable defaults and solve the problem good enough that you shouldn't need
+to care. There are a few useful tools in the
+[ex](https://godoc.org/within.website/ln/ex) package nested in ln. The biggest
+thing is the HTTP middleware, which has saved me a lot of effort when writing
+web services in Go.

blog/mara-sh0rk-of-justice-2020-12-28.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+---
+title: "Mara: Sh0rk of Justice: Version 1.0.0 Released"
+date: 2020-12-28
+tags:
+ - gameboy
+ - gbstudio
+ - indiedev
+---
+
+# Mara: Sh0rk of Justice: Version 1.0.0 Released
+
+Over the long weekend I found out about a program called [GB Studio](https://www.gbstudio.dev).
+It's a simple drag-and-drop interface that you can use to make homebrew games for the
+[Nintendo Game Boy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_Boy). I was intrigued and I had
+some time, so I set out to make a little top-down adventure game. After a few days of
+tinkering I came up with an idea and created Mara: Sh0rk of Justice.
+
+[You made a game about me? :D](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+> Guide Mara through the spooky dungeon in order to find all of its secrets. Seek out
+> the secrets of the spooks! Defeat the evil mage! Solve the puzzles! Find the items 
+> of power! It's up you to save us all, Mara!
+
+You can play it in an `<iframe>` on itch.io!
+
+<iframe frameborder="0" src="https://itch.io/embed/866982?dark=true" width="552" height="167"><a href="https://withinstudios.itch.io/mara-sh0rk-justice">Mara: Sh0rk of Justice by Within</a></iframe>
+
+## Things I Learned
+
+Game development is hard. Even with tools that help you do it, there's a limit to how
+much you can get done at once. Everything links together. You really need to test
+things both in isolation and as a cohesive whole.
+
+I cannot compose music to save my life. I used free-to-use music assets from the
+[GB Studio Community Assets](https://github.com/DeerTears/GB-Studio-Community-Assets)
+pack to make this game. I think I managed to get everything acceptable.
+
+GB Studio is rather inflexible. It feels like it's there to really help you get
+started from a template. Even though you can make the whole game from inside GB
+Studio, I probably should have ejected the engine to source code so I could
+customize some things like the jump button being weird in platforming sections.
+
+Pixel art is an art of its own. I used a lot of free to use assets from itch.io for
+the tileset and a few NPC's. The rest was created myself using
+[Aseprite](https://www.aseprite.org). Getting Mara's walking animation to a point
+that I thought was acceptable was a chore. I found a nice compromise though.
+
+---
+
+Overall I'm happy with the result as a whole. Try it out, see how you like it and
+please do let me know what I can improve on for the future.

blog/maybedoer-2020-05-23.markdown

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ I recently posted (a variant of) this image of some Go source code to Twitter
 and it spawned some interesting conversations about what it does, how it works
 and why it needs to exist in the first place:
 
-<center>![the source code of package maybedoer](/static/blog/maybedoer.png)</center>
+![the source code of package maybedoer](/static/blog/maybedoer.png)
 
 This file is used to sequence functions that could fail together, allowing you
 to avoid doing an `if err != nil` check on every single fallible function call.

blog/minicompiler-lexing-2020-10-29.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,397 @@
+---
+title: "Minicompiler: Lexing"
+date: 2020-10-29
+series: rust
+tags:
+ - rust
+ - templeos
+ - compiler
+---
+
+# Minicompiler: Lexing
+
+I've always wanted to make my own compiler. Compilers are an integral part of
+my day to day job and I use the fruits of them constantly. A while ago while I
+was browsing through the TempleOS source code I found
+[MiniCompiler.HC][minicompiler] in the `::/Demos/Lectures` folder and I was a
+bit blown away. It implements a two phase compiler from simple math expressions
+to AMD64 bytecode (complete with bit-banging it to an array that the code later
+jumps to) and has a lot to teach about how compilers work. For those of you that
+don't have a TempleOS VM handy, here is a video of MiniCompiler.HC in action:
+
+[minicompiler]: https://github.com/Xe/TempleOS/blob/master/Demo/Lectures/MiniCompiler.HC
+
+<video controls width="100%">
+    <source src="https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/img/minicompiler/tmp.YDcgaHSb3z.webm"
+            type="video/webm">
+    <source src="https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/img/minicompiler/tmp.YDcgaHSb3z.mp4"
+            type="video/mp4">
+    Sorry, your browser doesn't support embedded videos.
+</video>
+
+You put in a math expression, the compiler builds it and then spits out a bunch
+of assembly and runs it to return the result. In this series we are going to be
+creating an implementation of this compiler that targets [WebAssembly][wasm].
+This compiler will be written in Rust and will use only the standard library for
+everything but the final bytecode compilation and execution phase. There is a
+lot going on here, so I expect this to be at least a three part series. The
+source code will be in [Xe/minicompiler][Xemincompiler] in case you want to read
+it in detail. Follow along and let's learn some Rust on the way!
+
+[wasm]: https://webassembly.org/
+[Xemincompiler]: https://github.com/Xe/minicompiler
+
+[Compilers for languages like C are built on top of the fundamentals here, but
+they are _much_ more complicated.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+## Description of the Language
+
+This language uses normal infix math expressions on whole numbers. Here are a
+few examples:
+
+- `2 + 2`
+- `420 * 69`
+- `(34 + 23) / 38 - 42`
+- `(((34 + 21) / 5) - 12) * 348`
+
+Ideally we should be able to nest the parentheses as deep as we want without any
+issues. 
+
+Looking at these values we can notice a few patterns that will make parsing this
+a lot easier:
+
+- There seems to be only 4 major parts to this language:
+  - numbers
+  - math operators
+  - open parentheses
+  - close parentheses
+- All of the math operators act identically and take two arguments
+- Each program is one line long and ends at the end of the line
+
+Let's turn this description into Rust code:
+
+## Bringing in Rust
+
+Make a new project called `minicompiler` with a command that looks something
+like this:
+
+```console
+$ cargo new minicompiler
+```
+
+This will create a folder called `minicompiler` and a file called `src/main.rs`.
+Open that file in your editor and copy the following into it:
+
+```rust
+// src/main.rs
+
+/// Mathematical operations that our compiler can do.
+#[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
+enum Op {
+    Mul,
+    Div,
+    Add,
+    Sub,
+}
+
+/// All of the possible tokens for the compiler, this limits the compiler
+/// to simple math expressions.
+#[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
+enum Token {
+    EOF,
+    Number(i32),
+    Operation(Op),
+    LeftParen,
+    RightParen,
+}
+```
+
+[In compilers, "tokens" refer to the individual parts of the language you are
+working with. In this case every token represents every possible part of a
+program.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+And then let's start a function that can turn a program string into a bunch of
+tokens:
+
+```rust
+// src/main.rs
+
+fn lex(input: &str) -> Vec<Token> {
+    todo!("implement this");
+}
+```
+
+[Wait, what do you do about bad input such as things that are not math expressions?
+Shouldn't this function be able to fail?](conversation://Mara/hmm)
+
+You're right! Let's make a little error type that represents bad input. For
+creativity's sake let's call it `BadInput`:
+
+```rust
+// src/main.rs
+
+use std::error::Error;
+use std::fmt;
+
+/// The error that gets returned on bad input. This only tells the user that it's
+/// wrong because debug information is out of scope here. Sorry.
+#[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
+struct BadInput;
+
+// Errors need to be displayable.
+impl fmt::Display for BadInput {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "something in your input is bad, good luck")
+    }
+}
+
+// The default Error implementation will do here.
+impl Error for BadInput {}
+```
+
+And then let's adjust the type of `lex()` to compensate for this:
+
+```rust
+// src/main.rs
+
+fn lex(input: &str) -> Result<Vec<Token>, BadInput> {
+    todo!("implement this");
+}
+```
+
+So now that we have the function type we want, let's start implementing `lex()`
+by setting up the result and a loop over the characters in the input string:
+
+```rust
+// src/main.rs
+
+fn lex(input: &str) -> Result<Vec<Token>, BadInput> {
+    let mut result: Vec<Token> = Vec::new();
+    
+    for character in input.chars() {
+        todo!("implement this");
+    }
+
+    Ok(result)
+}
+```
+
+Looking at the examples from earlier we can start writing some boilerplate to
+turn characters into tokens:
+
+```rust
+// src/main.rs
+
+// ...
+
+for character in input.chars() {
+    match character {
+        // Skip whitespace
+        ' ' => continue,
+
+        // Ending characters
+        ';' | '\n' => {
+            result.push(Token::EOF);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        // Math operations
+        '*' => result.push(Token::Operation(Op::Mul)),
+        '/' => result.push(Token::Operation(Op::Div)),
+        '+' => result.push(Token::Operation(Op::Add)),
+        '-' => result.push(Token::Operation(Op::Sub)),
+
+        // Parentheses
+        '(' => result.push(Token::LeftParen),
+        ')' => result.push(Token::RightParen),
+
+        // Numbers
+        '0' | '1' | '2' | '3' | '4' | '5' | '6' | '7' | '8' | '9' => {
+            todo!("implement number parsing")
+        }
+
+        // Everything else is bad input
+        _ => return Err(BadInput),
+    }
+}
+
+// ...
+```
+
+[Ugh, you're writing `Token::` and `Op::` a lot. Is there a way to simplify
+that?](conversation://Mara/hmm)
+
+Yes! enum variants can be shortened to their names with a `use` statement like
+this:
+
+```rust
+// src/main.rs
+
+// ...
+
+use Op::*;
+use Token::*;
+
+match character {
+    // ...
+
+    // Math operations
+    '*' => result.push(Operation(Mul)),
+    '/' => result.push(Operation(Div)),
+    '+' => result.push(Operation(Add)),
+    '-' => result.push(Operation(Sub)),
+
+    // Parentheses
+    '(' => result.push(LeftParen),
+    ')' => result.push(RightParen),
+
+    // ...
+}
+    
+// ...
+```
+
+Which looks a _lot_ better.
+
+[You can use the `use` statement just about anywhere in your program. However to
+keep things flowing nicer, the `use` statement is right next to where it is
+needed in these examples.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+Now we can get into the fun that is parsing numbers. When he wrote MiniCompiler,
+Terry Davis used an approach that is something like this (spacing added for readability):
+
+```c
+case '0'...'9':
+  i = 0;
+  do {
+    i = i * 10 + *src - '0';
+    src++;
+  } while ('0' <= *src <= '9');
+  *num=i;
+```
+
+This sets an intermediate variable `i` to 0 and then consumes characters from
+the input string as long as they are between `'0'` and `'9'`. As a neat side
+effect of the numbers being input in base 10, you can conceptualize `40` as `(4 *
+10) + 2`. So it multiplies the old digit by 10 and then adds the new digit to
+the resulting number. Our setup doesn't let us get that fancy as easily, however
+we can emulate it with a bit of stack manipulation according to these rules:
+
+- If `result` is empty, push this number to result and continue lexing the
+  program
+- Pop the last item in `result` and save it as `last`
+- If `last` is a number, multiply that number by 10 and add the current number
+  to it
+- Otherwise push the node back into `result` and push the current number to
+  `result` as well
+  
+Translating these rules to Rust, we get this:
+
+```rust
+// src/main.rs
+
+// ...
+
+// Numbers
+'0' | '1' | '2' | '3' | '4' | '5' | '6' | '7' | '8' | '9' => {
+    let num: i32 = (character as u8 - '0' as u8) as i32;
+    if result.len() == 0 {
+        result.push(Number(num));
+        continue;
+    }
+
+    let last = result.pop().unwrap();
+
+    match last {
+        Number(i) => {
+            result.push(Number((i * 10) + num));
+        }
+        _ => {
+            result.push(last);
+            result.push(Number(num));
+        }
+    }
+}
+            
+// ...
+```
+
+[This is not the most robust number parsing code in the world, however it will
+suffice for now. Extra credit if you can identify the edge
+cases!](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+This should cover the tokens for the language. Let's write some tests to be sure
+everything is working the way we think it is!
+
+## Testing
+
+Rust has a [robust testing
+framework](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch11-00-testing.html) built into the
+standard library. We can use it here to make sure we are generating tokens
+correctly. Let's add the following to the bottom of `main.rs`:
+
+```rust
+#[cfg(test)] // tells the compiler to only build this code when tests are being run
+mod tests {
+    use super::{Op::*, Token::*, *};
+
+    // registers the following function as a test function
+    #[test]
+    fn basic_lexing() {
+        assert!(lex("420 + 69").is_ok());
+        assert!(lex("tacos are tasty").is_err());
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            lex("420 + 69"),
+            Ok(vec![Number(420), Operation(Add), Number(69)])
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            lex("(30 + 560) / 4"),
+            Ok(vec![
+                LeftParen,
+                Number(30),
+                Operation(Add),
+                Number(560),
+                RightParen,
+                Operation(Div),
+                Number(4)
+            ])
+        );
+    }
+}
+```
+
+This test can and probably should be expanded on, but when we run `cargo test`:
+
+```console
+$ cargo test
+   Compiling minicompiler v0.1.0 (/home/cadey/code/Xe/minicompiler)
+
+    Finished test [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.22s
+     Running target/debug/deps/minicompiler-03cad314858b0419
+
+running 1 test
+test tests::basic_lexing ... ok
+
+test result: ok. 1 passed; 0 failed; 0 ignored; 0 measured; 0 filtered out
+```
+
+And hey presto! We verified that all of the parsing is working correctly. Those
+test cases should be sufficient to cover all of the functionality of the
+language. 
+
+---
+
+This is it for part 1. We covered a lot today. Next time we are going to run a
+validation pass on the program, convert the infix expressions to reverse polish
+notation and then also get started on compiling that to WebAssembly. This has
+been fun so far and I hope you were able to learn from it.
+
+Special thanks to the following people for reviewing this post:
+ - Steven Weeks
+ - sirpros
+ - Leonora Tindall
+ - Chetan Conikee
+ - Pablo
+ - boopstrap
+ - ash2x3

blog/musings-from-within-release-2020-07-28.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+---
+title: "Book Release: Musings from Within"
+date: 2020-07-28
+tags:
+ - release
+ - book
+ - musingsfromwithin
+---
+
+# Book Release: Musings from Within
+
+I am happy to announce that I have successfully created an eBook compilation of
+the best of the posts on this blog plus a bunch of writing I have never before
+made public, and the result is now available for purchase on
+[itch.io](https://withinstudios.itch.io/musings-from-within) and the Kindle
+Store (TODO(Xe): add kindle link here when it gets approved) for USD$5. This
+book is the product of 5 years of effort writing, getting better at writing,
+failing at writing and everything inbetween.
+
+I have collected the following essays, poems, recipes and stories:
+
+- Against Label Permanence
+- A Letter to Those Who Bullied Me
+- All There is is Now
+- Alone
+- Barrier
+- Bricks
+- Chaos Magick Debugging
+- Chicken Stir Fry
+- Creator’s Mission
+- Death
+- Died to Save Me
+- Don't Look Into the Light
+- Every Koan Ever
+- Final Chapter
+- Gratitude
+- h
+- How HTTP Requests Work
+- Humanity
+- I Love
+- Instant Pot Quinoa Taco Bowls
+- Instant Pot Spaghetti
+- I Put Words on this Webpage so You Have to Listen to Me Now
+- I Remember
+- It Is Free
+- Listen to Your Rubber Duck
+- MrBeast is Postmodern Gold
+- My Experience Cursing Out God
+- Narrative of Sickness
+- One Day
+- Plurality-Driven Development
+- Practical Kasmakfa
+- Questions
+- Second Go Around
+- Self
+- Sorting Time
+- Tarot for Hackers
+- The Gears and The Gods
+- The Origin of h
+- The Service is Already Down
+- The Story of Hol
+- The Sumerian Creation Myth
+- Toast Sandwich Recipe
+- Untitled Cyberpunk Furry Story
+- We Exist
+- What It’s Like to Be Me
+- When Then Zen
+- When Then Zen: Anapana
+- When Then Zen: Wonderland Immersion
+- You Are Fine
+
+Most of these are available on this site, but a good portion of them are not
+available anywhere else. There's poetry about shamanism, stories about
+reincarnation, koans and more.
+
+I am also uploading eBook files to my [Patreon](https://patreon.com/cadey) page,
+anyone who supports me for $1 or more has [immediate
+access](https://www.patreon.com/posts/39825969)
+to the DRM-free ePub, MOBIPocket and PDF files of this book.
+
+If you are facing financial difficulties, want to read my book and just simply
+cannot afford it, please [contact me](/contact) and I will send you my book free
+of charge.
+
+Feedback and reviews of this book are more than welcome. If you decide to tweet
+or toot about it, please use the hashtag `#musingsfromwithin` so I can collect
+them into future updates to the description of the store pages, as well as
+assemble them below.
+
+Enjoy the book! My hope is that you get as much from it as I've gotten from
+writing these things for the last 5 or so years. Here's to five more. I'll
+likely create another anthology/collection of them at that point.

blog/my-career-in-dates-titles-salaries-2019-03-14.markdown

@@ -40,7 +40,8 @@ The following table is a history of my software career by title, date and salary
 | Software Engineer | August 24, 2016 | November 22, 2016 | 90 days | 21 days | $105,000/year | Terminated |
 | Consultant | Feburary 13, 2017 | November 13, 2017 | 273 days | 83 days | don't remember | Hired |
 | Senior Software Engineer | November 13, 2017 | March 8, 2019 | 480 days | 0 days | $150,000/year | Voulntary quit |
-| Senior Site Reliability Expert | May 6, 2019 | (will be current) | n/a | n/a | CAD$115,000/year (about USD$ 80k and change) | n/a |
+| Senior Site Reliability Expert | May 6, 2019 | October 27, 2020 | 540 days | 48 days | CAD$115,000/year (about USD$ 80k and change) | Voluntary quit |
+| Software Designer | December 14, 2020 | *current* | n/a | n/a | CAD$135,000/year (about USD$ 105k and change) | n/a |
 
 Even though I've been fired three times, I don't regret my career as it's been
 thus far. I've been able to work on experimental technology integrating into

blog/new-adventures-2020-10-24.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+---
+title: "Life Update: New Adventures"
+date: 2020-10-24
+tags:
+ - personal
+---
+
+# Life Update: New Adventures
+
+Today was my last day at my job, and as of the time that I have published this
+post, I am now inbetween jobs. I have had an adventure at Lightspeed, but all
+things must come to an end and my adventure has come to an end there. I have a
+new job lined up and I will be heading to it soon, but for the meantime I plan
+to relax and decompress.
+
+I want to finish that tabletop RPG book I have prototyped out. When I have
+something closer to a cohesive book I will post something on my
+[patreon](https://www.patreon.com/cadey) so that you all can take a look. Any
+and all feedback would be very appreciated. I hope to have it published on my
+[Itch page](https://withinstudios.itch.io/) by the end of this year. My target
+is on or about $5 for the game manual and supplemental material.
+
+Thanks for reading; no, seriously, thank you. Without people like you that
+read and share articles on this blog I would never have gotten to the level of
+success that I have now. Additionally, I would like to emphasize that I am fine
+as far as new jobs go. I have primary and fallback plans in place, but if they
+all somehow fall through I will be sure to put up a note here. Please be sure to
+check out [/signalboost](/signalboost) for people to consider when making hiring
+decisions.
+
+## May Our Paths Cross Again: My Farewell Letter to Lightspeed
+
+Hey all,
+
+Today is my last day at Lightspeed. Working at Lightspeed has been catalytic to
+my career. I have been exposed to so many people from so many backgrounds and
+you all have irreparably changed me for the better and given me the space to
+thrive. There is passion here, and it is being tapped in order to create
+fantastic solutions for our customers to enable them to succeed. I originally
+came to Montréal to live with my fiancé and if Covid had struck a week later he
+would be my husband.
+
+However, I feel that I have done as much as I can at Lightspeed and our paths
+thusly need to divide. I have gotten a fantastic opportunity and I will be
+working on technology that will become a foundational part of personal and
+professional IP networking over WireGuard for many companies and people. I'm
+sorry if this comes as a shock to anyone, I don't mean to cause anyone grief
+with this move.
+
+I have been attaching a little poem in Lojban to the signature of my emails,
+here is it and its translation:
+
+```
+la budza pu cusku lu
+  <<.i ko do snura .i ko do kanro
+    .i ko do panpi .i ko do gleki>> li'u
+```
+
+> May you be safe. May you be healthy. 
+> May you be at peace. May you be happy.
+- Buddha
+
+I will be reachable on the internet. See https://christine.website/contact to
+see contact information that will help you reach out to me. If you can, please
+direct replies to me@christine.website, that way I can read them after this
+account gets disabled.
+
+I hope I was able to brighten your path.
+
+From my world to yours,
+
+--
+
+Christine Dodrill
+https://christine.website
+
+```
+la budza pu cusku lu
+  <<.i ko do snura .i ko do kanro
+    .i ko do panpi .i ko do gleki>> li'u
+```

blog/new-gpg-key-2021-01-15.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+title: New PGP Key Fingerprint
+date: 2021-01-15
+---
+
+# New PGP Key Fingerprint
+
+This morning I got an encrypted email, and in the process of trying to decrypt
+it I discovered that I had _lost_ my PGP key. I have no idea how I lost it. As
+such, I have created a new PGP key and replaced the one on my website with it.
+I did the replacement in [this
+commit](https://github.com/Xe/site/commit/66233bcd40155cf71e221edf08851db39dbd421c),
+which you can see is verified with a subkey of my new key.
+
+My new PGP key ID is `803C 935A E118 A224`. The key with the ID `799F 9134 8118
+1111` should not be used anymore. Here are all the subkey fingerprints:
+
+```
+Signature key ....: 378E BFC6 3D79 B49D 8C36  448C 803C 935A E118 A224
+      created ....: 2021-01-15 13:04:28
+Encryption key....: 8C61 7F30 F331 D21B 5517  6478 8C5C 9BC7 0FC2 511E
+      created ....: 2021-01-15 13:04:28
+Authentication key: 7BF7 E531 ABA3 7F77 FD17  8F72 CE17 781B F55D E945
+      created ....: 2021-01-15 13:06:20
+General key info..: pub  rsa2048/803C935AE118A224 2021-01-15 Christine Dodrill (Yubikey) <me@christine.website>
+sec>  rsa2048/803C935AE118A224  created: 2021-01-15  expires: 2031-01-13
+                                card-no: 0006 03646872
+ssb>  rsa2048/8C5C9BC70FC2511E  created: 2021-01-15  expires: 2031-01-13
+                                card-no: 0006 03646872
+ssb>  rsa2048/CE17781BF55DE945  created: 2021-01-15  expires: 2031-01-13
+                                card-no: 0006 03646872
+```
+
+I don't really know what the proper way is to go about revoking an old PGP key.
+It probably doesn't help that I don't use PGP very often. I think this is the
+first encrypted email I've gotten in a year.
+
+Let's hope that I don't lose this key as easily!

blog/nixops-services-2020-11-09.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,317 @@
+---
+title: Nixops Services on Your Home Network
+date: 2020-11-09
+series: howto
+tags:
+ - nixos
+ - systemd
+---
+
+# Nixops Services on Your Home Network
+
+My homelab has a few NixOS machines. Right now they mostly run services inside
+Docker, because that has been what I have done for years. This works fine, but
+persistent state gets annoying*. NixOS has a tool called
+[Nixops](https://releases.nixos.org/nixops/nixops-1.7/manual/manual.html) that
+allows you to push configurations to remote machines. I use this for managing my
+fleet of machines, and today I'm going to show you how to create service
+deployments with Nixops and push them to your servers.
+
+[Pedantically, Docker offers <a
+href="https://releases.nixos.org/nixops/nixops-1.7/manual/manual.html">volumes</a>
+to simplify this, but it is very easy to accidentally delete Docker volumes.
+Plain disk files like we are going to use today are a bit simpler than docker
+volumes, and thusly a bit harder to mess up.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+## Parts of a Service
+
+For this example, let's deploy a chatbot. To make things easier, let's assume
+the following about this chatbot:
+
+- The chatbot has a git repo somewhere
+- The chatbot's git repo has a `default.nix` that builds the service and
+  includes any supporting files it might need
+- The chatbot reads its configuration from environment variables which may
+  contain secret values (API keys, etc.)
+- The chatbot stores any temporary files in its current working directory
+- The chatbot is "well-behaved" (for some definition of "well-behaved")
+
+I will also need to assume that you have a git repo (or at least a folder) with
+all of your configuration similar to [mine](https://github.com/Xe/nixos-configs).
+
+For this example I'm going to use [withinbot](https://github.com/Xe/withinbot)
+as the service we will deploy via Nixops. withinbot is a chatbot that I use on
+my own Discord guild that does a number of vital functions including supplying
+amusing facts about printers:
+
+```
+     <Cadey~> ~printerfact
+<Within[BOT]> @Cadey~ Printers, especially older printers, do get cancer. Many
+              times this disease can be treated successfully
+```
+
+[To get your own amusing facts about printers, see <a
+href="https://printerfacts.cetacean.club">here</a> or for using its API, call <a
+href="https://printerfacts.cetacean.club/fact">`/fact`</a>. This API has no
+practical rate limits, but please don't test that.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+## Service Definition
+
+We will need to do a few major things for defining this service:
+
+1. Add the bot code as a package
+1. Create a "services" folder for the service modules
+1. Create a user account for the service
+1. Set up a systemd unit for the service
+1. Configure the secrets using [Nixops
+   keys](https://releases.nixos.org/nixops/nixops-1.7/manual/manual.html#idm140737322342384)
+
+### Add the Code as a Package
+
+In order for the program to be installed to the remote system, you need to tell
+the system how to import it. There's many ways to do this, but the cheezy way is
+to add the packages to
+[`nixpkgs.config.packageOverrides`](https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/#sec-customising-packages)
+like this:
+
+```nix
+nixpkgs.config = {
+  packageOverrides = pkgs: {
+    within = {
+      withinbot = import (builtins.fetchTarball 
+        "https://github.com/Xe/withinbot/archive/main.tar.gz") { };
+    };
+  };
+};
+```
+
+And now we can access it as `pkgs.within.withinbot` in the rest of our config.
+
+[In production circumstances you should probably use <a
+href="https://nixos.org/manual/nixpkgs/stable/#chap-pkgs-fetchers">a fetcher
+that locks to a specific version</a> using unique URLs and hashing, but this
+will work enough to get us off the ground in this
+example.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+### Create a "services" Folder
+
+In your configuration folder, create a folder that you will use for these
+service definitions. I made mine in `common/services`. In that folder, create a
+`default.nix` with the following contents:
+
+```nix
+{ config, lib, ... }:
+
+{
+  imports = [ ./withinbot.nix ];
+
+  users.groups.within = {};
+}
+```
+
+The group listed here is optional, but I find that having a group like that can
+help you better share resources and files between services.
+
+Now we need a folder for storing secrets. Let's create that under the services
+folder:
+
+```console
+$ mkdir secrets
+```
+
+And let's also add a gitignore file so that we don't accidentally commit these
+secrets to the repo:
+
+```gitignore
+# common/services/secrets/.gitignore
+*
+```
+
+Now we can put any secrets we want in the secrets folder without the risk of
+committing them to the git repo.
+
+### Service Manifest
+
+Let's create `withinbot.nix` and set it up:
+
+```nix
+{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }:
+with lib; {
+  options.within.services.withinbot.enable =
+    mkEnableOption "Activates Withinbot (the furryhole chatbot)";
+
+  config = mkIf config.within.services.withinbot.enable {
+    
+  };
+}
+```
+
+This sets up an option called `within.services.withinbot.enable` which will only
+add the service configuration if that option is set to `true`. This will allow
+us to define a lot of services that are available, but none of their config will
+be active unless they are explicitly enabled.
+
+Now, let's create a user account for the service:
+
+```nix
+# ...
+  config = ... {
+    users.users.withinbot = {
+      createHome = true;
+      description = "github.com/Xe/withinbot";
+      isSystemUser = true;
+      group = "within";
+      home = "/srv/within/withinbot";
+      extraGroups = [ "keys" ];
+    };
+  };
+# ...
+```
+
+This will create a user named `withinbot` with the home directory
+`/srv/within/withinbot`, the group `within` and also in the group `keys` so the
+withinbot user can read deployment secrets. 
+
+Now let's add the deployment secrets to the configuration:
+
+```nix
+# ...
+  config = ... {
+    users.users.withinbot = { ... };
+    
+    deployment.keys.withinbot = {
+      text = builtins.readFile ./secrets/withinbot.env;
+      user = "withinbot";
+      group = "within";
+      permissions = "0640";
+    };
+  };
+# ...
+```
+
+Assuming you have the configuration at `./secrets/withinbot.env`, this will
+register the secrets into `/run/keys/withinbot` and also create a systemd
+oneshot service named `withinbot-key`. This allows you to add the secret's
+existence as a condition for withinbot to run. However, Nixops puts these keys
+in `/run`, which by default is mounted using a temporary memory-only filesystem,
+meaning these keys will need to be re-added to machines when they are rebooted.
+Fortunately, `nixops reboot` will automatically add the keys back after the
+reboot succeeds.
+
+Now that we have everything else we need, let's add the service configuration:
+
+```nix
+# ...
+  config = ... {
+    users.users.withinbot = { ... };
+    deployment.keys.withinbot = { ... };
+    
+    systemd.services.withinbot = {
+      wantedBy = [ "multi-user.target" ];
+      after = [ "withinbot-key.service" ];
+      wants = [ "withinbot-key.service" ];
+
+      serviceConfig = {
+        User = "withinbot";
+        Group = "within";
+        Restart = "on-failure"; # automatically restart the bot when it dies
+        WorkingDirectory = "/srv/within/withinbot";
+        RestartSec = "30s";
+      };
+
+      script = let withinbot = pkgs.within.withinbot;
+      in ''
+        # load the environment variables from /run/keys/withinbot
+        export $(grep -v '^#' /run/keys/withinbot | xargs)
+        # service-specific configuration
+        export CAMPAIGN_FOLDER=${withinbot}/campaigns
+        # kick off the chatbot
+        exec ${withinbot}/bin/withinbot
+      '';
+    };
+  };
+# ...
+```
+
+This will create the systemd configuration for the service so that it starts on
+boot, waits to start until the secrets have been loaded into it, runs withinbot
+as its own user and in the `within` group, and throttles the service restart so
+that it doesn't incur Discord rate limits as easily. This will also put all
+withinbot logs in journald, meaning that you can manage and monitor this service
+like you would any other systemd service.
+
+## Deploying the Service
+
+In your target server's `configuration.nix` file, add an import of your services
+directory:
+
+```nix
+{
+  # ...
+  imports = [
+    # ...
+    /home/cadey/code/nixos-configs/common/services
+  ];
+  # ...
+}
+```
+
+And then enable the withinbot service:
+
+```nix
+{
+  # ...
+  within.services = {
+    withinbot.enable = true;
+  };
+  # ...
+}
+```
+
+[Make that a block so you can enable multiple services at once like <a
+href="https://github.com/Xe/nixos-configs/blob/e111413e8b895f5a117dea534b17fc9d0b38d268/hosts/chrysalis/configuration.nix#L93-L96">this</a>!](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+Now you are free to deploy it to your network with `nixops deploy`:
+
+```console
+$ nixops deploy -d hexagone
+```
+
+<video controls width="100%">
+    <source src="https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/img/nixops/tmp.Tr7HTFFd2c.webm"
+            type="video/webm">
+    <source src="https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/img/nixops/tmp.Tr7HTFFd2c.mp4"
+            type="video/mp4">
+    Sorry, your browser doesn't support embedded videos.
+</video>
+
+
+And then you can verify the service is up with `systemctl status`:
+
+```console
+$ nixops ssh -d hexagone chrysalis -- systemctl status withinbot
+● withinbot.service
+     Loaded: loaded (/nix/store/7ab7jzycpcci4f5wjwhjx3al7xy85ka7-unit-withinbot.service/withinbot.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
+     Active: active (running) since Mon 2020-11-09 09:51:51 EST; 2h 29min ago
+   Main PID: 12295 (withinbot)
+         IP: 0B in, 0B out
+      Tasks: 13 (limit: 4915)
+     Memory: 7.9M
+        CPU: 4.456s
+     CGroup: /system.slice/withinbot.service
+             └─12295 /nix/store/qpq281hcb1grh4k5fm6ksky6w0981arp-withinbot-0.1.0/bin/withinbot
+
+Nov 09 09:51:51 chrysalis systemd[1]: Started withinbot.service.
+```
+
+---
+
+This basic template is enough to expand out to anything you would need and is
+what I am using for my own network. This should be generic enough for most of
+your needs. Check out the [NixOS manual](https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/)
+for more examples and things you can do with this. The [Nixops
+manual](https://releases.nixos.org/nixops/nixops-1.7/manual/manual.html) is also
+a good read. It can also set up deployments with VirtualBox, libvirtd, AWS,
+Digital Ocean, and even Google Cloud.
+
+The cloud is the limit! Be well.

blog/nixos-desktop-flow-2020-04-25.markdown

@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@ NixOS and how they fit into how I use NixOS on my desktop.
 Earlier, I mentioned that Nix is a _functional_ package manager. This means that
 Nix views packages as a combination of inputs to get an output:
 
-<center>![A nix package is the metadata, the source code, the build instructions and
+![A nix package is the metadata, the source code, the build instructions and
 some patches as input to a derivation to create a
-package](/static/blog/nix-package.png)</center>
+package](/static/blog/nix-package.png)
 
 This is how most package managers work (even things like Windows installer
 files), but Nix goes a step further by disallowing package builds to access the

blog/nixos-discord-webhook-2020-11-30.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+---
+title: Discord Webhooks via NixOS and Systemd Timers
+date: 2020-11-30
+series: howto
+tags:
+  - nixos
+  - discord
+  - systemd
+---
+
+# Discord Webhooks via NixOS and Systemd Timers
+
+Recently I needed to set up a Discord message on a cronjob as a part of
+moderating a guild I've been in for years. I've done this before using
+[cronjobs](/blog/howto-automate-discord-webhook-cron-2018-03-29), however this
+time we will be using [NixOS](https://nixos.org/) and [systemd
+timers](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd/Timers). Here's what you
+will need to follow along:
+
+- A machine running NixOS
+- A [Discord](https://discord.com/) account
+- A
+  [webhook](https://support.discord.com/hc/en-us/articles/228383668-Intro-to-Webhooks)
+  configured for a channel
+- A message you want to send to Discord
+  
+[If you don't have moderation permissions in any guilds, make your own for
+testing! You will need the "Manage Webhooks" permission to create a
+webhook.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+## Setting Up Timers
+
+systemd timers are like cronjobs, except they trigger systemd services instead
+of shell commands. For this example, let's create a daily webhook reminder to
+check on your Animal Crossing island at 9 am.
+
+Let's create the systemd service at the end of the machine's
+`configuration.nix`:
+
+```nix
+systemd.services.acnh-island-check-reminder = {
+  serviceConfig.Type = "oneshot";
+  script = ''
+    MESSAGE="It's time to check on your island! Check those stonks!"
+    WEBHOOK="${builtins.readFile /home/cadey/prefix/secrets/acnh-webhook-secret}"
+    USERNAME="Domo"
+    
+    ${pkgs.curl}/bin/curl \
+      -X POST \
+      -F "content=$MESSAGE" \
+      -F "username=$USERNAME" \
+      "$WEBHOOK"
+  '';
+};
+```
+
+[This service is a <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/a/39050387">oneshot</a>
+unit, meaning systemd will launch this once and not expect it to always stay
+running.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+Now let's create a timer for this service. We need to do the following:
+
+- Associate the timer with that service
+- Assign a schedule to the timer
+
+Add this to the end of your `configuration.nix`:
+
+```nix
+systemd.timers.acnh-island-check-reminder = {
+  wantedBy = [ "timers.target" ];
+  partOf = [ "acnh-island-check-reminder.service" ];
+  timerConfig.OnCalendar = "TODO(Xe): this";
+};
+```
+
+Before we mentioned that we want to trigger this reminder every morning at 9 am.
+systemd timers specify their calendar config in the following format:
+
+```
+DayOfWeek Year-Month-Day Hour:Minute:Second
+```
+
+So for something that triggers every day at 9 AM, it would look like this:
+
+```
+*-*-* 8:00:00
+```
+
+[You can ignore the day of the week if it's not
+relevant!](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+So our final timer definition would look like this:
+
+```nix
+systemd.timers.acnh-island-check-reminder = {
+  wantedBy = [ "timers.target" ];
+  partOf = [ "acnh-island-check-reminder.service" ];
+  timerConfig.OnCalendar = "*-*-* 8:00:00";
+};
+```
+
+## Deployment and Testing
+
+Now we can deploy this with `nixos-rebuild`:
+
+```console
+$ sudo nixos-rebuild switch
+```
+
+You should see a line that says something like this in the `nixos-rebuild`
+output:
+
+```
+starting the following units: acnh-island-check-reminder.timer
+```
+
+Let's test the service out using `systemctl`:
+
+```console
+$ sudo systemctl start acnh-island-check-reminder.service
+```
+
+And you should then see a message on Discord. If you don't see a message, check
+the logs using `journalctl`:
+
+```console
+$ journalctl -u acnh-island-check-reminder.service
+```
+
+If you see an error that looks like this:
+
+```
+curl: (26) Failed to open/read local data from file/application
+```
+
+This usually means that you tried to do a role or user mention at the beginning
+of the message and curl tried to interpret that as a file input. Add a word like
+"hey" at the beginning of the line to disable this behavior. See
+[here](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6408904/send-request-to-curl-with-post-data-sourced-from-a-file)
+for more information.
+
+---
+
+Also happy December! My site has the [snow
+CSS](https://christine.website/blog/let-it-snow-2018-12-17) loaded for the
+month. Enjoy!

blog/nixos-encrypted-secrets-2021-01-20.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+---
+title: Encrypted Secrets with NixOS
+date: 2021-01-20
+series: nixos
+tags:
+ - age
+ - ed25519
+---
+
+# Encrypted Secrets with NixOS
+
+One of the best things about NixOS is the fact that it's so easy to do
+configuration management using it. The Nix store (where all your packages live)
+has a huge flaw for secret management though: everything in the Nix store is
+globally readable. This means that anyone logged into or running code on the
+system could read any secret in the Nix store without any limits. This is
+sub-optimal if your goal is to keep secret values secret. There have been a few
+approaches to this over the years, but I want to describe how I'm doing it. 
+Here are my goals and implementation for this setup and how a few other secret
+management strategies don't quite pan out.
+
+At a high level I have these goals:
+
+* It should be trivial to declare new secrets
+* Secrets should never be globally readable in any useful form
+* If I restart the machine, I should not need to take manual human action to
+  ensure all of the services come back online
+* GPG should be avoided at all costs
+
+As a side goal being able to roll back secret changes would also be nice.
+
+The two biggest tools that offer a way to help with secret management on NixOS
+that come to mind are NixOps and Morph.
+
+[NixOps](https://github.com/NixOS/nixops) is a tool that helps administrators
+operate NixOS across multiple servers at once. I use NixOps extensively in my
+own setup. It calls deployment secrets "keys" and they are documented
+[here](https://hydra.nixos.org/build/115931128/download/1/manual/manual.html#idm140737322649152).
+At a high level they are declared like this:
+
+```nix
+deployment.keys.example = {
+  text = "this is a super sekrit value :)";
+  user = "example";
+  group = "keys";
+  permissions = "0400";
+};
+```
+
+This will create a new secret in `/run/keys` that will contain our super secret
+value.
+
+[Wait, isn't `/run` an ephemeral filesystem? What happens when the system
+reboots?](conversation://Mara/hmm)
+
+Let's make an example system and find out! So let's say we have that `example`
+secret from earlier and want to use it in a job. The job definition could look
+something like this:
+
+```nix
+# create a service-specific user
+users.users.example.isSystemUser = true;
+
+# without this group the secret can't be read
+users.users.example.extraGroups = [ "keys" ]; 
+
+systemd.services.example = {
+  wantedBy = [ "multi-user.target" ];
+  after = [ "example-key.service" ];
+  wants = [ "example-key.service" ];
+  
+  serviceConfig.User = "example";
+  serviceConfig.Type = "oneshot";
+  
+  script = ''
+    stat /run/keys/example
+  '';
+};
+```
+
+This creates a user called `example` and gives it permission to read deployment
+keys. It also creates a systemd service called `example.service` and runs
+[`stat(1)`](https://linux.die.net/man/1/stat) to show the permissions of the
+service and the key file. It also runs as our `example` user. To avoid systemd
+thinking our service failed, we're also going to mark it as a
+[oneshot](https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/understanding-systemd-units-and-unit-files#the-service-section).
+
+Altogether it could look something like
+[this](https://gist.github.com/Xe/4a71d7741e508d9002be91b62248144a). Let's see
+what `systemctl` has to report:
+
+```console
+$ nixops ssh -d blog-example pa -- systemctl status example
+● example.service
+     Loaded: loaded (/nix/store/j4a8f6mnaw3v4sz7dqlnz95psh72xglw-unit-example.service/example.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
+     Active: inactive (dead) since Wed 2021-01-20 20:53:54 UTC; 37s ago
+    Process: 2230 ExecStart=/nix/store/1yg89z4dsdp1axacqk07iq5jqv58q169-unit-script-example-start/bin/example-start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
+   Main PID: 2230 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
+         IP: 0B in, 0B out
+        CPU: 3ms
+
+Jan 20 20:53:54 pa example-start[2235]:   File: /run/keys/example
+Jan 20 20:53:54 pa example-start[2235]:   Size: 31                Blocks: 8          IO Block: 4096   regular file
+Jan 20 20:53:54 pa example-start[2235]: Device: 18h/24d        Inode: 37428       Links: 1
+Jan 20 20:53:54 pa example-start[2235]: Access: (0400/-r--------)  Uid: (  998/ example)   Gid: (   96/    keys)
+Jan 20 20:53:54 pa example-start[2235]: Access: 2021-01-20 20:53:54.010554201 +0000
+Jan 20 20:53:54 pa example-start[2235]: Modify: 2021-01-20 20:53:54.010554201 +0000
+Jan 20 20:53:54 pa example-start[2235]: Change: 2021-01-20 20:53:54.398103181 +0000
+Jan 20 20:53:54 pa example-start[2235]:  Birth: -
+Jan 20 20:53:54 pa systemd[1]: example.service: Succeeded.
+Jan 20 20:53:54 pa systemd[1]: Finished example.service.
+```
+
+So what happens when we reboot? I'll force a reboot in my hypervisor and we'll
+find out:
+
+```console
+$ nixops ssh -d blog-example pa -- systemctl status example
+● example.service
+     Loaded: loaded (/nix/store/j4a8f6mnaw3v4sz7dqlnz95psh72xglw-unit-example.service/example.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
+     Active: inactive (dead)
+```
+
+The service is inactive. Let's see what the status of `example-key.service` is:
+
+```console
+$ nixops ssh -d blog-example pa -- systemctl status example-key
+● example-key.service
+     Loaded: loaded (/nix/store/ikqn64cjq8pspkf3ma1jmx8qzpyrckpb-unit-example-key.service/example-key.service; linked; vendor preset: enabled)
+     Active: activating (start-pre) since Wed 2021-01-20 20:56:05 UTC; 3min 1s ago
+Cntrl PID: 610 (example-key-pre)
+         IP: 0B in, 0B out
+         IO: 116.0K read, 0B written
+      Tasks: 4 (limit: 2374)
+     Memory: 1.6M
+        CPU: 3ms
+     CGroup: /system.slice/example-key.service
+             ├─610 /nix/store/kl6lr3czkbnr6m5crcy8ffwfzbj8a22i-bash-4.4-p23/bin/bash -e /nix/store/awx1zrics3cal8kd9c5d05xzp5ikazlk-unit-script-example-key-pre-start/bin/example-key-pre-start
+             ├─619 /nix/store/kl6lr3czkbnr6m5crcy8ffwfzbj8a22i-bash-4.4-p23/bin/bash -e /nix/store/awx1zrics3cal8kd9c5d05xzp5ikazlk-unit-script-example-key-pre-start/bin/example-key-pre-start
+             ├─620 /nix/store/kl6lr3czkbnr6m5crcy8ffwfzbj8a22i-bash-4.4-p23/bin/bash -e /nix/store/awx1zrics3cal8kd9c5d05xzp5ikazlk-unit-script-example-key-pre-start/bin/example-key-pre-start
+             └─621 inotifywait -qm --format %f -e create,move /run/keys
+
+Jan 20 20:56:05 pa systemd[1]: Starting example-key.service...
+```
+
+The service is blocked waiting for the keys to exist. We have to populate the
+keys with `nixops send-keys`:
+
+```console
+$ nixops send-keys -d blog-example
+pa> uploading key ‘example’...
+```
+
+Now when we check on `example.service`, we get the following:
+
+```console
+$ nixops ssh -d blog-example pa -- systemctl status example
+● example.service
+     Loaded: loaded (/nix/store/j4a8f6mnaw3v4sz7dqlnz95psh72xglw-unit-example.service/example.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
+     Active: inactive (dead) since Wed 2021-01-20 21:00:24 UTC; 32s ago
+    Process: 954 ExecStart=/nix/store/1yg89z4dsdp1axacqk07iq5jqv58q169-unit-script-example-start/bin/example-start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
+   Main PID: 954 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
+         IP: 0B in, 0B out
+        CPU: 3ms
+
+Jan 20 21:00:24 pa example-start[957]:   File: /run/keys/example
+Jan 20 21:00:24 pa example-start[957]:   Size: 31                Blocks: 8          IO Block: 4096   regular file
+Jan 20 21:00:24 pa example-start[957]: Device: 18h/24d        Inode: 27774       Links: 1
+Jan 20 21:00:24 pa example-start[957]: Access: (0400/-r--------)  Uid: (  998/ example)   Gid: (   96/    keys)
+Jan 20 21:00:24 pa example-start[957]: Access: 2021-01-20 21:00:24.588494730 +0000
+Jan 20 21:00:24 pa example-start[957]: Modify: 2021-01-20 21:00:24.588494730 +0000
+Jan 20 21:00:24 pa example-start[957]: Change: 2021-01-20 21:00:24.606495751 +0000
+Jan 20 21:00:24 pa example-start[957]:  Birth: -
+Jan 20 21:00:24 pa systemd[1]: example.service: Succeeded.
+Jan 20 21:00:24 pa systemd[1]: Finished example.service.
+```
+
+This means that NixOps secrets require _manual human intervention_ in order to
+repopulate them on server boot. If your server went offline overnight due to an
+unexpected issue, your services using those keys could be stuck offline until
+morning. This is undesirable for a number of reasons. This plus the requirement
+for the `keys` group (which at time of writing was undocumented) to be added to
+service user accounts means that while they do work, they are not very
+ergonomic.
+
+[You can read secrets from files using something like
+`deployment.keys.example.text = "${builtins.readFile ./secrets/example.env}"`,
+but it is kind of a pain to have to do that. It would be better to just
+reference the secrets by filesystem paths in the first
+place.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+On the other hand [Morph](https://github.com/DBCDK/morph) gets this a bit
+better. It is sadly even less documented than NixOps is, but it offers a similar
+experience via [deployment
+secrets](https://github.com/DBCDK/morph/blob/master/examples/secrets.nix). The
+main differences that Morph brings to the table are taking paths to secrets and
+allowing you to run an arbitrary command on the secret being uploaded. Secrets
+are also able to be put anywhere on the disk, meaning that when a host reboots it
+will come back up with the most recent secrets uploaded to it.
+
+However, like NixOps, Morph secrets don't have the ability to be rolled back.
+This means that if you mess up a secret value you better hope you have the old
+information somewhere. This violates what you'd expect from a NixOS machine.
+
+So given these examples, I thought it would be interesting to explore what the
+middle path could look like. I chose to use
+[age](https://github.com/FiloSottile/age) for encrypting secrets in the Nix
+store as well as using SSH host keys to ensure that every secret is decryptable
+at runtime by _that machine only_. If you get your hands on the secret
+cyphertext, it should be unusable to you.
+
+One of the harder things here will be keeping a list of all of the server host
+keys. Recently I added a
+[hosts.toml](https://github.com/Xe/nixos-configs/blob/master/ops/metadata/hosts.toml)
+file to my config repo for autoconfiguring my WireGuard overlay network. It was
+easy enough to add all the SSH host keys for each machine using a command like
+this to get them:
+
+[We will cover how this WireGuard overlay works in a future post.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+```console
+$ nixops ssh-for-each -d hexagone -- cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub 
+firgu....> ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIB8+mCR+MEsv0XYi7ohvdKLbDecBtb3uKGQOPfIhdj3C root@nixos
+chrysalis> ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIGDA5iXvkKyvAiMEd/5IruwKwoymC8WxH4tLcLWOSYJ1 root@chrysalis
+lufta....> ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIMADhGV0hKt3ZY+uBjgOXX08txBS6MmHZcSL61KAd3df root@lufta
+keanu....> ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIGDZUmuhfjEIROo2hog2c8J53taRuPJLNOtdaT8Nt69W root@nixos
+```
+
+age lets you use SSH keys for decryption, so I added these keys to my
+`hosts.toml` and ended up with something like
+[this](https://github.com/Xe/nixos-configs/commit/14726e982001e794cd72afa1ece209eed58d3f38#diff-61d1d8dddd71be624c0d718be22072c950ec31c72fded8a25094ea53d94c8185).
+
+Now we can encrypt secrets on the host machine and safely put them in the Nix
+store because they will be readable to each target machine with a command like
+this:
+
+```shell
+age -d -i /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key -o $dest $src
+```
+
+From here it's easy to make a function that we can use for generating new
+encrypted secrets in the Nix store. First we need to import the host metadata
+from the toml file:
+
+```nix
+let
+  cfg = config.within.secrets;
+  metadata = lib.importTOML ../../ops/metadata/hosts.toml;
+
+  mkSecretOnDisk = name:
+    { source, ... }:
+    pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation {
+      name = "${name}-secret";
+      phases = "installPhase";
+      buildInputs = [ pkgs.age ];
+      installPhase =
+        let key = metadata.hosts."${config.networking.hostName}".ssh_pubkey;
+        in ''
+          age -a -r "${key}" -o $out ${source}
+        '';
+    };
+```
+
+And then we can generate systemd oneshot jobs with something like this:
+
+```nix
+  mkService = name:
+    { source, dest, owner, group, permissions, ... }: {
+      description = "decrypt secret for ${name}";
+      wantedBy = [ "multi-user.target" ];
+
+      serviceConfig.Type = "oneshot";
+
+      script = with pkgs; ''
+        rm -rf ${dest}
+        ${age}/bin/age -d -i /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key -o ${dest} ${
+          mkSecretOnDisk name { inherit source; }
+        }
+
+        chown ${owner}:${group} ${dest}
+        chmod ${permissions} ${dest}
+      '';
+    };
+```
+
+And from there we just need some [boring
+boilerplate](https://github.com/Xe/nixos-configs/blob/master/common/crypto/default.nix#L8-L38)
+to define a secret type. Then we declare the secret type and its invocation:
+
+```nix
+in {
+  options.within.secrets = mkOption {
+    type = types.attrsOf secret;
+    description = "secret configuration";
+    default = { };
+  };
+
+  config.systemd.services = let
+    units = mapAttrs' (name: info: {
+      name = "${name}-key";
+      value = (mkService name info);
+    }) cfg;
+  in units;
+}
+```
+
+And we have ourself a NixOS module that allows us to:
+
+* Trivially declare new secrets
+* Make secrets in the Nix store useless without the key
+* Make every secret be transparently decrypted on startup
+* Avoid the use of GPG
+* Roll back secrets like any other configuration change
+
+Declaring new secrets works like this (as stolen from [the service definition
+for the website you are reading right now](https://github.com/Xe/nixos-configs/blob/master/common/services/xesite.nix#L35-L41)):
+
+```nix
+within.secrets.example = {
+  source = ./secrets/example.env;
+  dest = "/var/lib/example/.env";
+  owner = "example";
+  group = "nogroup";
+  permissions = "0400";
+};
+```
+
+Barring some kind of cryptographic attack against age, this should allow the
+secrets to be stored securely. I am working on a way to make this more generic.
+This overall approach was inspired by [agenix](https://github.com/ryantm/agenix)
+but made more specific for my needs. I hope this approach will make it easy for
+me to manage these secrets in the future.

blog/nixos-minecraft-tailscale-blog-2021-01-19.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+---
+title: "Tailscale on NixOS: A New Minecraft Server in Ten Minutes"
+date: 2021-01-19
+tags:
+ - link
+redirect_to: https://tailscale.com/blog/nixos-minecraft/
+---
+
+# Tailscale on NixOS: A New Minecraft Server in Ten Minutes
+
+Check out this post [on the Tailscale
+blog](https://tailscale.com/blog/nixos-minecraft/)!

blog/org-mode-flow-2020-09-08.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+---
+title: My Org Mode Flow
+date: 2020-09-08
+tags:
+  - emacs
+---
+
+# My Org Mode Flow
+
+At almost every job I've worked at, at least one of my coworkers has noticed
+that I use Emacs as my main text editor. People have pointed me at IntelliJ, VS
+Code, Atom and more, but I keep sticking to Emacs because it has one huge ace up
+its sleeve that other editors simply cannot match. Emacs has a package that
+helps me organize my workflow, focus my note-taking and even keep a timeclock
+for how long I spend working on tasks. This package is called Org mode, and this
+is my flow for using it.
+
+[Org mode](https://orgmode.org/) is a TODO list manager, document authoring
+platform and more for [GNU Emacs](https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/). It uses
+specially formatted plain text that can be managed using version control
+systems. I have used it daily for about five years for keeping track of what I
+need to do for work. Please note that my usage of it _barely scratches the
+surface_ of what Org mode can do, because this is all I have needed.
+
+## `~/org`
+
+My org flow starts with a single folder: `~/org`. The main file I use is
+`todo.org` and it looks something like this:
+
+```org
+#+TITLE: TODO
+
+* Doing
+** TODO WAT-42069 Unfrobnicate the rilkef for flopnax-ropjar push...
+* In Review
+** TODO WAT-42042 New Relic Dashboards...
+* Reviews
+** DONE HAX-1337 Security architecture of wasmcloud
+* Interrupt
+* Generic todo
+* Overhead
+** 09/08/2020
+*** DONE workday start...
+*** DONE standup...
+```
+
+Each level of stars creates a new heading level, and these headings can be
+treated like a tree. You can use the tab key to open and close the heading
+levels and hide those parts of the tree if they are not relevant. Let's open up
+the standup subtree with tab:
+
+```org
+*** DONE standup
+    CLOSED: [2020-09-08 Tue 10:12]
+    :LOGBOOK:
+    CLOCK: [2020-09-08 Tue 10:00]--[2020-09-08 Tue 10:12] =>  0:12
+    :END:
+```
+
+Org mode automatically entered in nearly all of the information in this subtree
+for me. I clocked in (alt-x org-clock-in with that TODO item highighted) when
+the standup started and I clocked out by marking the task as done (alt-x
+org-todo with that TODO item highlighted). If I am working on a task that takes
+longer than one session, I can clock out of it (alt-x org-clock-out) and then
+the time I spent (about 20 minutes) will be recorded in the file for me. Then I
+can manually enter the time spent into tools like Jira.
+
+When I am ready to move a task from In Progress to In Review, I close the
+subtree with tab and then highlight the collapsed subtree, cut it and paste it
+under the In Review header. This will keep the time tracking information
+associated with that header entry.
+
+I will tend to let tasks build up over the week and then on Monday morning I
+will move all of the done tasks to `done.org`, which is where I store things
+that are done. As I move things over, I double check with Jira to make sure the
+time tracking has been accurately updated. This can take a while, but doing this
+has caught cases where I have misreported time and then had the opportunity to
+correct it.
+
+## Clocktables
+
+Org mode is also able to generate tables based on information in org files. One
+of the most useful ones is the [clock
+table](https://orgmode.org/manual/The-clock-table.html#). You can use these
+clock tables to make reports about how much time was spent in each task. I use
+these to help me know what I have done in the day so I can report about it in
+the next day's standup meeting. To add a clock table, add an empty block for it
+and press control-c c on the `BEGIN` line. Here's an example:
+
+```org
+#+BEGIN: clocktable :block today
+#+END:
+```
+
+This will show you all of the things you have recorded for that day. This may
+end up being a bit much if you nest things deep enough. My preferred clock table
+is a daily view only showing the second level and lower for the current file:
+
+```org
+#+BEGIN: clocktable :maxlevel 2 :block today :scope file
+#+CAPTION: Clock summary at [2020-09-08 Tue 15:47], for Tuesday, September 08, 2020.
+| Headline                    |   Time |      |
+|-----------------------------|--------|------|
+| *Total time*                | *6:14* |      |
+|-----------------------------|--------|------|
+| In Progress                 |   2:09 |      |
+| \_  WAT-42069 Unfrobnica... |        | 2:09 |
+| Overhead                    |   4:05 |      |
+| \_  09/08/2020              |        | 4:05 |
+#+END:
+```
+
+This allows me to see that I've been working today for about 6.25 hours for the
+day, so I can use that information when deciding what to do next.
+
+## Other Things You Can Do
+
+In the past I used to use org mode for a lot of things. In one of my older files
+I have a comprehensive list of all of the times I smoked weed down to the amount
+smoked and what I felt about it at the time. In another I have a script that I
+used for applying ansible files across a cluster. The sky really is the limit.
+
+However, I have really decided to keep things simple for the most part. I leave
+org mode for work stuff and mostly use iCloud services for personal stuff. There
+are mobile apps for using org-mode on the go, but they haven't aged well at all
+and I have been focusing my time into actually doing things instead of
+configuring WEBDAV servers or the like.
+
+This is how I keep track of things at work.

blog/pageview-time-experiment-2019-08-19.markdown

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ make this data anonymous, simplistic and (reasonably) public.
 
 Here is how it works:
 
-<center>![A diagram on how this works](/static/img/pageview_flowchart.png)</center>
+![A diagram on how this works](/static/img/pageview_flowchart.png)
 
 When the page is loaded, a [javascript file records the start time](/static/js/pageview_timer.js).
 This then sets a [pagehide handler](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/pagehide_event)

blog/pahi-hello-world-2020-02-22.markdown

@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ We'll see though.
 
 I have also designed a placeholder logo for pa'i. Here it is:
 
-<center>![the logo for pa'i](/static/blog/pahi-logo.png)</center>
+![the logo for pa'i](/static/blog/pahi-logo.png)
 
 It might be changed in the future, but this is what I am going with for now. The
 circuit traces all spell out messages of love (inspired from the Senzar runes of

blog/prometheus-grafana-loki-nixos-2020-11-20.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,395 @@
+---
+title: How to Setup Prometheus, Grafana and Loki on NixOS
+date: 2020-11-20
+tags:
+  - nixos
+  - prometheus
+  - grafana
+  - loki
+  - promtail
+---
+
+# How to Setup Prometheus, Grafana and Loki on NixOS
+
+When setting up services on your home network, sometimes you have questions
+along the lines of "how do I know that things are working?". In this blogpost we
+will go over a few tools that you can use to monitor and visualize your machine
+state so you can answer that. Specifically we are going to use the following
+tools to do this:
+
+- [Grafana](https://grafana.com/) for creating pretty graphs and managing
+  alerts
+- [Prometheus](https://prometheus.io/) for storing metrics and as a common
+  metrics format
+- [Prometheus node_exporter](https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter) for
+  deriving metrics from system state
+- [Loki](https://grafana.com/oss/loki/) as a central log storage point
+- [promtail](https://grafana.com/docs/loki/latest/clients/promtail/) to push
+  logs to Loki
+  
+Let's get going!
+
+[Something to note: in here you might see domains using the `.pele` top-level
+domain. This domain will likely not be available on your home network. See <a
+href="/blog/series/site-to-site-wireguard">this series</a> on how to set up
+something similar for your home network. If you don't have such a setup, replace
+anything that ends in `.pele` with whatever you normally use for
+this.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+## Grafana
+
+Grafana is a service that handles graphing and alerting. It also has some nice
+tools to create dashboards. Here we will be using it for a few main purposes:
+
+- Exploring what metrics are available
+- Reading system logs
+- Making graphs and dashboards
+- Creating alerts over metrics or lack of metrics
+
+Let's configure Grafana on a machine. Open that machine's `configuration.nix` in
+an editor and add the following to it:
+
+```nix
+# hosts/chrysalis/configuration.nix
+{ config, pkgs, ... }: {
+  # grafana configuration
+  services.grafana = {
+    enable = true;
+    domain = "grafana.pele";
+    port = 2342;
+    addr = "127.0.0.1";
+  };
+  
+  # nginx reverse proxy
+  services.nginx.virtualHosts.${config.services.grafana.domain} = {
+    locations."/" = {
+        proxyPass = "http://127.0.0.1:${toString config.services.grafana.port}";
+        proxyWebsockets = true;
+    };
+  };
+}
+```
+
+[If you have a <a href="/blog/site-to-site-wireguard-part-3-2019-04-11">custom
+TLS Certificate Authority</a>, you can set up HTTPS for this deployment. See <a
+href="https://github.com/Xe/nixos-configs/blob/master/common/sites/grafana.akua.nix">here</a>
+for an example of doing this. If this server is exposed to the internet, you can
+use a certificate from <a
+href="https://nixos.wiki/wiki/Nginx#TLS_reverse_proxy">Let's Encrypt</a> instead
+of your own Certificate Authority.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+Then you will need to deploy it to your cluster with `nixops deploy`:
+
+```console
+$ nixops deploy -d home
+```
+
+Now open the Grafana server in your browser at http://grafana.pele and login
+with the super secure default credentials of admin/admin. Grafana will ask you
+to change your password. Please change it to something other than admin.
+
+This is all of the setup we will do with Grafana for now. We will come back to
+it later.
+
+## Prometheus
+
+> Prometheus was punished by the gods by giving the gift of knowledge to man. He
+> was cast into the bowels of the earth and pecked by birds.
+Oracle Turret, Portal 2
+
+Prometheus is a service that reads metrics from other services, stores them and
+allows you to search and aggregate them. Let's add it to our `configuration.nix`
+file:
+
+```nix
+# hosts/chrysalis/configuration.nix
+  services.prometheus = {
+    enable = true;
+    port = 9001;
+  };
+```
+
+Now let's deploy this config to the cluster with `nixops deploy`:
+
+```console
+$ nixops deploy -d home
+```
+
+And let's configure Grafana to read from Prometheus. Open Grafana and click on
+the gear to the left side of the page. The `Data Sources` tab should be active.
+If it is not active, click on `Data Sources`. Then click "add data source" and
+choose Prometheus. Set the URL to `http://127.0.0.1:9001` (or with whatever port
+you configured above) and leave everything set to the default values. Click
+"Save & Test". If there is an error, be sure to check the port number.
+
+![The Grafana UI for adding a data
+source](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/blog/Screenshot_20201120_145819.png)
+
+Now let's start getting some data into Prometheus with the node exporter.
+
+### Node Exporter Setup
+
+The Prometheus node exporter exposes a lot of information about systems ranging
+from memory, disk usage and even systemd service information. There are also
+some [other
+collectors](https://search.nixos.org/options?channel=20.09&query=prometheus.exporters+enable)
+you can set up based on your individual setup, however we are going to enable
+only the node collector here.
+
+In your `configuration.nix`, add an exporters block and configure the node
+exporter under `services.prometheus`:
+
+```nix
+# hosts/chrysalis/configuration.nix
+  services.prometheus = {
+    exporters = {
+      node = {
+        enable = true;
+        enabledCollectors = [ "systemd" ];
+        port = 9002;
+      };
+    };
+  }
+```
+
+Now we need to configure Prometheus to read metrics from this exporter. In your
+`configuration.nix`, add a `scrapeConfigs` block under `services.prometheus`
+that points to the node exporter we configured just now:
+
+```nix
+# hosts/chrysalis/configuration.nix
+  services.prometheus = {
+    # ...
+    
+    scrapeConfigs = [
+      {
+        job_name = "chrysalis";
+        static_configs = [{
+          targets = [ "127.0.0.1:${toString config.services.prometheus.exporters.node.port}" ];
+        }];
+      }
+    ];
+    
+    # ...
+  }
+  
+  # ...
+```
+
+[The complicated expression in the target above allows you to change the port of
+the node exporter and ensure that Prometheus will always be pointing at the
+right port!](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+Now we can deploy this to your cluster with nixops:
+
+```console
+$ nixops deploy -d home
+```
+
+Open the Explore tab in Grafana and type in the following expression:
+
+```
+node_memory_MemFree_bytes
+```
+
+and hit shift-enter (or click the "Run Query" button in the upper left side of
+the screen). You should see a graph showing you the amount of ram that is free
+on the host, something like this:
+
+![A graph of the amount of system memory that is available on the host
+chrysalis](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/blog/Screenshot_20201120_150328.png)
+
+If you want to query other fields, you can type in `node_` into the searchbox
+and autocomplete will show what is available. For a full list of what is
+available, open the node exporter metrics route in your browser and look through
+it.
+
+## Grafana Dashboards
+
+Now that we have all of this information about our machine, let's create a
+little dashboard for it and set up a few alerts.
+
+Click on the plus icon on the left side of the Grafana UI to create a new
+dashboard. It will look something like this:
+
+![An empty dashboard in
+Grafana](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/blog/Screenshot_20201120_151205.png)
+
+In Grafana terminology, everything you see in a dashboard is inside a panel.
+Let's create a new panel to keep track of memory usage for our server. Click
+"Add New Panel" and you will get a screen that looks like this:
+
+![A Grafana panel configuration
+screen](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/blog/Screenshot_20201120_151609.png)
+
+Let's make this keep track of free memory. Write "Memory Free" in the panel
+title field on the right. Write the following query in the textbox next to the
+dropdown labeled "Metrics":
+
+```
+node_memory_MemFree_bytes
+```
+
+and set the legend to `{{job}}`. You should get a graph that looks something
+like this:
+
+![A populated
+graph](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/blog/Screenshot_20201120_152126.png)
+
+This will show you how much memory is free on each machine you are monitoring
+with Prometheus' node exporter. Now let's configure an alert for the amount of
+free memory being low (where "low" means less than 64 megabytes of ram free).
+
+Hit save in the upper right corner of the Grafana UI and give your dashboard a
+name, such as "Home Cluster Status". Now open the "Memory Free" panel for
+editing (click on the name and then click "Edit"), click the "Alert" tab, and
+click the "Create Alert" button. Let's configure it to do the following:
+
+- Check if free memory gets below 64 megabytes (64000000 bytes)
+- Send the message "Running out of memory!" when the alert fires
+
+You can do that with a configuration like this:
+
+![The above configuration input to the Grafana
+UI](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/blog/Screenshot_20201120_153419.png)
+
+Save the changes to apply this config.
+
+[Wait a minute. Where will this alert go to?](conversation://Mara/hmm)
+
+It will only show up on the alerts page:
+
+![The alerts page with memory free alerts
+configured](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/blog/Screenshot_20201120_154027.png)
+
+But we can add a notification channel to customize this. Click on the
+Notification Channels tab and then click "New Channel". It should look something
+like this:
+
+![Notification Channel
+configuration](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/blog/Screenshot_20201120_154317.png)
+
+You can send notifications to many services, but let's send one to Discord this
+time. Acquire a Discord webhook link from somewhere and paste it in the Webhook
+URL field. Name it something like "Discord". It may also be a good idea to make
+this the default notification channel using the "Default" checkbox under the
+Notification Settings, so that our existing alert will show up in Discord when
+the system runs out of memory.
+
+You can configure other alerts like this so you can monitor any other node
+metrics you want.
+
+[You can also monitor for the _lack_ of data on particular metrics. If something
+that should always be reported suddenly isn't reported, it may be a good
+indicator that a server went down. You can also add other services to your
+`scrapeConfigs` settings so you can monitor things that expose metrics to
+Prometheus at `/metrics`.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+Now that we have metrics configured, let's enable Loki for logging.
+
+## Loki
+
+Loki is a log aggregator created by the people behind Grafana. Here we will use
+it as a target for all system logs. Unfortunately, the Loki NixOS module is very
+basic at the moment, so we will need to configure it with our own custom yaml
+file. Create a file in your `configuration.nix` folder called `loki.yaml` and
+copy in the config from [this
+gist](https://gist.github.com/Xe/c3c786b41ec2820725ee77a7af551225):
+
+Then enable Loki with your config in your `configuration.nix` file:
+
+```nix
+# hosts/chrysalis/configuration.nix
+  services.loki = {
+    enable = true;
+    configFile = ./loki-local-config.yaml;
+  };
+```
+
+Promtail is a tool made by the Loki team that sends logs into Loki. Create a
+file called `promtail.yaml` in the same folder as `configuration.nix` with the
+following contents:
+
+```yaml
+server:
+  http_listen_port: 28183
+  grpc_listen_port: 0
+
+positions:
+  filename: /tmp/positions.yaml
+
+clients:
+  - url: http://127.0.0.1:3100/loki/api/v1/push
+
+scrape_configs:
+  - job_name: journal
+    journal:
+      max_age: 12h
+      labels:
+        job: systemd-journal
+        host: chrysalis
+    relabel_configs:
+      - source_labels: ['__journal__systemd_unit']
+        target_label: 'unit'
+```
+
+Now we can add promtail to your `configuration.nix` by creating a systemd
+service to run it with this snippet:
+
+```nix
+# hosts/chrysalis/configuration.nix
+  systemd.services.promtail = {
+    description = "Promtail service for Loki";
+    wantedBy = [ "multi-user.target" ];
+
+    serviceConfig = {
+      ExecStart = ''
+        ${pkgs.grafana-loki}/bin/promtail --config.file ${./promtail.yaml}
+      '';
+    };
+  };
+```
+
+Now that you have this all set up, you can push this to your cluster with
+nixops:
+
+```console
+$ nixops deploy -d home
+```
+
+Once that finishes, open up Grafana and configure a new Loki data source with
+the URL `http://127.0.0.1:3100`:
+
+![Loki Data Source
+configuration](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/blog/Screenshot_20201120_161610.png)
+
+Now that you have Loki set up, let's query it! Open the Explore view in Grafana
+again, choose Loki as the source, and enter in the query `{job="systemd-journal"}`:
+
+![Loki
+search](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/blog/Screenshot_20201120_162043.png)
+
+[You can also add Loki queries like this to dashboards! Loki also lets you query by
+systemd unit with the `unit` field. If you wanted to search for logs from
+`foo.service`, you would need a query that looks something like
+`{job="systemd-journal", unit="foo.service"}` You can do many more complicated
+things with Loki. Look <a
+href="https://grafana.com/docs/grafana/latest/datasources/loki/#search-expression">here
+</a> for more information on what you can query. As of the time of writing this
+blogpost, you are currently unable to make Grafana alerts based on Loki queries
+as far as I am aware.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+---
+
+This barely scrapes the surface of what you can accomplish with a setup like
+this. Using more fancy setups you can alert on the rate of metrics changing. I
+plan to make NixOS modules to make this setup easier in the future. There is
+also a set of options in
+[services.grafana.provision](https://search.nixos.org/options?channel=20.09&from=0&size=30&sort=relevance&query=grafana.provision)
+that can make it easier to automagically set up Grafana with per-host
+dashboards, alerts and all of the data sources that are outlined in this post.
+
+The setup in this post is quite meager, but it should be enough to get you
+started with whatever you need to monitor. Adding Prometheus metrics to your
+services will go a long way in terms of being able to better monitor things in
+production, do not be afraid to experiment!

blog/rust-crates-go-stdlib-2020-09-27.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,616 @@
+---
+title: Rust Crates that do What the Go Standard library Does
+date: 2020-09-27
+series: rust
+---
+
+# Rust Crates that do What the Go Standard library Does
+
+One of Go's greatest strengths is how batteries-included the standard library
+is. You can do most of what you need to do with only the standard library. On
+the other hand, Rust's standard library is severely lacking by comparison.
+However, the community has capitalized on this and been working on a bunch of
+batteries that you can include in your rust projects. I'm going to cover a bunch
+of them in this post in a few sections.
+
+[A lot of these are actually used to help make this blog site
+work!](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+## Logging
+
+Go has logging out of the box with package [`log`](https://godoc.org/log).
+Package `log` is a very uncontroversial logger. It does what it says it does and
+with little fuss. However it does not include a lot of niceties like logging
+levels and context-aware values. 
+
+In Rust, we have the [`log`](https://docs.rs/log/) crate which is a very simple
+interface. It uses the `error!`, `warn!`, `info!`, `debug!` and `trace!` macros
+which correlate to the highest and lowest levels. If you want to use `log` in a
+Rust crate, you can add it to your `Cargo.toml` file like this:
+
+```toml
+[dependencies]
+log = "0.4"
+```
+
+Then you can use it in your Rust code like this:
+
+```rust
+use log::{error, warn, info, debug, trace};
+
+fn main() {
+  trace!("starting main");
+  debug!("debug message");
+  info!("this is some information");
+  warn!("oh no something bad is about to happen");
+  error!("oh no it's an error");
+}
+```
+
+[Wait, where does that log to? I ran that example locally but I didn't see any
+of the messages anywhere.](conversation://Mara/wat)
+
+This is because the `log` crate doesn't directly log anything anywhere, it is a
+facade that other packages build off of.
+[`pretty_env_logger`](https://docs.rs/pretty_env_logger) is a commonly used
+crate with the `log` facade. Let's add it to the program and work from there:
+
+```toml
+[dependencies]
+log = "0.4"
+pretty_env_logger = "0.4"
+```
+
+Then let's enable it in our code:
+
+```rust
+use log::{error, warn, info, debug, trace};
+
+fn main() {
+  pretty_env_logger::init();
+
+  trace!("starting main");
+  debug!("debug message");
+  info!("this is some information");
+  warn!("oh no something bad is about to happen");
+  error!("oh no it's an error");
+}
+```
+
+And now let's run it with `RUST_LOG=trace`:
+
+```console
+$ env RUST_LOG=trace cargo run --example logger_test
+    Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.07s
+     Running `/home/cadey/code/christine.website/target/debug/logger_test`
+ TRACE logger_test > starting main
+ DEBUG logger_test > debug message
+ INFO  logger_test > this is some information
+ WARN  logger_test > oh no something bad is about to happen
+ ERROR logger_test > oh no it's an error
+```
+
+There are [many
+other](https://docs.rs/log/0.4.11/log/#available-logging-implementations)
+consumers of the log crate and implementing a consumer is easy should you want
+to do more than `pretty_env_logger` can do on its own. However, I have found
+that `pretty_env_logger` does just enough on its own. See its documentation for
+more information.
+
+## Flags
+
+Go's standard library has the [`flag`](https://godoc.org/flag) package out of
+the box. This package is incredibly basic, but is surprisingly capable in terms
+of what you can actually do with it. A common thing to do is use flags for
+configuration or other options, such as
+[here](https://github.com/Xe/hlang/blob/44bb74efa6f124ca05483a527c0e735ce0fca143/main.go#L15-L22):
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import "flag"
+
+var (
+	program      = flag.String("p", "", "h program to compile/run")
+	outFname     = flag.String("o", "", "if specified, write the webassembly binary created by -p here")
+	watFname     = flag.String("o-wat", "", "if specified, write the uncompiled webassembly created by -p here")
+	port         = flag.String("port", "", "HTTP port to listen on")
+	writeTao     = flag.Bool("koan", false, "if true, print the h koan and then exit")
+	writeVersion = flag.Bool("v", false, "if true, print the version of h and then exit")
+)
+```
+
+This will make a few package-global variables that will contain the values of
+the command-line arguments. 
+
+In Rust, a commonly used command line parsing package is
+[`structopt`](https://docs.rs/structopt). It works in a bit of a different way
+than Go's `flag` package does though. `structopt` focuses on loading options into
+a structure rather than into globally mutable variables.
+
+[Something you may notice in Rust-land is that globally mutable state is talked
+about as if it is something to be avoided. It's not inherently bad, but it does
+make things more likely to crash at runtime. In most cases, these global
+variables with package `flag` are fine, but only if they are ever written to
+before the program really starts to do what it needs to do. If they are ever
+written to and read from dynamically at runtime, then you can get into a lot of
+problems such as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_condition">race
+conditions</a>.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+Here's a quick example copied from [pa'i](https://github.com/Xe/pahi):
+
+```rust
+#[derive(Debug, StructOpt)]
+#[structopt(
+    name = "pa'i",
+    about = "A WebAssembly runtime in Rust meeting the Olin ABI."
+)]
+struct Opt {
+    /// Backend
+    #[structopt(short, long, default_value = "cranelift")]
+    backend: String,
+
+
+    /// Print syscalls on exit
+    #[structopt(short, long)]
+    function_log: bool,
+
+
+    /// Do not cache compiled code?
+    #[structopt(short, long)]
+    no_cache: bool,
+
+
+    /// Binary to run
+    #[structopt()]
+    fname: String,
+
+
+    /// Main function
+    #[structopt(short, long, default_value = "_start")]
+    entrypoint: String,
+
+
+    /// Arguments of the wasm child
+    #[structopt()]
+    args: Vec<String>,
+}
+```
+
+This has the Rust compiler generate the needed argument parsing code for you, so
+you can just use the values as normal:
+
+```rust
+fn main() {
+  let opt = Opt::from_args();
+  debug!("args: {:?}", opt.args);
+}
+```
+
+You can even handle subcommands with this, such as in
+[palisade](https://github.com/lightspeed/palisade/blob/master/src/main.rs). This
+package should handle just about everything you'd do with the `flag` package,
+but will also work for cases where `flag` falls apart.
+
+## Errors
+
+Go's standard library has the [`error`
+interface](https://godoc.org/builtin#error) which lets you create a type that
+describes why functions fail to do what they intend. Rust has the [`Error`
+trait](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/error/trait.Error.html) which lets you also
+create a type that describes why functions fail to do what they intend.
+
+In [my last post](https://christine.website/blog/TLDR-rust-2020-09-19) I
+described [`eyre`](https://docs.rs/eyre) and the Result type. However, this time
+we're going to dive into [`thiserror`](https://docs.rs/thiserror) for making our
+own error type. Let's add `thiserror` to our crate:
+
+```toml
+[dependencies]
+thiserror = "1"
+```
+
+And then let's re-implement our `DivideByZero` error from the last post:
+
+```rust
+use std::fmt;
+use thiserror::Error;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Error)]
+struct DivideByZero;
+
+impl fmt::Display for DivideByZero {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "cannot divide by zero")
+    }
+}
+```
+
+The compiler made our error instance for us! It can even do that for more
+complicated error types like this one that wraps a lot of other error cases and
+error types in [maj](https://tulpa.dev/cadey/maj):
+
+```rust
+#[derive(thiserror::Error, Debug)]
+pub enum Error {
+    #[error("TLS error: {0:?}")]
+    TLS(#[from] TLSError),
+
+    #[error("URL error: {0:?}")]
+    URL(#[from] url::ParseError),
+
+    #[error("Invalid DNS name: {0:?}")]
+    InvalidDNSName(#[from] webpki::InvalidDNSNameError),
+
+    #[error("IO error: {0:?}")]
+    IO(#[from] std::io::Error),
+
+    #[error("Response parsing error: {0:?}")]
+    ResponseParse(#[from] crate::ResponseError),
+
+    #[error("Invalid URL scheme {0:?}")]
+    InvalidScheme(String),
+}
+```
+
+[These `#[error("whatever")]` annotations will show up when the error message is
+printed. See <a
+href="https://docs.rs/thiserror/1.0.20/thiserror/#details">here</a> for more
+information on what details you can include here.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+## Serialization / Deserialization
+
+Go has JSON encoding/decoding in its standard library via package
+[`encoding/json`](https://godoc.org/encoding/json). This allows you to define
+types that can be read from and write to JSON easily. Let's take this simple
+JSON object representing a comment from some imaginary API as an example:
+
+```json
+{
+  "id": 31337,
+  "author": {
+    "id": 420,
+    "name": "Cadey"
+  },
+  "body": "hahaha its is an laughter image",
+  "in_reply_to": 31335
+}
+```
+
+In Go you could write this as:
+
+```go
+type Author struct {
+  ID   int    `json:"id"`
+  Name string `json:"name"`
+}
+
+type Comment struct {
+  ID        int    `json:"id"`
+  Author    Author `json:"author"`
+  Body      string `json:"body"`
+  InReplyTo int    `json:"in_reply_to"`
+}
+```
+
+Rust does not have this capability out of the box, however there is a fantastic
+framework available known as [serde](https://serde.rs/) which works across JSON
+and every other serialization method that you can think of. Let's add serde and
+its JSON support to our crate:
+
+```toml
+[dependencies]
+serde = { version = "1", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = "1"
+```
+
+[You might notice that the dependency line for serde is different here. Go's
+JSON package works by using <a
+href="https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-use-struct-tags-in-go">struct
+tags</a> as metadata, but Rust doesn't have these. We need to use Rust's derive
+feature instead.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+So, to use serde for our comment type, we would write Rust that looks like this:
+
+```rust
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+pub struct Author {
+  pub id: i32,
+  pub name: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+pub struct Comment {
+  pub id: i32,
+  pub author: Author,
+  pub body: String,
+  pub in_reply_to: i32,
+}
+```
+
+And then we can load that from JSON using code like this:
+
+```rust
+fn main() {
+  let data = r#"
+  {
+    "id": 31337,
+    "author": {
+      "id": 420,
+      "name": "Cadey"
+    },
+    "body": "hahaha its is an laughter image",
+    "in_reply_to": 31335
+  }
+  "#;
+  
+  let c: Comment = serde_json::from_str(data).expect("json to parse");
+  println!("comment: {:#?}", c);
+}
+```
+
+And you can use it like this:
+
+```console
+$ cargo run --example json
+   Compiling xesite v2.0.1 (/home/cadey/code/christine.website)
+    Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.43s
+     Running `target/debug/examples/json`
+comment: Comment {
+    id: 31337,
+    author: Author {
+        id: 420,
+        name: "Cadey",
+    },
+    body: "hahaha its is an laughter image",
+    in_reply_to: 31335,
+}
+```
+
+## HTTP
+
+Many APIs expose their data over HTTP. Go has the
+[`net/http`](https://godoc.org/net/http) package that acts as a production-grade
+(Google uses this in production) HTTP client and server. This allows you to get
+going with new projects very easily. The Rust standard library doesn't have this
+out of the box, but there are some very convenient crates that can fill in the
+blanks.
+
+### Client
+
+For an HTTP client, we can use [`reqwest`](https://docs.rs/reqwest). It can also
+seamlessly integrate with serde to allow you to parse JSON from HTTP without any
+issues. Let's add reqwest to our crate as well as [`tokio`](https://tokio.rs) to
+act as an asynchronous runtime:
+
+```toml
+[dependencies]
+reqwest = { version = "0.10", features = ["json"] }
+tokio = { version = "0.2", features = ["full"] }
+```
+
+[We need `tokio` because Rust doesn't ship with an asynchronous runtime by
+default. Go does as a core part of the standard library (and arguably the
+language), but `tokio` is about equivalent to most of the important things that
+the Go runtime handles for you. This omission may seem annoying, but it makes it
+easy for you to create a custom asynchronous runtime should you need
+to.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+And then let's integrate with that imaginary comment api at
+[https://xena.greedo.xeserv.us/files/comment.json](https://xena.greedo.xeserv.us/files/comment.json):
+
+```rust
+use eyre::Result;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+pub struct Author {
+    pub id: i32,
+    pub name: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+pub struct Comment {
+    pub id: i32,
+    pub author: Author,
+    pub body: String,
+    pub in_reply_to: i32,
+}
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() -> Result<()> {
+  let c: Comment = reqwest::get("https://xena.greedo.xeserv.us/files/comment.json")
+      .await?
+      .json()
+      .await?;
+  println!("comment: {:#?}", c);
+  
+  Ok(())
+}
+```
+
+And then let's run this:
+
+```console
+$ cargo run --example http
+   Compiling xesite v2.0.1 (/home/cadey/code/christine.website)
+    Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 2.20s
+     Running `target/debug/examples/http`
+comment: Comment {
+    id: 31337,
+    author: Author {
+        id: 420,
+        name: "Cadey",
+    },
+    body: "hahaha its is an laughter image",
+    in_reply_to: 31335,
+}
+```
+
+[But what if the response status is not 200?](conversation://Mara/hmm)
+
+We can change the code to something like this:
+
+```rust
+let c: Comment = reqwest::get("https://xena.greedo.xeserv.us/files/comment2.json")
+    .await?
+    .error_for_status()?
+    .json()
+    .await?;
+```
+
+And then when we run it we get an error back:
+
+```console
+$ cargo run --example http_fail
+   Compiling xesite v2.0.1 (/home/cadey/code/christine.website)
+    Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 1.84s
+     Running `/home/cadey/code/christine.website/target/debug/examples/http_fail`
+Error: HTTP status client error (404 Not Found) for url (https://xena.greedo.xeserv.us/files/comment2.json)
+```
+
+This combined with the other features in `reqwest` give you an very capable HTTP
+client that does even more than Go's HTTP client does out of the box.
+
+### Server
+
+As for HTTP servers though, let's take a look at [`warp`](https://docs.rs/warp).
+`warp` is a HTTP server framework that builds on top of Rust's type system.
+You can add warp to your dependencies like this:
+
+```toml
+[dependencies]
+warp = "0.2"
+```
+
+Let's take a look at its ["Hello, World" example](https://github.com/seanmonstar/warp/blob/master/examples/hello.rs):
+
+```rust
+use warp::Filter;
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() {
+    // GET /hello/warp => 200 OK with body "Hello, warp!"
+    let hello = warp::path!("hello" / String)
+        .map(|name| format!("Hello, {}!", name));
+
+    warp::serve(hello)
+        .run(([127, 0, 0, 1], 3030))
+        .await;
+}
+```
+
+We can then build up multiple routes with its `or` pattern:
+
+```
+let hello = warp::path!("hello" / String)
+    .map(|name| format!("Hello, {}!", name));
+let health = warp::path!(".within" / "health")
+    .map(|| "OK");
+let routes = hello.or(health);
+```
+
+And even inject other datatypes into your handlers with filters such as in the
+[printer facts API server](https://tulpa.dev/cadey/printerfacts/src/branch/main/src/main.rs):
+
+```
+let fact = {
+    let facts = pfacts::make();
+    warp::any().map(move || facts.clone())
+};
+
+let fact_handler = warp::get()
+    .and(warp::path("fact"))
+    .and(fact.clone())
+    .and_then(give_fact);
+```
+
+`warp` is an extremely capable HTTP server and can work across everything you
+need for production-grade web apps.
+
+[The blog you are looking at right now is powered by
+warp!](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+## Templating
+
+Go's standard library also includes HTML and plain text templating with its
+packages [`html/template`](https://godoc.org/html/template) and
+[`text/template`](https://godoc.org/text/template). There are many solutions for
+templating HTML in Rust, but the one I like the most is
+[`ructe`](https://docs.rs/ructe). `ructe` uses Cargo's
+[build.rs](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/build-scripts.html) feature
+to generate Rust code for its templates at compile time. This allows your HTML
+templates to be compiled into the resulting application binary, allowing them to
+render at ludicrous speeds. To use it, you need to add it to your
+`build-dependencies` section of your `Cargo.toml`:
+
+```toml
+[build-dependencies]
+ructe = { version = "0.12", features = ["warp02"] }
+```
+
+You will also need to add the [`mime`](https://docs.rs/mime) crate to your
+dependencies because the generated template code will require it at runtime.
+
+```toml
+[dependencies]
+mime = "0.3.0"
+```
+
+Once you've done this, create a new folder named `templates` in your current
+working directory. Create a file called `hello.rs.html` and put the following in
+it:
+
+```html
+@(title: String, message: String)
+
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>@title</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <h1>@title</h1>
+    <p>@message</p>
+  </body>
+</html>
+```
+
+Now add the following to the bottom of your `main.rs` file:
+
+```rust
+include!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/templates.rs"));
+```
+
+And then use the template like this:
+
+```rust
+use warp::{http::Response, Filter, Rejection, Reply};
+
+async fn hello_html(message: String) -> Result<impl Reply, Rejection> {
+    Response::builder()
+        .html(|o| templates::index_html(o, "Hello".to_string(), message).unwrap().clone()))
+}
+```
+
+And hook it up in your main function:
+
+```rust
+let hello_html_rt = warp::path!("hello" / "html" / String)
+    .and_then(hello_html);
+    
+let routes = hello_html_rt.or(health).or(hello);
+```
+
+For a more comprehensive example, check out the [printerfacts
+server](https://tulpa.dev/cadey/printerfacts). It also shows how to handle 404
+responses and other things like that.
+
+---
+
+Wow, this covered a lot. I've included most of the example code in the
+[`examples`](https://github.com/Xe/site/tree/master/examples) folder of [this
+site's GitHub repo](https://github.com/Xe/site). I hope it will help you on your
+journey in Rust. This is documentation that I wish I had when I was learning
+Rust.

blog/scavenger-hunt-solution-2020-11-25.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,351 @@
+---
+title: Scavenger Hunt Solution
+date: 2020-11-25
+tags:
+ - ctf
+ - wasm
+ - steganography
+ - stenography
+---
+
+# Scavenger Hunt Solution
+
+On November 22, I sent a
+[tweet](https://twitter.com/theprincessxena/status/1330532765482311687) that
+contained the following text:
+
+```
+#467662 #207768 #7A7A6C #6B2061 #6F6C20 #6D7079 
+#7A6120 #616C7A #612E20 #5A6C6C #206F61 #61773A 
+#2F2F6A #6C6168 #6A6C68 #752E6A #736269 #2F6462 
+#796675 #612E6E #747020 #6D7679 #207476 #796C20 
+#70756D #767974 #686170 #76752E
+```
+
+This was actually the first part of a scavenger hunt/mini CTF that I had set up
+in order to see who went down the rabbit hole to solve it. I've had nearly a
+dozen people report back to me telling that they solved all of the puzzles and
+nearly all of them said they had a lot of fun. Here's how to solve each of the
+layers of the solution and how I created them.
+
+## Layer 1
+
+The first layer was that encoded tweet. If you notice, everything in it is
+formatted as HTML color codes. HTML color codes just so happen to be encoded in
+hexadecimal. Looking at the codes you can see `20` come up a lot, which happens
+to be the hex-encoded symbol for the spacebar. So, let's turn this into a
+continuous hex string with `s/#//g` and `s/ //g`:
+
+[If you've seen a `%20` in a URL before, that is the URL encoded form of the
+spacebar!](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+```
+4676622077687A7A6C6B20616F6C206D7079
+7A6120616C7A612E205A6C6C206F6161773A
+2F2F6A6C61686A6C68752E6A7362692F6462
+796675612E6E7470206D7679207476796C20
+70756D76797468617076752E
+```
+
+And then turn it into an ASCII string:
+
+> Fvb whzzlk aol mpyza alza. Zll oaaw://jlahjlhu.jsbi/dbyfua.ntp mvy tvyl pumvythapvu.
+
+[Wait, what? this doesn't look like much of anything...wait, look at the
+`oaaw://`. Could that be `http://`?](conversation://Mara/hmm)
+
+Indeed it is my perceptive shark friend! Let's decode the rest of the string
+using the [Caeser Cipher](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar_cipher):
+
+> You passed the first test. See http://cetacean.club/wurynt.gmi for more information.
+
+Now we're onto something!
+
+## Layer 2
+
+Opening http://cetacean.club/wurynt.gmi we see the following:
+
+> wurynt
+> 
+> a father of modern computing, <br />
+> rejected by his kin, <br />
+> for an unintentional sin, <br />
+> creator of a machine to break <br />
+> the cipher that this message is encoded in
+> 
+> bq cr di ej kw mt os px uz gh
+>
+> VI 1 1
+> I 17 1
+> III 12 1
+> 
+> qghja xmbzc fmqsb vcpzc zosah tmmho whyph lvnjj mpdkf gbsjl tnxqf ktqia mwogp
+> eidny awoxj ggjqz mbrcm tkmyd fogzt sqkga udmbw nmkhp jppqs xerqq gdsle zfxmq
+> yfdfj kuauk nefdc jkwrs cirut wevji pumqt hrxjr sfioj nbcrc nvxny vrphc r
+>
+> Correction for the last bit
+> 
+> gilmb egdcr sowab igtyq pbzgv gmlsq udftc mzhqz exbmx zaxth isghc hukhc zlrrk
+> cixhb isokt vftwy rfdyl qenxa nljca kyoej wnbpf uprgc igywv qzuud hrxzw gnhuz
+> kclku hefzk xtdpk tfjzu byfyi sqmel gweou acwsi ptpwv drhor ahcqd kpzde lguqt
+> wutvk nqprx gmiad dfdcm dpiwb twegt hjzdf vbkwa qskmf osjtk tcxle mkbnv iqdbe
+> oejsx lgqc
+
+[Hmm, "a father of computing", "rejected by his kin", "an unintentional sin",
+"creator of a machine to break a cipher" could that mean Alan Turing? He made
+something to break the Enigma cipher and was rejected by the British government
+for being gay right?](conversation://Mara/hmm)
+
+Indeed. Let's punch these settings into an [online enigma
+machine](https://cryptii.com/pipes/enigma-machine) and see what we get:
+
+```
+congr adula tions forfi gurin goutt hisen igmao famys teryy ouhav egott enfar
+thert hanan yonee lseha sbefo rehel pmebr eakfr eefol lowth ewhit erabb ittom
+araht tpyvz vgjiu ztkhf uhvjq roybx dswzz caiaq kgesk hutvx iplwa donio n
+
+httpc olons lashs lashw hyvec torze dgamm ajayi ndigo ultra zedfi vetan gokil
+ohalo fineu ltrah alove ctorj ayqui etrho omega yotta betax raysi xdonu tseve
+nsupe rwhyz edzed canad aasia indig oasia twoqu ietki logam maeps ilons uperk
+iloha loult rafou rtang ovect orsev ensix xrayi ndigo place limaw hyasi adelt
+adoto nion
+```
+
+And here is where I messed up with this challenge. Enigma doesn't handle
+numbers. It was designed to encode the 26 letters of the Latin alphabet. If you
+look at the last bit of the output you can see `onio n` and `o nion`. This
+points you to a [Tor hidden
+service](https://www.linuxjournal.com/content/tor-hidden-services), but because
+I messed this up the two hints point you at slightly wrong onion addresses (tor
+hidden service addresses usually have numbers in them). Once I realized this, I
+made a correction that just gives away the solution so people could move on to
+the next step.
+
+Onwards to
+http://yvzvgjiuz5tkhfuhvjqroybx6d7swzzcaia2qkgeskhu4tv76xiplwad.onion/!
+
+## Layer 3
+
+Open your [tor browser](https://www.torproject.org/download/) and punch in the
+onion URL. You should get a page that looks like this:
+
+![Mara's
+Realm](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/blog/Screenshot_20201125_101515.png)
+
+This shows some confusing combinations of letters and some hexadecimal text.
+We'll get back to the hexadecimal text in a moment, but let's take a closer look
+at the letters. There is a hint here to search the plover dictionary.
+[Plover](http://www.openstenoproject.org/) is a tool that allows hobbyists to
+learn [stenography](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stenotype) to type at the rate
+of human speech. My moonlander has a layer for typing out stenography strokes,
+so let's enable it and type them out:
+
+> Follow the white rabbit
+> 
+> Go to/test. w a s m
+
+Which we can reinterpret as:
+
+> Follow the white rabbit
+> 
+> Go to /test.wasm
+
+[The joke here is that many people seem to get stenography and steganography
+confused, so that's why there's stenography in this steganography
+challenge!](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+Going to /test.wasm we get a WebAssembly download. I've uploaded a copy to my
+blog's CDN
+[here](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/blog/test.wasm).
+
+## Layer 4
+
+Going back to that hexadecimal text from above, we see that it says this:
+
+> go get tulpa.dev/cadey/hlang
+
+This points to the source repo of [hlang](https://h.christine.website), which is
+a satirical "programming language" that can only print the letter `h` (or the
+lojbanic h `'` for that sweet sweet internationalisation cred). Something odd
+about hlang is that it uses [WebAssembly](https://webassembly.org/) to execute
+all programs written in it (this helps it reach its "no sandboxing required" and
+"zero* dependencies" goals).
+
+Let's decompile this WebAssembly file with
+[`wasm2wat`](https://webassembly.github.io/wabt/doc/wasm2wat.1.html)
+
+```console
+$ wasm2wat /data/test.wasm
+<output too big, see https://git.io/Jkyli>
+```
+
+Looking at the decompilation we can see that it imports a host function `h.h` as
+the hlang documentation suggests and then constantly calls it a bunch of times:
+
+```lisp
+(module
+  (type (;0;) (func (param i32)))
+  (type (;1;) (func))
+  (import "h" "h" (func (;0;) (type 0)))
+  (func (;1;) (type 1)
+    i32.const 121
+    call 0
+    i32.const 111
+    call 0
+    i32.const 117
+    call 0
+  ; ...
+```
+
+There's a lot of `32` in the output. `32` is the base 10 version of `0x20`,
+which is the space character in ASCII. Let's try to reformat the numbers to
+ascii characters and see what we get:
+
+> you made it, this is the end of the line however. writing all of this up takes
+> a lot of time. if you made it this far, email me@christine.website to get your
+> name entered into the hall of heroes. be well.
+
+## How I Implemented This
+
+Each layer was designed independently and then I started building them together
+later. 
+
+One of the first steps was to create the website for Mara's Realm. I started by
+writing out all of the prose into a file called `index.md` and then I ran
+[sw](https://github.com/jroimartin/sw) using [Pandoc](https://pandoc.org/) for
+markdown conversion.
+
+Then I created the WebAssembly binary by locally hacking a copy of hlang to
+allow arbitrary strings. I stuck it in the source directory for the website and
+told `sw` to not try and render it as markdown.
+
+Once I had the HTML source, I copied it to a machine on my network at
+`/srv/http/marahunt` using this command:
+
+```console
+$ rsync \
+    -avz \
+    site.static/ \
+    root@192.168.0.127:/srv/http/marahunt
+```
+
+And then I created a tor hidden service using the
+[services.tor.hiddenServices](https://search.nixos.org/options?channel=20.09&from=0&size=30&sort=relevance&query=services.tor.hiddenServices)
+options:
+
+```nix
+services.tor = {
+  enable = true;
+
+  hiddenServices = {
+    "hunt" = {
+      name = "hunt";
+      version = 3;
+      map = [{
+        port = 80;
+        toPort = 80;
+      }];
+    };
+  };
+};
+```
+
+Once I pushed this config to that server, I grabbed the hostname from
+`/var/lib/tor/onion/hunt/hostname` and set up an nginx virtualhost:
+
+```nix
+services.nginx = {
+  virtualHosts."yvzvgjiuz5tkhfuhvjqroybx6d7swzzcaia2qkgeskhu4tv76xiplwad.onion" =
+    {
+      root = "/srv/http/marahunt";
+    };
+};
+```
+
+And then I pushed the config again and tested it with curl:
+
+```console
+$ curl -H "Host: yvzvgjiuz5tkhfuhvjqroybx6d7swzzcaia2qkgeskhu4tv76xiplwad.onion" http://127.0.0.1 | grep title
+  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
+                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
+100  3043  100  3043    0     0  2971k      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 2971k
+<title>Mara's Realm</title>
+.headerSubtitle { font-size: 0.6em; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 1em; }
+<a href="index.html">Mara's Realm</a> <span class="headerSubtitle">sh0rk in the cloud</span>
+```
+
+Once I was satisfied with the HTML, I opened up an enigma encoder and started
+writing out the message congradulating the user for figuring out "this enigma of
+a mystery". I also included the onion URL (with the above mistake) in that
+message.
+
+Then I started writing the wurynt page on my
+[gemini](https://gemini.circumlunar.space/) server. wurynt was coined by blindly
+pressing 6 keys on my keyboard. I added a little poem about Alan Turing to give
+a hint that this was an enigma cipher and then copied the Enigma settings on the
+page just in case. It turned out that I was using the default settings for the
+[Cryptee Enigma simulator](https://cryptii.com/pipes/enigma-machine), so this
+was not needed; however it was probably better to include them regardless.
+
+This is where I messed up as I mentioned earlier. Once I realized my mistake in
+trying to encode the onion address twice, I decided it would be best to just
+give away the answer on the page, so I added the correct onion URL to the end of
+the enigma message so that it wouldn't break flow for people. 
+
+The final part was to write and encode the message that I would tweet out. I
+opened a scratch buffer and wrote out the "You passed the first test" line and
+then encoded it using the ceasar cipher and encoded the result of that into hex.
+After a lot of rejiggering and rewriting to make it have a multiple of 3
+characters of text, I reformatted it as HTML color codes and tweeted it without
+context.
+
+## Feedback I Got
+
+Some of the emails and twitter DM's I got had some useful and amusing feedback.
+Here's some of my favorites:
+
+> my favourite part was the opportunity to go down different various rabbit
+> holes (I got to learn about stenography and WASM, which I'd never looked
+> into!)
+
+> I want to sleep. It's 2 AM here, but a friend sent me the link an hour ago and
+> I'm a cat, so the curiosity killed me.
+
+> That was a fun little game. Thanks for putting it together.
+
+> oh *noooo* this is going to nerd snipe me
+
+> I'm amused that you left the online enigma emulator on default settings.
+
+> I swear to god I'm gonna beach your orca ass
+
+## Improvements For Next Time
+
+Next time I'd like to try and branch out from just using ascii. I'd like to
+throw other encodings into the game (maybe even have a stage written in EBCDIC
+formatted Esperanto or something crazy like that). I was also considering having
+some public/private key crypto in the mix to stretch people's skillsets.
+
+Something I will definitely do next time is make sure that all of the layers are
+solveable. I really messed up with the enigma step and I had to unblock people
+by DMing them the answer. Always make sure your puzzles can be solved.
+
+## Hall of Heroes
+
+(in no particular order)
+
+- Saphire Lattice
+- Open Skies
+- Tralomine
+- AstroSnail
+- Dominika
+- pbardera
+- Max Hollman
+- Vojtěch
+- [object Object]
+- Bytewave
+
+Thank you for solving this! I'm happy this turned out so successfully. More to
+come in the future.
+
+🙂

blog/site-update-2020-07-16.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+---
+title: "Site Update: Rewrite in Rust"
+date: 2020-07-16
+tags:
+ - rust
+---
+
+# Site Update: Rewrite in Rust
+
+Hello there! You are reading this post thanks to a lot of effort, research and
+consultation that has resulted in a complete from-scratch rewrite of this
+website in [Rust](https://rust-lang.org). The original implementation in Go is
+available [here](https://github.com/Xe/site/releases/tag/v1.5.0) should anyone
+want to reference that for any reason.
+
+If you find any issues with the [RSS feed](/blog.rss), [Atom feed](/blog.atom)
+or [JSONFeed](/blog.json), please let me know as soon as possible so I can fix
+them.
+
+This website stands on the shoulder of giants. Here are just a few of those and
+how they add up into this whole package.
+
+## comrak
+
+All of my posts are written in
+[markdown](https://github.com/Xe/site/blob/master/blog/all-there-is-is-now-2019-05-25.markdown).
+[comrak](https://github.com/kivikakk/comrak) is a markdown parser written by a
+friend of mine that is as fast and as correct as possible. comrak does the job
+of turning all of that markdown (over 150 files at the time of writing this
+post) into the HTML that you are reading right now. It also supports a lot of
+common markdown extensions, which I use heavily in my posts.
+
+## warp
+
+[warp](https://github.com/seanmonstar/warp) is the web framework I use for Rust.
+It gives users a set of filters that add up into entire web applications. For an
+example, see this example from its readme:
+
+```rust
+use warp::Filter;
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() {
+    // GET /hello/warp => 200 OK with body "Hello, warp!"
+    let hello = warp::path!("hello" / String)
+        .map(|name| format!("Hello, {}!", name));
+
+    warp::serve(hello)
+        .run(([127, 0, 0, 1], 3030))
+        .await;
+}
+```
+
+This can then be built up into something like this:
+
+```rust
+let site = index
+    .or(contact.or(feeds).or(resume.or(signalboost)).or(patrons))
+    .or(blog_index.or(series.or(series_view).or(post_view)))
+    .or(gallery_index.or(gallery_post_view))
+    .or(talk_index.or(talk_post_view))
+    .or(jsonfeed.or(atom).or(rss.or(sitemap)))
+    .or(files.or(css).or(favicon).or(sw.or(robots)))
+    .or(healthcheck.or(metrics_endpoint).or(go_vanity_jsonfeed))
+    // ...
+```
+
+which is the actual routing setup for this website!
+
+## ructe
+
+In the previous version of this site, I used Go's
+[html/template](https://godoc.org/html/template). Rust does not have an
+equivalent of html/template in its standard library. After some research, I
+settled on [ructe](https://github.com/kaj/ructe) for the HTML templates. ructe
+works by preprocessing templates using a little domain-specific language that
+compiles down to Rust source code. This makes the templates become optimized
+with the rest of the program and enables my website to render most pages in less
+than 100 microseconds. Here is an example template (the one for
+[/patrons](/patrons)):
+
+```html
+@use patreon::Users;
+@use super::{header_html, footer_html};
+
+@(users: Users)
+
+@:header_html(Some("Patrons"), None)
+
+<h1>Patrons</h1>
+
+<p>These awesome people donate to me on <a href="https://patreon.com/cadey">Patreon</a>.
+If you would like to show up in this list, please donate to me on Patreon. This
+is refreshed every time the site is deployed.</p>
+
+<p>
+    <ul>
+        @for user in users {
+            <li>@user.attributes.full_name</li>
+        }
+    </ul>
+</p>
+
+@:footer_html()
+```
+
+The templates compile down to Rust, which lets me include other parts of the
+program into the templates. Here I use that to take a list of users from the
+incredibly hacky Patreon API client I wrote for this website and iterate over
+it, making a list of every patron by name.
+
+## Build Process
+
+As a nice side effect of this rewrite, my website is now completely built using
+[Nix](https://nixos.org/). This allows the website to be built reproducibly, as
+well as a full development environment setup for free for anyone that checks out
+the repo and runs `nix-shell`. Check out
+[naersk](https://github.com/nmattia/naersk) for the secret sauce that enables my
+docker image build. See [this blogpost](/blog/drone-kubernetes-cd-2020-07-10)
+for more information about this build process (though my site uses GitHub
+Actions instead of Drone).
+
+## `jsonfeed` Go package
+
+I used to have a [JSONFeed](https://www.jsonfeed.org/) package publicly visible
+at the go import path `christine.website/jsonfeed`. As far as I know I'm the
+only person who ended up using it; but in case there are any private repos that
+I don't know about depending on it, I have made the jsonfeed package available
+at its old location as well as its source code
+[here](https://tulpa.dev/Xe/jsonfeed). You may have to update your `go.mod` file
+to import `christine.website/jsonfeed` instead of `christine.website`. If
+something ends up going wrong as a result of this, please [file a GitHub issue
+here](https://github.com/Xe/site/issues/new) and I can attempt to assist
+further.
+
+## `go_vanity` crate
+
+I have written a small go vanity import crate and exposed it in my Git repo. If
+you want to use it, add it to your `Cargo.toml` like this:
+
+```toml
+[dependencies]
+go_vanity = { git = "https://github.com/Xe/site", branch = "master" }
+```
+
+You can then use it from any warp application by calling `go_vanity::github` or
+`go_vanity::gitea` like this:
+
+```rust
+let go_vanity_jsonfeed = warp::path("jsonfeed")
+    .and(warp::any().map(move || "christine.website/jsonfeed"))
+    .and(warp::any().map(move || "https://tulpa.dev/Xe/jsonfeed"))
+    .and_then(go_vanity::gitea);
+```
+
+I plan to add full documentation to this crate soon as well as release it
+properly on crates.io.
+
+## `patreon` crate
+
+I have also written a small [Patreon](https://www.patreon.com/) API client and
+made it available in my Git repo. If you want to use it, add it to your
+`Cargo.toml` like this:
+
+```toml
+[dependencies]
+patreon = { git = "https://github.com/Xe/site", branch = "master" }
+```
+
+This client is _incredibly limited_ and only supports the minimum parts of the
+Patreon API that are required for my website to function. Patreon has also
+apparently started to phase out support for its API anyways, so I don't know how
+long this will be useful.
+
+But this is there should you need it!
+
+## Dhall Kubernetes Manifest
+
+I also took the time to port the kubernetes manifest to
+[Dhall](https://dhall-lang.org/). This allows me to have a type-safe kubernetes
+manifest that will correctly have all of the secrets injected for me from the
+environment of the deploy script.
+
+---
+
+These are the biggest giants that my website now sits on. The code for this
+rewrite is still a bit messy. I'm working on making it better, but my goal is to
+have this website's code shine as an example of how to best write this kind of
+website in Rust. Check out the code [here](https://github.com/Xe/site).

blog/site-update-rss-bandwidth-2021-01-14.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+---
+title: "Site Update: RSS Bandwidth Fixes"
+date: 2021-01-14
+tags:
+ - devops
+ - optimization
+---
+
+# Site Update: RSS Bandwidth Fixes
+
+Well, so I think I found out where my Kubernetes cluster cost came from. For
+context, this blog gets a lot of traffic. Since the last deploy, my blog has
+served its RSS feed over 19,000 times. I have some pretty naiive code powering
+the RSS feed. It basically looked something like this:
+
+- Write RSS feed content-type and beginning of feed
+- For every post I have ever made, include its metadata and content
+- Write end of RSS feed
+
+This code was _fantastically simple_ to develop, however it was very expensive
+in terms of bandwidth. When you add all this up, my RSS feed used to be more
+than a _one megabyte_ response. It was also only getting larger as I posted more
+content.
+
+This is unsustainable, so I have taken multiple actions to try and fix this from
+several angles.
+
+<blockquote class="twitter-tweet"><p lang="en" dir="ltr">Rationale: this is my
+most commonly hit and largest endpoint. I want to try and cut down its size.
+<br><br>current feed (everything): 1356706 bytes<br>20 posts: 177931 bytes<br>10
+posts: 53004 bytes<br>5 posts: 29318 bytes <a
+href="https://t.co/snjnn8RFh8">pic.twitter.com/snjnn8RFh8</a></p>&mdash; Cadey
+A. Ratio (@theprincessxena) <a
+href="https://twitter.com/theprincessxena/status/1349892662871150594?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">January
+15, 2021</a></blockquote> <script async
+src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
+
+[Yes, that graph is showing in _gigabytes_. We're so lucky that bandwidth is
+free on Hetzner.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+First I finally set up the site to run behind Cloudflare. The Cloudflare
+settings are set very permissively, so your RSS feed reading bots or whatever
+should NOT be affected by this change. If you run into any side effects as a
+result of this change, [contact me](/contact) and I can fix it.
+
+Second, I also now set cache control headers on every response. By default the
+"static" pages are cached for a day and the "dynamic" pages are cached for 5
+minutes. This should allow new posts to show up quickly as they have previously.
+
+Thirdly, I set up
+[ETags](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/ETag) for the
+feeds. Each of my feeds will send an ETag in a response header. Please use this
+tag in future requests to ensure that you don't ask for content you already
+have. From what I recall most RSS readers should already support this, however
+I'll monitor the situation as reality demands.
+
+Lastly, I adjusted the
+[ttl](https://cyber.harvard.edu/rss/rss.html#ltttlgtSubelementOfLtchannelgt) of
+the RSS feed so that compliant feed readers should only check once per day. I've
+seen some feed readers request the feed up to every 5 minutes, which is very
+excessive. Hopefully this setting will gently nudge them into behaving.
+
+As a nice side effect I should have slightly lower ram usage on the blog server
+too! Right now it's sitting at about 58 and a half MB of ram, however with fewer
+copies of my posts sitting in memory this should fall by a significant amount.
+
+If you have any feedback about this, please [contact me](/contact) or mention me
+on Twitter. I read my email frequently and am notified about Twitter mentions
+very quickly.

blog/super-bootable-64-2020-05-06.markdown

@@ -37,9 +37,9 @@ identical source code that could be used to create a byte-for-byte identical
 copy of your program's binary. But surely nobody would do that, that would be
 crazy, wouldn't it?
 
-<center>![Noooo! You can't just port a Nintendo 64 game to LibGL! They're
+![Noooo! You can't just port a Nintendo 64 game to LibGL! They're
 completely different hardware! It wouldn't respect the wishes of the creators!
-Hahaha porting machine go brrrrrrrr](/static/blog/portingmachinegobrrr.png)</center>
+Hahaha porting machine go brrrrrrrr](/static/blog/portingmachinegobrrr.png)
 
 Someone did. The fruits of this effort are available [here][sm64dc]. This was
 mostly a proof of concept and is a masterpiece in its own right. However,

blog/templeos-1-installation-and-basic-use-2019-05-20.markdown

@@ -111,33 +111,23 @@ Make sure to remove the TempleOS live CD from your hardware or it will be booted
 
 The [TempleOS Bootloader](https://github.com/Xe/TempleOS/blob/1dd8859b7803355f41d75222d01ed42d5dda057f/Adam/Opt/Boot/BootMHDIns.HC#L69) presents a helpful menu to let you choose if you want to boot from a copy of the old boot record (preserved at install time), drive C or drive D. Press 1:
 
-<center>
 ![TempleOS boot, picking the partition](/static/img/tos/tos_boot_1.png)
-</center>
 
 The first boot requires the dictionary to be uncompressed as well as other housekeeping chores, so let it do its thing:
 
-<center>
 ![TempleOS boot, chores](/static/img/tos/tos_boot_2.png)
-</center>
 
 Once it is done, you will see if the option to take the tour. I highly suggest going through this tour, but that is beyond the scope of this article, so we'll assume you pressed `n`:
 
-<center>
 ![TempleOS boot, denying the tour](/static/img/tos/tos_boot_3.png)
-</center>
 
 ### Using the Compiler
 
-<center>
 ![TempleOS boot, HolyC prompt](/static/img/tos/tos_boot_4.png)
-</center>
 
 The "shell" is itself an interface to the HolyC (similar to C) compiler. There is no difference between a "shell" REPL and a HolyC repl. This is stupidly powerful:
 
-<center>
 ![TempleOS hello world](/static/img/tos/tos_compiler_1.png)
-</center>
 
 ```
 "Hello, world\n";
@@ -147,37 +137,25 @@ Let's make this into a "program" and disassemble it. This is way easier than it
 
 Open a new file with `Ed("HelloWorld.HC");` (the semicolon is important):
 
-<center>
 ![TempleOS opening a file](/static/img/tos/tos_compiler_2.png)
-</center>
 
-<center>
 ![TempleOS editor screen](/static/img/tos/tos_compiler_3.png)
-</center>
 
 Now press Alt-Shift-a to kill autocomplete:
 
-<center>
 ![TempleOS sans autocomplete](/static/img/tos/tos_compiler_4.png)
-</center>
 
 Click the `X` in the upper right-hand corner to close the other shell window:
 
-<center>
 ![TempleOS sans other window](/static/img/tos/tos_compiler_5.png)
-</center>
 
 Finally press drag the right side of the window to maximize the editor pane:
 
-<center>
 ![TempleOS full screen editor](/static/img/tos/tos_compiler_6.png)
-</center>
 
 Let's put the hello word example into the program and press `F5` to run it:
 
-<center>
 ![TempleOS hello world in a file](/static/img/tos/tos_compiler_7.png)
-</center>
 
 Neat! Close that shell window that just popped up. Let's put this hello world code into a function:
 
@@ -191,9 +169,7 @@ HelloWorld;
 
 Now press `F5` again:
 
-<center>
 ![TempleOS hello world from a function](/static/img/tos/tos_compiler_8.png)
-</center>
 
 Let's disassemble it:
 
@@ -205,9 +181,7 @@ U0 HelloWorld() {
 Uf("HelloWorld");
 ```
 
-<center>
 ![TempleOS hello world disassembled](/static/img/tos/tos_compiler_9.png)
-</center>
 
 The `Uf` function also works with anything else, including things like the editor:
 
@@ -215,15 +189,11 @@ The `Uf` function also works with anything else, including things like the edito
 Uf("Ed");
 ```
 
-<center>
 ![TempleOS editor disassembled](/static/img/tos/tos_compiler_10.png)
-</center>
 
 All of the red underscored things that look like links actually are links to the source code of functions. While the HolyC compiler builds things, it internally keeps a sourcemap (much like webapp sourcemaps or how gcc relates errors at runtime to lines of code for the developer) of all of the functions it compiles. Let's look at the definition of `Free()`:
 
-<center>
 ![TempleOS Free() function](/static/img/tos/tos_compiler_11.png)
-</center>
 
 And from here you can dig deeper into the kernel source code.
 

blog/the-dwarven-cavern-6e-2020-06-28.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,338 @@
+---
+title: "The Dwarven Cavern - A Beginner 6E Adventure"
+date: 2020-06-28
+series: thesource
+tags:
+ - 6e
+---
+
+# The Dwarven Cavern - A Beginner 6E Adventure
+
+Recently itch.io had [one of the largest game bundles in history][itchbundle]
+and one of the things in it was this humble game named [6E][6e]. Some friends
+and I have started up a small group that meets on the weekends to spend a few
+hours with an adventure. I've been writing a few adventures for them, and I
+would like to start sharing their archetypes. These will all be included in a
+small zine that describes the systems we have built on top of 6E that I'm
+calling [The Source](https://www.patreon.com/posts/source-v0-1-38587786). This
+PDF will be available publicly once it is closer to done (however if you really
+want a copy early on to dig at it, let me know and we can surely work something
+out).
+
+[itchbundle]: https://itch.io/b/520/bundle-for-racial-justice-and-equality
+[6e]: https://s-jared.itch.io/6e
+
+Today, I would like to share the details that went into writing the most recent
+adventure: The Dwarven Cavern. This was derived from One Page Dungeons by
+[Geoffrey Cullop](https://twitter.com/cullopgeoffrey), specifically this is a
+variant of Kobold Caverns on page 5. Please note that the experience, gold and
+hitpoints of enemies are balanced for the group I play with, and will probably
+need to be adjusted for other parties of adventurers. This should work for
+players at level 1-3. By the end they should gain enough experience to level up
+once. My group is also very stun-heavy, so that makes my job of attempting to
+balance things really interesting.
+
+Like most great adventures, this starts at a humble tavern, The Flying
+Ombudsman.
+
+## The Flying Ombudsman
+
+The players start off in The Flying Ombudsman, a tavern in the town of
+LAST\_TOWN\_YOUR\_PLAYERS\_WERE\_IN. There are a few people sitting at the bar
+and drinking steamy mugs of grog. There is a salesperson sitting at one of the
+tables fidgeting with a golden scepter head and looks like she has plenty of
+items should people want them. There is someone rather sad sitting at another of
+the tables, looking like he has suffered a great loss.
+
+For extra immersion, have the NPC's speak with a slightly Irish accent. For
+extra fun, throw in random words from scottish, english and australian accents.
+Keeps the players thinking.
+
+When players ask the bartender for a mug o' grog, he will sell them one for 5
+gold (limit 4 each player). If players ask for the history behind the name,
+explain to the players the information in The Story of Hol below.
+
+The salesperson at the top sells the following:
+
+| Name                     | Effect                                                           | Price    |
+| :----------------------  | :--------------------------------------------------------------- | :------- |
+| 3x potion of cure poison | Cures poison and grants 2hp                                      | 15g each |
+| Golden Scepter head      | Doesn't look like it does anything if it's not on top of a staff | 50g      |
+
+You may want to add a few more items to this list. I need to draw up a table
+for items that salespeople like this can have.
+
+The salesperson can also get you a room at the inn for 30g. It is big enough to
+hold all of the party.
+
+When players talk to the person at the bottom, they get a sad story about the
+hoe-pocalypse that threatens the end of the village the person comes from.
+Dwarves snuck up from underground and stole the hoe from him, making it
+difficult to feed his hamlet. He asks the adventurers to go to the cavern the
+dwarves live in and get them back. The players should eventually agree to do it,
+and the NPC will progressively offer more and more gold as a reward. A charisma
+check will get him to throw in some salted meat as a reward.
+
+### The Story of Hol
+
+The bartender previously ran a failing tavern, and was running out of hope and
+money. One day, the bartender found a weird looking mug and found that it could
+be used to talk with the gods. He eventually found a god named Hol. Hol offered
+him the recipe for the strongest alcohol he could possibly make, for a price.
+The bartender agreed without further thought and gained the ability to make
+intensely strong alcohol, but lost his ability to negotiate permanently.
+
+One day the local ombudsman got news of how strong the liquor was and decided to
+enforce some obscure liquor control law to get the strength reduced. The bartender
+refused to negotiate and it escalated into a situation where the bartender kicked
+the ombudsman so hard that he flew into the wall. People started calling the
+tavern "the place where the ombudsman flew" and that eventually evolved into the
+name The Flying Ombudsman.
+
+Business has been booming ever since.
+
+## The Cave
+
+The first part has 1 mechanical trap around the second corner, players will need
+to work their way through it with low light or to grab a working torch off the
+wall. The trap does 1d4 damage.
+
+The tunnel opens into a guard station, the dwarf archers wait behind cover for
+players to get in range of their shortbows. If they get within 10 feet of the
+archers, they fall back to the room behind them to the left. The Archers have 6
+hp and grant 100xp on defeat.
+
+The room behind and to the left is a labratory that is very well-lit. Lots of
+weird liquid in flasks, scientific equipment, etc. There is a Dwarf Grenadier
+there and will attack you on sight. He throws alchemical grenades at range (1d6
+damage, =6 -> random elemental effect), If the players get within melee range of
+the Grenadier then he will use a poisoned dagger. If the guards retreated then
+he will use them as meat shields. He has 25 hp. He drops 1d4 alchemical grenades
+and also drops his poisoned dagger. He grants 300xp on defeat.
+
+The bigger chamber is the dwarven living area. Plenty of beds to hide behind,
+but there are 1d6 dwarves living in there. They attack on sight, but flee south
+if their attack goes poorly. The dwarves each grant 100xp on defeat. There is a
+chest in there that is actually a mimic. It drops an Amulet of Chest on defeat.
+
+The room south is the home of Bubba the Bugbear, a hired goon of the dwarves.
+Bubba and the remaining dwarves make their last stand here. Bubba grants 500xp
+on defeat and has 30hp and 1d6+2 attack damage with his giant club.
+
+The final room is the treasure room, which contains the stolen hoe, some other
+farming equipment and 250 gold. After this the dungeon is cleared and players
+gain experience from their journey, then go back to The Flying Ombudsman
+victorious. The quest NPC will award them with however many gold they agreed to
+and any items they also agreed to.
+
+## Enemies
+
+### Dwarf Archer
+*Decent guard, horrible foresight*
+
+- **Hit Points** 6
+
+| STR   | DEX   | CON   | INT   | WIS   | CHA   |
+| :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: |
+| 0     | +1    | 0     | -2    | -2    | 0     |
+
+- **Condition Immunities** drunk, groggy
+- **Senses** Night-vision
+- **Languages** Dwarf
+- **Challenge** 2 (100xp)
+
+***Keep-away.*** Will flee at the first sign of trouble.
+
+#### Actions
+***Crossbow.*** *Ranged Attack:* 1d4 damage
+
+### Dwarf Grenadier
+*Mad scientist, crazier inventions*
+
+- **Hit Points** 25
+
+| STR   | DEX   | CON   | INT   | WIS   | CHA   |
+| :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: |
+| 0     | +1    | -2    | +2    | 0     | +1    |
+
+- **Condition Immunities** drunk, groggy
+- **Senses** Night-vision
+- **Languages** Dwarf
+- **Challenge** 6 (300xp)
+
+***Insane.*** Will do things that normal enemies would not.
+
+#### Actions
+***Alchemical Grenade.*** *Ranged Attack:* 1d6 damage plus elemental effect if
+6 damage. See table for Alchemical Grenades.
+
+***Poisoned Dagger.*** *Melee Attack:* 1d4 damage. On hit player must roll for
+constitution. If the check fails they get _disadvantage_ for their throws the
+next 1d3 turns.
+
+### Dwarf
+*Underground folk that love digging*
+
+**Hit Points** 6
+
+| STR   | DEX   | CON   | INT   | WIS   | CHA   |
+| :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: |
+| 0     | +1    | 0     | -2    | -2    | 0     |
+
+- **Condition Immunities** drunk, groggy
+- **Senses** Night-vision
+- **Languages** Dwarf
+- **Challenge** 2 (100xp)
+
+***Short and Stout.*** Easily able to hit enemies below the belt.
+
+#### Actions
+***Dagger.*** *Melee Attack:* 1d4 damage
+
+### Mimic
+*Just an ordinary chest, don't question it*
+
+- **Hit Points** 14
+
+| STR   | DEX   | CON   | INT   | WIS   | CHA   |
+| :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: |
+| 0     | 0     | -2    | 0     | 0     | -1    |
+
+- **Condition Immunities** burn, poison
+- **Languages** None
+- **Challenge** 5 (250xp)
+
+***Unsuspicious.*** Come on, the chest wouldn't be alive, would it?
+
+#### Actions
+***Omnomnom*** *Melee Attack:* 1d6 piercing damage, gets advantage if the player
+tries to open the chest.
+
+### Bubba the Bugbear
+
+*From Bubba with Love*
+
+- **Hit Points** 30
+
+| STR   | DEX   | CON   | INT   | WIS   | CHA   |
+| :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: |
+| +2    | +2    | +1    | -2    | 0     | -1    |
+
+- **Condition Immunities** blinded
+- **Languages** Dwarf
+- **Challenge** 10 (500xp)
+
+***Unreasonable.*** Does not respond well to trickery.
+
+#### Actions
+***Whomp.*** *Melee Attack:* 1d6+2 damage, piercing if the player fails a
+constitution check.
+
+## Items
+
+These are the unique items specific to this quest.
+
+### Mug of Grog
+
+A wooden/iron mug full of the barkeep's grog. Consuming it gives you the
+following stat boosts for 3 turns:
+
+| STR   | DEX   | CON   | INT   | WIS   | CHA   |
+| :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: |
+| +0    | -1    | +0    | -1    | -1    | +3    |
+
+This bonus does not stack. When you drink the grog, you keep the mug and can use
+it to bludgeon people for normal attack damage. It can also be used as a tool to
+check for traps.
+
+Does not sell, purchasable for 5g.
+
+### Golden Scepter Head
+
+A golden scepter head that looks like The Grand Nagus from Star Trek. It has no
+effect outside of when it's put on a staff. When it is on a staff it gives you
+25% more gold when you collect gold from places. This has 5 charges and cannot
+be refreshed.
+
+Sells for 50g, purchases for 50g.
+
+### Alchemical Grenades
+
+Standard grenades that look like they are made out of wood, metal, insanity and
+magic. They do d6 damage normally, but when you crit with one it also causes one
+of the following status effects (roll a d4):
+
+
+#### Alchemical Effects
+
+|   Roll | Effect                                                                                                                                                                                          |
+| :----: | :-------------                                                                                                                                                                                  |
+|      1 | Acid makes the entity take off their armor                                                                                                                                                      |
+|      2 | The entity rolls a constitution check, if it fails they get poisoned and need to roll for constitution before every action, passing removes the poison, failing makes them not have any action. |
+|      3 | The entity is burned for 1d4 damage every turn they fail a constitution check.                                                                                                                  |
+|      4 | The entity is stunned for 1d3 turns.                                                                                                                                                            |
+
+Sells for 25g each, unpurchaseable.
+
+### Poisoned Dagger
+
+A standard dagger that gives no distinct bonuses. However when you use it as a
+normal dagger, you need to roll for constitution in addition to rolling for
+strength. If you fail the constitution check (but pass the strength check), you
+get poisoned from the poison streaking out of the dagger.
+
+The poison has 5 charges.
+
+Merchants do not want to take the risk buying it and will have you pay them for its
+disposal. This cannot be purchased.
+
+### Bubba's Clubba
+
+A rather large mace that does +2 damage. It is a giant thing designed for a
+9-foot tall centaur. It takes up three slots in your inventory. It looks 
+imposing and may require a lot of strength to use properly.
+
+Sells for 25g.
+
+### Amulet of Chest
+
+This cursed amulet lets the holder transform into a harmless looking treasure
+chest, but also grants them advantage if an enemy tries to open it. After 4
+transformations, they need to roll a charisma check when they try to turn back.
+If that fails, they stay a chest for an hour (with arms/legs/a mouth/etc). After
+4 more transformations, they turn into a mimic permanently. The transformation 
+count stays persistent until someone becomes a mimic, then it resets to zero.
+
+Merchants will pay 100 gold for it, but will only accept it after the player
+rolls for charisma.
+
+## Dungeon Map
+
+![](https://xena.greedo.xeserv.us/6E/img/kja4u2A.png)
+
+## Adventure Highlights
+
+When I ran this yesterday, the following amazing things happened:
+
+- The players used a crossbow from a previous adventure and a torch to hit the
+  grenades held by the grenadier, vaporizing it from 5 grenades exploding at once.
+- The Artificer shield-bashed one of the dwarves so hard that it ricocheted into
+  the other dwarves like pool balls. That caused a lot of damage to all of the
+  enemies.
+- The Monk critted a Ki art and shredded an archer with their claws, making the
+  other archer flee.
+- The Thief straight up banished a dwarf to the shadow realm with a slingshot
+  hit.
+
+I still wonder how they are going to use that Cursed Amulet of Chest though.
+
+---
+
+Thank you [@infinite_mao](https://twitter.com/infinite_mao) for making 6E. I can
+only hope that my buying your stuff separately and making this content for 6E
+can help give back to the community.
+
+Feedback on the balance of this is very welcome. I openly welcome any and all
+feedback about how this quest could be rebalanced to be a bit less lopsided in
+favor of the players. I also wanted to err on the side of balancing towards the
+players to avoid an unwanted party death.

blog/the-itch-2020-10-11.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+---
+title: The Itch
+date: 2020-10-11
+tags:
+ - 100DaysToOffload
+---
+
+# The Itch
+
+I write a lot. I code a lot. This leads to people asking me questions like "how
+do you have the energy to do that?" or "why do you keep doing that day in and
+day out?". I was reading [this
+post](https://aarontag.dev/2020/06/14/the-urge.html) that I found linked in the
+Forbidden Orange Site's comments and it really resonated with me.
+
+At the core, I have this deep burning sensation to try things out to see what
+they are like. It's like this itch deep in me that I can only scratch with
+writing, coding or sometimes even just answering people's questions in
+chatrooms. This itch is a catalyst to my productivity. It powers my daily work
+and makes me able to do what I do in order to make things better for everyone.
+
+However, sometimes the itch isn't there. Sometimes it makes me want to focus on
+something else. Trying to do something else without the itch empowering me can
+feel like swimming upstream with heavy chains wrapped around me. My greatest
+boon is simultaneously my greatest vice. 
+
+I don't really know how to handle the days where it's not working. I try to save
+up my sick and vacation days so that I can avoid burning myself out on the bad
+days. Things like this are why I am a huge fan of unlimited vacation policies.
+Unlimited vacation does mean that I get paid out less money when I leave a job;
+however it means that I have the freedom to have bad days and let the good days
+tank me through the bad days so that I come out above average.
+
+Trying to explain this to people can feel stressful. Especially to a manager.
+I've had some bad experiences with that in the past. Phrase this wrong, and some
+people will hear "I don't want to do this work ever" instead of "I can't do this
+work today". This especially sucks when deadlines roll in and that vital itch
+goes away, leaving me at half capacity at the worst possible time. 
+
+This itch leads me to set increasing standards on myself too. It's had some
+negative sides in that it makes me feel like I need to make everything better
+than the last thing. Each post better than the previous ones. Each project
+implementation better than the last. Onwards and onwards into a spiral that sets
+the bar so high I stress myself out trying to approach it.
+
+I haven't kept to my informal goal to have at least one post per week on this
+blog because of that absurdly high standard I set for myself. I'm going to try
+and change this. I'm going to start participating in [100 days to
+offload](https://100daystooffload.com). Expect some shorter and more focused
+posts for the immediate future. I am going to be working on the Rust series,
+however each part of it will be in isolation from here on out instead of the
+longer multifaceted posts.
+
+This is day 1 of my 100 days to offload.
+
+Also be sure to check out my post on
+[Palisade](https://tech.lightspeedhq.com/palisade-version-bumping-at-scale-in-ci/),
+a version bumping tool for GitHub repositories.

blog/the-source-version-1-2020-12-25.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+---
+title: The Source Version 1.0.0 Release
+date: 2020-12-25
+tags:
+ - ttrpg
+---
+
+# The Source Version 1.0.0 Release
+
+After hours of work and adjustment, I have finally finished version 1 of my
+tabletop roleplaying game The Source. It is available on
+[itch.io](https://withinstudios.itch.io/q7rvfw33fw) with an added 50% discount
+for readers of my blog. This discount will only last for the next two weeks.
+
+<iframe src="https://itch.io/embed/866470?linkback=true" width="552"
+height="167" frameborder="0"><a
+href="https://withinstudios.itch.io/the-source">The Source by
+Within</a></iframe>
+
+Patrons (of any price tier) can claim a free copy
+[here](https://withinstudios.itch.io/the-source/patreon-access). Your support
+gives me so much.
+
+Merry christmas all.

blog/trisiel-update-2020-12-04.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+---
+title: Trisiel Update
+date: 2020-12-04
+series: olin
+tags:
+ - trisiel
+---
+
+# Trisiel Update
+
+The project I formerly called
+[wasmcloud](/blog/wasmcloud-progress-domains-2020-10-31) has now been renamed to
+Trisiel after the discovery of a name conflict. The main domain for Trisiel is
+now https://trisiel.com to avoid any confusions between our two projects.
+
+Planning for implementing and hosting Trisiel is still in progress. I will give
+more updates as they are ready to be released. To get more up to the minute
+information please follow the twitter account
+[@trisielcloud](https://twitter.com/trisielcloud), I will be posting there as I
+have more information.
+
+> I am limitless. There is no cage or constraint that can corral me into one
+> constant place. I am limitless. I can change, shift, overcome, transform,
+> because I am not bound to a thing that serves me, and my body serves me.
+
+Quantusum, James Mahu

blog/twitter-plea-2020-12-14.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+---
+title: Plea to Twitter
+date: 2020-12-14
+---
+
+**NOTE**: This is a very different kind of post compared to what I usually
+write. If you or anyone you know works at Twitter, please link this to them. I
+am in a unique situation and the normal account recovery means do not work. If
+you work at Twitter and are reading this, my case number is [redacted].
+
+**EDIT**(19:51 M12 14 2020): My account is back. Thank you anonymous Twitter
+support people. For everyone else, please take this as an example of how
+**NOT** to handle account issues. The fact that I had to complain loudly on
+Twitter to get this weird edge case taken care of is ludicrous. I'd gladly pay
+Twitter just to have a support mechanism that gets me an actual human without
+having to complain on Twitter.
+
+# Plea to Twitter
+
+On Sunday, December 13, 2020, I noticed that I was locked out of my Twitter
+account. If you go to [@theprincessxena](https://twitter.com/theprincessxena)
+today, you will see that the account is locked out for "unusual activity". I
+don't know what I did to cause this to happen (though I have a few theories) and
+I hope to explain them in the headings below. I have gotten no emails or contact
+from Twitter about this yet. I have a backup account at
+[@CadeyRatio](https://twitter.com/CadeyRatio) as a stopgap. I am also on
+mastodon as [@cadey@mst3k.interlinked.me](https://mst3k.interlinked.me/@cadey).
+
+In place of my tweeting about quarantine life, I am writing about my experiences
+[here](http://cetacean.club/journal/).
+
+## Why I Can't Unlock My Account
+
+I can't unlock my account the normal way because I forgot to set up two factor
+authentication and I also forgot to change the phone number registered with the
+account to my Canadian one when I [moved to
+Canada](/blog/life-update-2019-05-16). I remembered to do this change for all of
+the other accounts I use regularly except for my Twitter account.
+
+In order to stop having to pay T-Mobile $70 per month, I transferred my phone
+number to [Twilio](https://www.twilio.com/). This combined with some clever code
+allowed me to gracefully migrate to my new Canadian number. Unfortunately,
+Twitter flat-out refuses to send authentication codes to Twilio numbers. It's
+probably to prevent spam, but it would be nice if there was an option to get the
+authentication code over a phone call.
+
+## Theory 1: International Travel
+
+Recently I needed to travel internationally in order to start my new job at
+[Tailscale](https://tailscale.com/). Due to an unfortunate series of events over
+two months, I needed to actually travel internationally to get a new visa. This
+lead me to take a very boring trip to Minnesota for a week.
+
+During that trip, I tweeted and fleeted about my travels. I took pictures and
+was in my hotel room a lot.
+
+[We can't dig up the link for obvious reasons, but one person said they were
+always able to tell when we are traveling because it turns the twitter account
+into a fast food blog.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+I think Twitter may have locked out my account because I was suddenly in
+Minnesota after being in Canada for almost a year.
+
+## Theory 2: Misbehaving API Client
+
+I use [mi](https://github.com/Xe/mi) as part of my new blogpost announcement
+pipeline. One of the things mi does is submits new blogposts and some metadata
+about them to Twitter. I haven't been able to find any logs to confirm this, but
+if something messed up in a place that was unlogged somehow, it could have
+triggered some kind of anti-abuse pipeline.
+
+## Theory 3: NixOS Screenshot Set Off Some Bad Thing
+
+One of my recent tweets that I can't find anymore is a tweet about a NixOS
+screenshot for my work machine. I think that some part of the algorithm
+somewhere really hated it, and thus triggered the account lock. I don't really
+understand how a screenshot of KDE 5 showing neofetch output could make my
+account get locked, but with enough distributed machine learning anything can
+happen.
+
+## Theory 4: My Password Got Cracked
+
+I used a random password generated with iCloud for my Twitter password.
+Theoretically this could have been broken, but I doubt it.
+
+---
+
+Overall, I just want to be able to tweet again. Please spread this around for
+reach. I don't like using my blog to reach out like this, but I've been unable
+to find anyone that knows someone at Twitter so far and I feel this is the best
+way to broadcast it. I'll update this post with the resolution to this problem
+when I get one.
+
+I think the International Travel theory is the most likely scenario. I just want
+a human to see this situation and help fix it.

blog/various-updates-2020-11-18.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+---
+title: Various Updates
+date: 2020-11-18
+tags:
+ - personal
+ - consulting
+ - docker
+ - nixos
+---
+
+# Various Updates
+
+Immigration purgatory is an experience. It's got a lot of waiting and there is a
+lot of uncertainty that can make it feel stressful. Like I said
+[before](/blog/new-adventures-2020-10-24), I'm not concerned; however I have a
+lot of free time on my hands and I've been using it to make some plans for the
+blog (and a new offering for companies that need help dealing with the new
+[Docker Hub rate
+limits](https://docs.docker.com/docker-hub/download-rate-limit/)) in the future.
+I'm gonna outline them below in their own sections. This blogpost was originally
+about 4 separate blogposts that I started and abandoned because I had trouble
+focusing on finishing them. Stress sucks lol.
+
+## WebMention Support
+
+I recently deployed [mi v1.0.0](https://github.com/Xe/mi) to my home cluster. mi
+is a service that handles a lot of personal API tasks including the automatic
+post notifications to Twitter and Mastodon. The old implementation was in Go and
+stored its data in RethinkDB. I also have a snazzy frontend in Elm for mi. This
+new version is rewritten from scratch to use Rust, [Rocket](https://rocket.rs/)
+and SQLite. It is also fully
+[nixified](https://github.com/Xe/mi/blob/mara/default.nix) and is deployed to my
+home cluster via a [NixOS
+module](https://github.com/Xe/nixos-configs/blob/master/common/services/mi.nix).
+
+One of the major new features I have in this rewrite is
+[WebMention](https://www.w3.org/TR/webmention/) support. WebMentions allow
+compatible websites to "mention" my articles or other pages on my main domains
+by sending a specially formatted HTTP request to mi. I am still in the early
+stages of integrating mi into my site code, but eventually I hope to have a list
+of places that articles are mentioned in each post. The WebMention endpoint for
+my site is `https://mi.within.website/api/webmention/accept`. I have added
+WebMention metadata into the HTML source of the blog pages as well as in the
+`Link` header as the W3 spec demands.
+
+If you encounter any issues with this feature, please [let me know](/contact) so
+I can get it fixed as soon as possible.
+
+### Thoughts on Elm as Used in mi
+
+[Elm](https://elm-lang.org/) is an interesting language for making single page
+applications. The old version of mi was the first time I had really ever used
+Elm for anything serious and after some research I settled on using
+[elm-spa](https://www.elm-spa.dev/) as a framework to smooth over some of the
+weirder parts of the language. elm-spa worked great at first. All of the pages
+were separated out into their own components and the routing setup was really
+intuitive (if a bit weird because of the magic involved). It's worked great for
+a few years and has been very low maintenance.
+
+However when I was starting to implement the backend of mi in Rust, I tried to
+nixify the elm-spa frontend I made. This was a disaster. The magic that elm-spa
+relied on fell apart and _at the time I attempted to do this_ it was very
+difficult to do this.
+
+As a result I ended up rewriting the frontend in very very boring Elm using
+information from the [Elm Guide](https://guide.elm-lang.org/) and a lot of
+blogposts and help from the Elm slack. Overall this was a successful experiment
+and I can easily see this new frontend (which I have named sina as a compound
+[toki pona](https://tokipona.org/) pun) becoming a powerful tool for
+investigating and managing the data in mi.
+
+[Special thanks to malinoff, wolfadex, chadtech and mfeineis on the Elm slack
+for helping with the weird issues involved in getting a split model approach
+working.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+Feel free to check out the code [here](https://github.com/Xe/mi/tree/mara/sina).
+I may try to make an Elm frontend to my site for people that use the Progressive
+Web App support.
+
+### elm2nix
+
+[elm2nix](https://github.com/cachix/elm2nix) is a very nice tool that lets you
+generate Nix definitions from Elm packages, however the
+template it uses is a bit out of date. To fix it you need to do the following:
+
+```console
+$ elm2nix init > default.nix
+$ elm2nix convert > elm-srcs.nix
+$ elm2nix snapshot
+```
+
+Then open `default.nix` in your favorite text editor and change this:
+
+```nix
+      buildInputs = [ elmPackages.elm ]
+        ++ lib.optional outputJavaScript nodePackages_10_x.uglify-js;
+```
+
+to this:
+
+```nix
+      buildInputs = [ elmPackages.elm ]
+        ++ lib.optional outputJavaScript nodePackages.uglify-js;
+```
+
+and this:
+
+```nix
+            uglifyjs $out/${module}.${extension} --compress 'pure_funcs="F2,F3,F4,F5,F6,F7,F8,F9,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9",pure_getters,keep_fargs=false,unsafe_comps,unsafe' \
+                | uglifyjs --mangle --output=$out/${module}.min.${extension}
+```
+
+to this:
+
+```nix
+            uglifyjs $out/${module}.${extension} --compress 'pure_funcs="F2,F3,F4,F5,F6,F7,F8,F9,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9",pure_getters,keep_fargs=false,unsafe_comps,unsafe' \
+                | uglifyjs --mangle --output $out/${module}.min.${extension}
+```
+
+These issues should be fixed in the next release of elm2nix.
+
+## New Character in the Blog Cutouts
+
+As I mentioned [in the past](/blog/how-mara-works-2020-09-30), I am looking into
+developing out other characters for my blog. I am still in the early stages of
+designing this, but I think the next character in my blog is going to be an
+anthro snow leopard named Alicia. I want Alicia to be a beginner that is very
+new to computer programming and other topics, which would then make Mara into
+more of a teacher type. I may also introduce my own OC Cadey (the orca looking
+thing you can see [here](https://christine.website/static/img/avatar_large.png)
+or in the favicon of my site) into the mix to reply to these questions in
+something more close to the Socratic method.
+
+Some people have joked that the introduction of Mara turned my blog into a shark
+visual novel that teaches you things. This sounds hilarious to me, and I am
+looking into what it would take to make an actual visual novel on a page on my
+blog using Rust and WebAssembly. I am in very early planning stages for this, so
+don't expect this to come out any time soon.
+
+## Gergoplex Build
+
+My [Gergoplex kit](https://www.gboards.ca/product/gergoplex) finally came in
+yesterday, and I got to work soldering it up with some switches and applying the
+keycaps.
+
+![Me soldering the Gergoplex](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/img/keeb/gergoplex/EnEYNxvW4AEfWcH.jpg)
+
+![A glory shot of the Gergoplex](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/img/keeb/gergoplex/Elm3dN8XUAAYHws.jpg)
+
+I picked the Pro Red linear switches with a 35 gram spring in them (read: they
+need 35 grams of force to actuate, which is lighter than most switches) and
+typing on it is buttery smooth. The keycaps are a boring black, but they look
+nice on it.
+
+Overall this kit (with the partial board, switches and keycaps) cost me about
+US$124 (not including shipping) with the costs looking something like this:
+
+| Name                       | Count  | Cost  |
+| :------------------------- | :----- | :---- |
+| Gergoplex Partial Kit      |      1 | $70   |
+| Choc Pro Red 35g switches  |      4 | $10   |
+| Keycaps (15)               |      3 | $30   |
+| Braided interconnect cable |      1 | $7    |
+| Mini-USB cable             |      1 | $7    |
+
+I'd say this was a worthwhile experience. I haven't really soldered anything
+since I was in high school and it was fun to pick up the iron again and make
+something useful. If you are looking for a beginner soldering project, I can't
+recommend the Gergoplex enough.
+
+I also picked up some extra switches and keycaps (prices not listed here) for a
+future project involving an eInk display. More on that when it is time.
+
+## Branch Conventions
+
+You may have noticed that some of my projects have default branches named `main`
+and others have default branches named `mara`. This difference is very
+intentional. Repos with the default branch `main` generally contain code that is
+"stable" and contains robust and reusable code. Repos with the default branch
+`mara` are generally my experimental repos and the code in them may not be the
+most reusable across other projects. mi is a repo with a `mara` default branch
+because it is a very experimental thing. In the future I may promote it up to
+having a `main` branch, however for now it's less effort to keep things the way
+it is.
+
+## Docker Consulting
+
+The new [Docker Hub rate
+limits](https://docs.docker.com/docker-hub/download-rate-limit/) have thrown a
+wrench into many CI/CD setups as well as uncertainty in how CI services will
+handle this. Many build pipelines implictly trust the Docker Hub to be up and
+that it will serve the appropriate image so that your build can work. Many
+organizations use their own Docker registry (GHCR, AWS/Google Cloud image
+registries, Artifactory, etc.), however most image build definitions I've seen
+start out with something like this:
+
+```Dockerfile
+FROM golang:alpine
+```
+
+which will implicitly pull from the Docker Hub. This can lead to bad things.
+
+If you would like to have a call with me for examining your process for building
+Docker images in CI and get a list of actionable suggestions for how to work
+around this, [contact me](/contact) so that we can discuss pricing and
+scheduling. 
+
+I have been using Docker for my entire professional career (way back since
+Docker required you to recompile your kernel to enable cgroup support in public
+beta) and I can also discuss methods to make your Docker images as small as they
+can possibly get. My record smallest Docker image is 5 MB.
+
+If either of these prospects interest you, please contact me so we can work
+something out.
+
+---
+
+Here's hoping that the immigration purgatory ends soon. I'm lucky enough to have
+enough cash built up that I can weather this jobless month. I've been using this
+time to work on personal projects (like mi and
+[wasmcloud](https://wasmcloud.app)) and better myself. I've also done a little
+writing that I plan to release in the future after I clean it up.
+
+In retrospect I probably should have done [NaNoWriMo](https://nanowrimo.org/)
+seeing that I basically will have the entire month of November jobless. I've had
+an idea for a while about someone that goes down the rabbit hole of mysticism
+and magick, but I may end up incorporating that into the visual novel project I
+mentioned in the Elm section.
+
+Be well and stay safe out there. Wear a mask, stay at home.

blog/vlang-update-2020-06-17.markdown

@@ -1,9 +1,269 @@
 ---
-title: "[removed]"
+title: V Update - June 2020
 date: 2020-06-17
+series: v
 ---
 
-This post has been removed. I will learn from my mistakes that lead to this post
-being authored and published.
+EDIT(Xe): 2020 M12 22
 
-I was in a bad mental state when I wrote this and it really shows.
+Hi Hacker News. Please read the below notes. I am now also blocked by the V
+team on Twitter.
+
+<blockquote class="twitter-tweet"><p lang="und" dir="ltr"><a href="https://t.co/WIqX73GB5Z">pic.twitter.com/WIqX73GB5Z</a></p>&mdash; Cadey A. Ratio (@theprincessxena) <a href="https://twitter.com/theprincessxena/status/1341525594715140098?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">December 22, 2020</a></blockquote> <script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
+
+EDIT(Xe): 2020 M06 23
+
+I do not plan to make any future update posts about the V programming language
+in the future. The V community is something I would really rather not be
+associated with. This is an edited-down version of the post that was released
+last week (2020 M06 17).
+
+As of the time of writing this note to the end of this post and as far as I am
+aware, I am banned from being able to contribute to the V language in any form.
+I am therefore forced to consider that the V project will respond to criticism
+of their language with bans. This subjective view of reality may not be accurate
+to what others see. 
+
+I would like to see this situation result in a net improvement for everyone
+involved. V is an interesting take on a stagnant field of computer science, but
+I cannot continue to comment on this language or give it any of the signal boost
+I have given it with this series of posts.
+
+Thank you for reading. I will continue with my normal posts in the next few
+days.
+
+Be well.
+
+# V Update - June 2020
+
+Every so often I like to check in on the [V Programming Language][vlang]. It's been
+about six months since [my last post](https://christine.website/blog/v-vvork-in-progress-2020-01-03),
+so I thought I'd take another look at it and see what progress has been done in six
+months.
+
+[vlang]: https://vlang.io
+
+Last time I checked, V 0.2 was slated for release in December 2019. It is currently
+June 2020, and the latest release (at time of writing) is [0.1.27][vrelease0127].
+
+## Feature Updates
+
+Interestingly, the V author seems to have walked back one of their original
+listed features of V and now has an [abstract syntax tree][ast] for representing the
+grammar of the language. They still claim that functions are "pure" by default, but
+allow functions to perform print statements while still being "pure". Printing data
+to standard out is an impure side effect, but if you constrain the definition of
+"side effects" to only include mutability of memory, this could be fine. There
+seems to be an issue about this on [the github tracker][vpure], but it was
+closed.
+
+[vrelease0127]: https://github.com/vlang/v/releases/tag/0.1.27
+[ast]: https://github.com/vlang/v/commit/093a025ebfe4f0957d5d69ad4ddcdc905a6d7b81#diff-5adb689a65970037f7f0ced3d4b9e800
+[vpure]: https://github.com/vlang/v/issues/4930
+
+The next stable release 0.2 seems to be planned for June 2020 (according to the readme);
+and according to the todo list in the repo, memory management seems to be one of the
+things that will be finished. V is also apparently in alpha, but will also apparently
+jump from alpha directly to stable? Given the track record of constantly missed
+release windows, I am not very confident that V 0.2 will be released on time.
+
+Tools like this need to be ready when they are ready. Trying to rush things is a
+very unproductive thing to do and can result in more net harm than good.
+
+## Build
+
+Testing V is a bit more difficult for me now as its build process is incompatible
+with my Linux tower's [NixOS](https://nixos.org/nixos) install (I tend to try and
+package all the programs I use for testing this stuff so it is easier to reproduce
+my environment on other machines). The V scripts also do not work on my NixOS tower
+because it doesn't have a `/usr/local/bin`. The correct way to make a shell script
+cross-platform is to use the following header:
+
+```sh
+#!/usr/bin/env v
+```
+
+This makes the `env` program search for the V binary in your `$PATH`, and will
+function correctly on all platforms (this may not work on environments like [Termux](https://termux.com/)
+due to limitations of how Android works, but it will solve 99% of cases. I am unsure
+how to make a shell script that will function properly across Android and non-Android
+environments).
+
+The Makefile in the V source tree seems to do
+network calls, specifically a `git clone`. Remember that this is on the front page
+of the website:
+
+> V can be bootstrapped in under a second by compiling its code translated to C with a simple
+>
+> `cc v.c`
+>
+> No libraries or dependencies needed. 
+
+Git is a dependency, which means perl is a dependency, which means a shell is a 
+dependency, which means glibc is a dependency, which means that a lot of other 
+things (including posix threads) are also dependencies. Pedantically, you could even
+go as far as saying that you could count the Linux kernel, the processor being used
+and the like as dependencies, but that's a bit out of scope for this.
+
+I claim that the V compiler has dependencies because it requires other libraries
+or programs in order to function. For an example, see the output of `ldd` (a
+program that lists the dynamically linked dependencies of other programs) on the
+V compiler and a hello world program:
+
+```
+$ ldd ./v
+        linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007fff2d044000)
+        libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f2fb3e4c000)
+        libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f2fb3a5b000)
+        /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f2fb4345000)
+```
+
+```
+$ ldd ./hello
+        linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffdfdff2000)
+        libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007fed25771000)
+        /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007fed25d88000)
+```
+
+If these binaries were really as dependency-free as the V website claims, the
+output of `ldd` would look something like this:
+
+```
+$ ldd $HOME/bin/dhall
+        not a dynamic executable
+```
+
+The V compiler claims to have support for generating machine code directly, but
+in my testing I was unable to figure out how to set the compiler into this mode.
+
+## Memory Management
+
+> V doesn't use garbage collection or reference counting. The compiler cleans 
+> everything up during compilation. If your V program compiles, it's guaranteed 
+> that it's going to be leak free.
+
+Accordingly, the documentation still claims that memory management is both a work in
+progress and has (or will have, it's not clear which is accurate from the
+documentation alone) perfect accuracy for cleaning up things at compile time.
+Every one of these posts I have run a benchmark against the V compiler, I like to
+call it the "how much ram do you leak compiling hello world" test. Last it leaked 
+`4,600,383` bytes (or about 4.6 megabytes) and before that it leaked `3,861,785`
+bytes (or about 3.9 megabytes). This time:
+
+```
+$ valgrind ./v hello.v
+==5413== Memcheck, a memory error detector
+==5413== Copyright (C) 2002-2017, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al.
+==5413== Using Valgrind-3.13.0 and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info
+==5413== Command: ./v hello.v
+==5413==
+==5413==
+==5413== HEAP SUMMARY:
+==5413==     in use at exit: 7,232,779 bytes in 163,690 blocks
+==5413==   total heap usage: 182,696 allocs, 19,006 frees, 11,309,504 bytes allocated
+==5413==
+==5413== LEAK SUMMARY:
+==5413==    definitely lost: 2,673,351 bytes in 85,739 blocks
+==5413==    indirectly lost: 4,265,809 bytes in 77,711 blocks
+==5413==      possibly lost: 256,000 bytes in 1 blocks
+==5413==    still reachable: 37,619 bytes in 239 blocks
+==5413==         suppressed: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
+==5413== Rerun with --leak-check=full to see details of leaked memory
+==5413==
+==5413== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v
+==5413== ERROR SUMMARY: 0 errors from 0 contexts (suppressed: 0 from 0)
+```
+
+It seems that the memory managment really is a work in progress. This increase in
+leakage means that the compiler building itself now creates `7,232,779` bytes of
+leaked ram (which still is amusingly its install size in memory, when including
+git deltas, temporary files and a worktree copy of V).
+
+## Doom
+
+The [Doom](https://github.com/vlang/doom) translation project still has one file
+translated (and apparently it breaks sound effects but not music). I have been
+looking forward to the full release of this as it will show a lot about how
+readable the output of V's C to V translation feature is.
+
+## 1.2 Million Lines of Code
+
+Let's re-run the artificial as heck 1.2 million lines of code benchmark from the
+last post:
+
+```
+$ bash -c 'time ~/code/v/v main.v'
+
+real    7m54.847s
+user    7m32.860s
+sys     0m14.212s
+```
+
+Compared to the last time this benchmark was run, this took 2 minutes less (last
+time it took about 10 minutes). This is actually a major improvement, and means
+that V's claims of speed are that much closer to reality at least on my test
+hardware.
+
+## Concurrency
+
+A common problem that shows up when writing multi-threaded code are
+[race conditions][races]. Effectively, race conditions are when two bits of code try
+to do the same thing at the same time on the same block of memory. This leads to
+undefined behavior, which is bad because it can corrupt or crash programs. 
+
+[races]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_condition
+
+As an example, consider this program `raceanint.v`:
+
+```
+fn main() {
+  foo := [ 1 ]
+  go add(mut foo)
+  go add(mut foo)
+
+  for {}
+}
+
+fn add(mut foo []int) {
+  for {
+    foo[0] = foo[0] + 1
+  }
+}
+```
+
+In theory, this should have two threads infinitely trying to increment `foo[0]`, 
+which will eventually result in `foo[0]` getting corrupted by two threads trying to
+do the same thing at the same time (given the tight loops invovled). This leads
+to undefined behavior, which can be catastrophic in production facing applications.
+
+However, I can't get this to build:
+
+```
+==================
+/home/cadey/.cache/v/raceanint.tmp.c: In function ‘add_thread_wrapper’:
+/home/cadey/.cache/v/raceanint.tmp.c:1209:6: error: incompatible type for argument 1 of ‘add’
+  add(arg->arg1);
+      ^~~
+/home/cadey/.cache/v/raceanint.tmp.c:1198:13: note: expected ‘array_int * {aka struct array *}’ but argument is of type ‘array_int {aka struct array}’
+ static void add(array_int* foo);
+             ^~~
+/home/cadey/.cache/v/raceanint.tmp.c: In function ‘strconv__v_sprintf’:
+/home/cadey/.cache/v/raceanint.tmp.c:3611:7: warning: variable ‘th_separator’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
+  bool th_separator = false;
+       ^~~~~~~~~~~~
+/home/cadey/.cache/v/raceanint.tmp.c: In function ‘print_backtrace_skipping_top_frames_linux’:
+...
+==================
+(Use `v -cg` to print the entire error message)
+
+builder error:
+==================
+C error. This should never happen.
+
+If you were not working with C interop, please raise an issue on GitHub:
+
+https://github.com/vlang/v/issues/new/choose
+```
+
+Like I said before, I also cannot file new issues about this. So if you are willing
+to help me out, please open an issue about this.

blog/wasmcloud-progress-2019-12-08.markdown

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-title: "Wasmcloud Progress: Hello, World!"
+title: "Trisiel Progress: Hello, World!"
 date: 2019-12-08
 series: olin
 tags:
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ tags:
 
 I have been working off and on over the years and have finally created the base
 of a functions as a service backend for [WebAssembly][wasm] code. I'm code-naming this
-wasmcloud. [Wasmcloud][wasmcloud] is a pre-alpha prototype and is currently very much work in
+wasmcloud. [Trisiel][wasmcloud] is a pre-alpha prototype and is currently very much work in
 progress. However, it's far enough along that I would like to explain what I
 have been doing for the last few years and what it's all built up to.
 
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ I've even written a few blogposts about Olin:
 
 But, this was great for running stuff interactively and via the command line. It
 left me wanting more. I wanted to have that mythical functions as a service
-backend that I've been dreaming of. So, I created [wasmcloud][wasmcloud].
+backend that I've been dreaming of. So, I created [Trisiel][wasmcloud].
 
 ## h
 
@@ -139,14 +139,14 @@ h
 I think this is the smallest (if not one of the smallest) quine generator in the
 world. I even got this program running on bare metal:
 
-<center>![](/static/blog/xeos_h.png)</center>
+![](/static/blog/xeos_h.png)
 
 [hlang]: https://h.christine.website
 [vlang]: https://vlang.io
 
-## Wasmcloud
+## Trisiel
 
-[Wasmcloud][wasmcloud] is the culmination of all of this work. The goal of
+[Trisiel][wasmcloud] is the culmination of all of this work. The goal of
 wasmcloud is to create a functions as a service backend for running people's
 code in an isolated server-side environment.
 
@@ -181,11 +181,11 @@ Top-level flags (use "wasmcloud flags" for a full list):
 
 This tool lets you do a few basic things:
 
-- Authenticate with the wasmcloud server
+- Authenticate with the Trisiel server
 - Create handlers from WebAssembly files that meet the CommonWA API as realized
   by Olin
 - Get logs for individual handler invocations
-- Run WebAssembly modules locally like they would get run on wasmcloud
+- Run WebAssembly modules locally like they would get run on Trisiel
 
 Nearly all of the complexity is abstracted away from users as much as possible.
 

blog/wasmcloud-progress-domains-2020-10-31.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+---
+title: "Trisiel Progress: Rewritten in Rust"
+date: 2020-10-31
+series: olin
+tags:
+ - wasm
+ - trisiel
+ - wasmer
+---
+
+# Trisiel Progress: Rewritten in Rust
+
+It's been a while since I had the [last update for
+Trisiel](/blog/wasmcloud-progress-2019-12-08). In that time I have gotten a
+lot done. As the title mentions I have completely rewritten Trisiel's entire
+stack in Rust. Part of the reason was for [increased
+speed](/blog/pahi-benchmarks-2020-03-26) and the other part was to get better at
+Rust. I also wanted to experiment with running Rust in production and this has
+been an excellent way to do that.
+
+Trisiel is going to have a few major parts:
+ - The API (likely to be hosted at `api.trisiel.com`)
+ - The Executor (likely to be hosted at `run.trisiel.dev`)
+ - The Panel (likely to be hosted at `panel.trisiel.com`)
+ - The command line tool `trisiel`
+ - The Documentation site (likely to be hosted at `docs.trisiel`)
+ 
+These parts will work together to implement a functions as a service platform.
+
+[The executor is on its own domain to prevent problems like <a
+href="https://github.blog/2013-04-05-new-github-pages-domain-github-io/">this
+GitHub Pages vulnerability</a> from 2013. It is on a `.lgbt` domain because LGBT
+rights are human rights.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+I have also set up a landing page at
+[trisiel.com](https://trisiel.com) and a twitter account at
+[@trisielcloud](https://twitter.com/trisielcloud). Right now these are
+placeholders. I wanted to register the domains before they were taken by anyone
+else.
+
+## Architecture
+
+My previous attempt at Trisiel had more of a four tier webapp setup. The
+overall stack looked something like this:
+
+- Nginx in front of everything
+- The api server that did about everything
+- The executors that waited on message queues to run code and push results to
+  the requester
+- Postgres
+- A message queue to communicate with the executors
+- IPFS to store WebAssembly modules
+
+In simple testing, this works amazingly. The API server will send execution
+requests to the executors and everything will usually work out. However, the
+message queue I used was very "fire and forget" and had difficulties with
+multiple executors set up to listen on the queue. Additionally, the added
+indirection of needing to send the data around twice means that it would have
+difficulties scaling globally due to ingress and egress data costs. This model
+is solid and _probably would have worked_ with some compression or other
+improvements like that, but overall I was not happy with it and decided to scrap
+it while I was porting the executor component to Rust. If you want to read the
+source code of this iteration of Trisiel, take a look
+[here](https://tulpa.dev/within/wasmcloud).
+
+The new architecture of Trisiel looks something like this:
+
+- Nginx in front of everything
+- An API server that handles login with my gitea instance
+- The executor server that listens over https
+- Postgres
+- Backblaze B2 to store WebAssembly modules
+
+The main change here is the fact that the executor listens over HTTPS, avoiding
+_a lot_ of the overhead involved in running this on a message queue. It's also
+much simpler to implement and allows me to reuse a vast majority of the
+boilerplate that I developed for the Trisiel API server.
+
+This new version of Trisiel is also built on top of
+[Wasmer](https://wasmer.io/). Wasmer is a seriously fantastic library for this
+and getting up and running was absolutely trivial, even though I knew very
+little Rust when I was writing [pa'i](/blog/pahi-hello-world-2020-02-22). I
+cannot recommend it enough if you ever want to execute WebAssembly on a server.
+
+## Roadmap
+
+At this point, I can create new functions, upload them to the API server and
+then trigger them to be executed. The output of those functions is not returned
+to the user at this point. I am working on ways to implement that. There is also
+very little accounting for what resources and system calls are used, however it
+does keep track of execution time. The executor also needs to have the request
+body of the client be wired to the standard in of the underlying module, which
+will enable me to parse CGI replies from WebAssembly functions. This will allow
+you to host HTTP endpoints on Trisiel using the same code that powers
+[this](https://olin.within.website) and
+[this](http://cetacean.club/cgi-bin/olinfetch.wasm).
+
+I also need to go in and completely refactor the
+[olin](https://github.com/Xe/pahi/tree/main/wasm/olin/src) crate and make the
+APIs much more ergonomic, not to mention make the HTTP client actually work
+again.
+
+Then comes the documentation. Oh god there will be so much documentation. I will
+be _drowning_ in documentation by the end of this.
+
+I need to write the panel and command line tool for Trisiel. I want to write
+the panel in [Elm](https://elm-lang.org/) and the command line tool in Rust.
+
+There is basically zero validation for anything submitted to the Trisiel API.
+I will need to write validation in order to make it safer.
+
+I may also explore enabling support for [WASI](https://wasi.dev/) in the future,
+but as I have stated before I do not believe that WASI works very well for the
+futuristic plan-9 inspired model I want to use on Trisiel.
+
+Right now the executor shells out to pa'i, but I want to embed pa'i into the
+executor binary so there are fewer moving parts involved.
+
+I also need to figure out what I should do with this project in general. It
+feels like it is close to being productizable, but I am in a very bad stage of
+my life to be able to jump in headfirst and build a company around this. Visa
+limitations also don't help here.
+
+## Things I Learned
+
+[Rocket](https://rocket.rs) is an absolutely fantastic web framework and I
+cannot recommend it enough. I am able to save _so much time_ with Rocket and its
+slightly magic use of proc-macros. For an example, here is the entire source
+code of the `/whoami` route in the Trisiel API:
+
+```rust
+#[get("/whoami")]
+#[instrument]
+pub fn whoami(user: models::User) -> Json<models::User> {
+    Json(user)
+}
+```
+
+The `FromRequest` instance I have on my database user model allows me to inject
+the user associated with an API token purely based on the (validated against the
+database) claims associated with the JSON Web Token that the user uses for
+authentication. This then allows me to make API routes protected by simply
+putting the user model as an input to the handler function. It's magic and I
+love it.
+
+Postgres lets you use triggers to automatically update `updated_at` fields for
+free. You just need a function that looks like this:
+
+```sql
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION trigger_set_timestamp()
+  RETURNS TRIGGER AS $$
+BEGIN
+  NEW.updated_at = NOW();
+  RETURN NEW;
+END;
+$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
+```
+
+And then you can make triggers for your tables like this:
+
+```sql
+CREATE TRIGGER set_timestamp_users
+  BEFORE UPDATE ON users
+  FOR EACH ROW
+    EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_set_timestamp();
+```
+
+Every table in Trisiel uses this in order to make programming against the
+database easier.
+
+The symbol/number layer on my Moonlander has been _so good_. It looks something
+like this:
+
+![](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/blog/m5Id6Qs.png)
+
+And it makes using programming sigils _so much easier_. I don't have to stray
+far from the homerow to hit the most common ones. The only one that I still have
+to reach for is `_`, but I think I will bind that to the blank key under the `]`
+key.
+
+The best programming music is [lofi hip hop radio - beats to study/relax
+to](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5qap5aO4i9A). Second best is [Animal
+Crossing music](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2nYNJLfktds). They both have
+this upbeat quality that makes the ideas melt into code and flow out of your
+hands.
+
+---
+
+Overall I'd say this is pretty good for a week of hacking while learning a new
+keyboard layout. I will do more in the future. I have plans. To read through the
+(admittedly kinda hacky/awful) code I've written this week, check out [this git
+repo](https://tulpa.dev/wasmcloud/wasmcloud). If you have any feedback, please
+[contact me](/contact). I will be happy to answer any questions.
+
+As far as signups go, I am not accepting any signups at the moment. This is
+pre-alpha software. The abuse story will need to be figured out, but I am fairly
+sure it will end up being some kind of "pay or you can only run the precompiled
+example code in the documentation" with some kind of application process for the
+"free tier" of Trisiel. Of course, this is all theoretical and hinges on
+Trisiel actually being productizable; so who knows?
+
+Be well.

blog/webmention-support-2020-12-02.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+---
+title: "Site Update: WebMention Support"
+date: 2020-12-02
+tags:
+  - indieweb
+---
+
+# Site Update: WebMention Support
+
+Recently in my [Various Updates](/blog/various-updates-2020-11-18) post I
+announced that my website had gotten
+[WebMention](https://www.w3.org/TR/webmention/) support. Today I implemented
+WebMention integration into blog articles, allowing you to see where my articles
+are mentioned across the internet. This will not work with every single mention
+of my site, but if your publishing platform supports sending WebMentions, then
+you will see them show up on the next deploy of my site.
+
+Thanks to the work of the folks at [Bridgy](https://brid.gy/), I have been able
+to also keep track of mentions of my content across Twitter, Reddit and
+Mastodon. My WebMention service will also attempt to resolve Bridgy mention
+links to their original sources as much as it can. Hopefully this should allow
+you to post my articles as normal across those networks and have those mentions
+be recorded without having to do anything else.
+
+As I mentioned before, this is implemented on top of
+[mi](https://github.com/Xe/mi). mi receives mentions sent to
+`https://mi.within.website/api/webmention/accept` and will return a reference
+URL in the `Location` header. This will return JSON-formatted data about the
+mention. Here is an example:
+
+```console
+$ curl https://mi.within.website/api/webmention/01ERGGEG7DCKRH3R7DH4BXZ6R9 | jq
+{
+  "id": "01ERGGEG7DCKRH3R7DH4BXZ6R9",
+  "source_url": "https://maya.land/responses/2020/12/01/i-think-this-blog-post-might-have-been.html",
+  "target_url": "https://christine.website/blog/toast-sandwich-recipe-2019-12-02",
+  "title": null
+}
+```
+
+This is all of the information I store about each WebMention. I am working on
+title detection (using the
+[readability](https://github.com/jangernert/readability) algorithm), however I
+am unable to run JavaScript on my scraper server. Content that is JavaScript
+only may not be able to be scraped like this.
+
+---
+
+Many thanks to [Chris Aldrich](https://boffosocko.com/2020/12/01/55781873/) for
+inspiring me to push this feature to the end. Any articles that don't have any
+WebMentions yet will link to the [WebMention
+spec](https://www.w3.org/TR/webmention/).
+
+Be well.

blog/within-go-repo-layout-2020-09-07.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+---
+title: The Within Go Repo Layout
+date: 2020-09-07
+series: howto
+tags:
+ - go
+ - standards
+---
+
+# The Within Go Repo Layout
+
+Go repository layout is a very different thing compared to other languages.
+There's a lot of conflicting opinions and little firm guidance to help steer
+people along a path to more maintainable code. This is a collection of
+guidelines that help to facilitate understandable and idiomatic Go.
+
+At a high level the following principles should be followed:
+
+- If the code is designed to be consumed by other random people using that
+  repository, it is made available for others to import
+- If the code is NOT designed to be consumed by other random people using that
+  repository, it is NOT made available for others to import
+- Code should be as close to where it's used as possible
+- Documentation helps understand _why_, not _how_
+- More people can reuse your code than you think
+
+## Folder Structure
+
+At a minimum, the following folders should be present in the repository:
+
+- `cmd/` -> houses executable commands
+- `docs/` -> houses human readable documentation
+- `internal/` -> houses code not intended to be used by others
+- `scripts/` -> houses any scripts needed for meta-operations
+
+Any additional code can be placed anywhere in the repo as long as it makes
+sense. More on this later in the document.
+
+## Additional Code
+
+If there is code that should be available for other people outside of this
+project to use, it is better to make it a publicly available (not internal)
+package. If the code is also used across multiple parts of your program or is
+only intended for outside use, it should be in the repository root. If not, it
+should be as close to where it is used as makes sense. Consider this directory
+layout:
+
+```
+repo-root
+├── cmd
+│   ├── paperwork
+│   │   ├── create
+│   │   │   └── create.go
+│   │   └── main.go
+│   ├── hospital
+│   │   ├── internal
+│   │   │   └── operate.go
+│   │   └── main.go
+│   └── integrator
+│       ├── integrate.go
+│       └── main.go
+├── internal
+│   └── log_manipulate.go
+└── web
+    ├── error.go
+    └── instrument.go
+```
+
+This would expose packages `repo-root/web` and `repo-root/cmd/paperwork/create`
+to be consumed by outside users. This would allow reuse of the error handling in
+package `web`, but it would not allow reuse of whatever manipulation is done to
+logging in package `repo-root/internal`. 
+
+## `repo-root/cmd/`
+
+This folder has subfolders with go files in them. Each of these subfolders is
+one command binary. The entrypoint of each command should be `main.go` so that
+it is easy to identify in a directory listing. This follows how the [go standard
+library][stdlibcmd] does this. 
+
+For example:
+
+```
+repo-root
+└── cmd
+    ├── paperwork
+    │   └── main.go
+    ├── hospital
+    │   └── main.go
+    └── integrator
+        └── main.go
+```
+
+This would be for three commands named `paperwork`, `hospital`, and `integrate`
+respectively.
+
+As your commands get more complicated, it's tempting to create packages in
+`repo-root/internal/` to implement them. This is probably a bad idea. It's
+better to create the packages in the same folder as the command, or optionally
+in its `internal` package. Consider if `paperwork` has a command named `create`,
+`hospital` has a command named `operate` and `integrator` has a command named
+`integrate`:
+
+```
+repo-root
+└── cmd
+    ├── paperwork
+    │   ├── create
+    │   │   └── create.go
+    │   └── main.go
+    ├── hospital
+    │   ├── internal
+    │   │   └── operate.go
+    │   └── main.go
+    └── integrator
+        ├── integrate.go
+        └── main.go
+```
+
+Each of these commands has the logic separated into different packages. 
+
+`paperwork` has the create command as a subpackage, meaning that other parts of the
+application can consume that code if they need to. 
+
+`hospital` has the operate command inside its internal package, meaning [only
+cmd/foo/ and anything that has the same import path prefix can use that
+code][internalcode]. 
+This makes it easier to isolate the code so that other parts of the repo
+_cannot_ use it. 
+
+`integrator` has the integrate command as a separate go file in the main package of
+the command. This makes the integrate command code only usable within the
+command because main packages cannot be imported by other packages.
+
+Each of these methods makes sense in some contexts and not in others. Real-world
+usage will probably see a mix of these depending on what makes sense.
+
+## `repo-root/docs/`
+
+This folder has human-readable documentation files. 
+These files are intended to help humans understand how to
+use the program or reasons why the program was put together the way it was. This
+documentation should be in the language most common to the team of people
+developing the software.
+
+The structure inside this folder is going to be very organic, so it is not
+entirely defined here.
+
+## `repo-root/internal/`
+
+The [internal folder should house code that others shouldn't
+consume][internalcode]. This can be for many reasons. Generally if you cannot
+see a use for this code outside the context of the program you are developing,
+but it needs to be used across multiple packages in different areas of the repo, 
+it should default to going here.
+
+If the code is safe for public consumption, it should go elsewhere.
+
+## `repo-root/scripts/`
+
+The scripts folder should contain each script that is needed for various
+operations. This could be for running fully automated tests in a docker
+container or packaging the program for distribution. These files should be
+documented as makes sense.
+
+## Test Code
+
+Code should be tested in the same folder that it's written in. See the [upstream
+testing documentation][gotest] for more information.
+
+Integration tests or other things should be done in an internal subpackage
+called "integration" or similar.f
+
+## Questions and Answers
+
+### Why not use `pkg/` for packages you intend others to use?
+
+The name `pkg` is already well-known in the Go ecosystem. It is [the folder that
+compiled packages (not command binaries) go][pkgfolder]. Using it creates the
+potential for confusion between code that others are encouraged to use and the
+meaning that the Go compiler toolchain has.
+
+If a package prefix for publicly available code is really needed, choose a name
+not already known to the Go compiler toolchain such as "public".
+
+### How does this differ from https://github.com/golang-standards/project-layout?
+
+This differs in a few key ways:
+
+- Discourages the use of `pkg`, because it's obvious if something is publicly
+  available or not if it can be imported outside of the package
+- Leaves the development team a lot more agency to decide how to name things
+
+The core philosophy of this layout is that the developers should be able to
+decide how to put files into the repository. 
+
+### But I really think I need `pkg`!
+
+Set up another git repo for those libraries then. If they are so important that
+other people need to use them, they should probably be in a `libraries` repo or
+individual git repos.
+
+Besides, nothing is stopping you from actually using `pkg` if you want to. Some
+more experienced go programmers will protest though.
+
+## Examples of This in Action
+
+Here are a few examples of views of this layout in action:
+
+- https://github.com/golang/go/tree/master/src
+- https://github.com/golang/tools
+- https://github.com/PonyvilleFM/aura
+- https://github.com/Xe/ln
+- https://github.com/goproxyio/goproxy
+- https://github.com/heroku/x
+
+[stdlibcmd]: https://github.com/golang/go/tree/master/src/cmd
+[internalcode]: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1e8kOo3r51b2BWtTs_1uADIA5djfXhPT36s6eHVRIvaU/edit
+[gotest]: https://golang.org/pkg/testing/
+[pkgfolder]: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/understanding-the-gopath

blog/zsa-moonlander-first-impressions-2020-10-27.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+---
+title: ZSA Moonlander First Impressions
+date: 2020-10-27
+series: keeb
+tags:
+ - moonlander
+ - keyboard
+---
+
+# ZSA Moonlander First Impressions
+
+As I mentioned
+[before](https://christine.website/blog/colemak-layout-2020-08-15), I ordered a
+[ZSA Moonlander](https://zsa.io/moonlander) and it has finally arrived. I am
+writing this post from my Moonlander, and as such I may do a few more typos
+than normal, I'm still getting used to this.
+
+![a picture of the keyboard on my
+desk](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/img/keeb/ElVbBm_XUAcVhOg.jpg)
+
+The Moonlander is a weird keyboard. I knew that it would be odd from the get-go
+(split ergonomic keyboards have this reputation for a reason), but I was
+surprised at how natural it feels. Setup was a breeze (unbox, plug it in, flash
+firmware, type), and I have been experimenting with tenting angles on my desk.
+It is a _very_ solid keyboard with basically zero deck flex.
+
+I have a [fairly complicated
+keymap](https://tulpa.dev/cadey/kadis-layouts/src/branch/master/moonlander) that
+worked almost entirely on the first try. Here is a more user friendly
+visualization of my keymap (sans fun things like leader macros):
+
+<div style="padding-top: 60%; position: relative;">
+	<iframe src="https://configure.ergodox-ez.com/embed/moonlander/layouts/xbJXx/latest/0" style="border: 0; height: 100%; left: 0; position: absolute; top: 0; width: 100%"></iframe>
+</div>
+
+My typing speed has been destroyed by the change to this ortholinear layout.
+Before I was getting around 70 words per minute at best (according to
+[monkeytype.com](https://monkeytype.com/)), but now I am lucky to hit about 35
+words per minute. My fingers kinda reach for where keys are on a staggered
+keyboard and I have the most trouble with `x`, `v`, `.` and `b` at the moment. I
+really like having a dedicated : key on my right hand. It makes command mode (and
+yaml) so much easier. The larger red buttons are a bit odd to hit at the moment,
+but I imagine that will get much easier with time.
+
+Each key has a programmable RGB light under it. This allows you to get some
+really nice effects like this:
+
+![The left hand of my steno
+layout](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/img/keeb/ElTG7QSW0AEqXeE.jpg)
+
+However brown colors don't come out as well as I'd hoped:
+
+![My media layer that mostly has brown lighting, this looks a bit better in the
+dark](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/img/keeb/ElVdFKoX0AE_dAA.jpg)
+
+I am not sure how I feel about the armrests. On one hand they feel a bit cold
+(context: it is currently 1.57 degrees outside and I'm wearing a hoodie at my
+desk so that may end up being the cause of this), but on the other hand i really
+hate typing on this without them. The tenting is nice, I need to play with it
+more but the included instructions help a lot.
+
+I still have a long way to go. I'll write up a longer and more detailed review
+in a few weeks.
+
+Expect to see many more glory shots on
+[Twitter](https://twitter.com/theprincessxena)!
+
+As an added bonus, here is the `if err != nil` key in action:
+
+<video controls width="100%">
+    <source src="https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/img/keeb/tmp.ZdCemPUcnd.webm"
+            type="video/webm">
+    <source src="https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/img/keeb/tmp.ZdCemPUcnd.mp4"
+            type="video/mp4">
+    Sorry, your browser doesn't support embedded videos.
+</video>

blog/zsa-moonlander-review-2020-11-06.markdown

@@ -0,0 +1,442 @@
+---
+title: ZSA Moonlander Review
+date: 2020-11-06
+series: keeb
+tags:
+ - moonlander
+ - keyboard
+ - nixos
+---
+
+# ZSA Moonlander Review
+
+I am nowhere near qualified to review things objectively. Therefore this
+blogpost will mostly be about what I like about this keyboard. I plan to go into
+a fair bit of detail, however please do keep in mind that this is subjective as
+all hell. Also keep in mind that this is partially also going to be a review of
+my own keyboard layout too. I'm going to tackle this in a few parts that I will
+label with headings.
+
+This review is NOT sponsored. I paid for this device with my own money. I have
+no influence pushing me either way on this keyboard.
+
+![a picture of the keyboard on my
+desk](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/img/keeb/Elm3dN8XUAAYHws.jpg)
+
+[That 3d printed brain is built from the 3D model that was made as a part of <a
+href="https://christine.website/blog/brain-fmri-to-3d-model-2019-08-23">this
+blogpost</a>.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+## tl;dr
+
+I like the Moonlander. It gets out of my way and lets me focus on writing and
+code. I don't like how limited the Oryx configurator is, but the fact that I can
+build my own firmware from source and flash it to the keyboard on my own makes
+up for that. I think this was a purchase well worth making, but I can understand
+why others would disagree. I can easily see this device becoming a core part of
+my workflow for years to come.
+
+## Build Quality
+
+The Moonlander is a solid keyboard. Once you set it up with the tenting legs and
+adjust the key cluster, the keyboard is rock solid. The only give I've noticed
+is because my desk mat is made of a rubber-like material. The construction of
+the keyboard is all plastic but there isn't any deck flex that I can tell.
+Compare this to cheaper laptops where the entire keyboard bends if you so much
+as touch the keys too hard.
+
+The palmrests are detachable and when they are off it gives the keyboard a
+space-age vibe to it:
+
+![the left half of the keyboard without the palmrest
+attached](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/img/keeb/EmJ1bqNXUAAJy4d.jpg)
+
+The palmrests feel very solid and fold up into the back of the keyboard for
+travel. However folding up the palmrest does mess up the tenting stability, so
+you can't fold in the palmrest and type very comfortably. This makes sense
+though, the palmrest is made out of smooth plastic so it feels nicer on the
+hands.
+
+ZSA said that iPad compatibility is not guaranteed due to the fact that the iPad
+might not put out enough juice to run it, however in my testing with an iPad Pro
+2018 (12", 512 GB storage) it works fine. The battery drains a little faster,
+but the Moonlander is a much more active keyboard than the smart keyboard so I
+can forgive this.
+
+## Switches
+
+I've been using mechanical keyboards for years, but most of them have been
+clicky switches (such as cloned Cherry MX blues, actual legit Cherry MX blues
+and the awful Razer Green switches). This is my first real experience with
+Cherry MX brown switches. There are many other options when you are about to
+order a moonlander, but I figured Cherry MX browns would be a nice neutral
+choice. 
+
+The keyswitches are hot-swappable (no disassembly or soldering required), and
+changing out keyswitches **DOES NOT** void your warranty. I plan to look into
+[Holy Pandas](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QLm8DNH5hJk) and [Zilents
+V2](https://youtu.be/uGVw85solnE) in the future. There is even a clever little
+tool in the box that makes it easy to change out keyswitches. 
+
+Overall, this has been one of the best typing experiences I have ever had. The
+noise is a little louder than I would have liked (please note that I tend to
+bottom out the keycaps as I type, so this may end up factoring into the noise I
+experience); but overall I really like it. It is far better than I have ever had
+with clicky switches.
+
+## Typing Feel
+
+The Moonlander uses an ortholinear layout as opposed to the staggered layout
+that you find on most keyboards. This took some getting used to, but I have
+found that it is incredibly comfortable and natural to write on.
+
+## My Keymap
+
+Each side of the keyboard has the following:
+
+- 20 alphanumeric keys (some are used for `;`, `,`, `.` and `/` like normal
+  keyboards)
+- 12 freely assignable keys (useful for layer changes, arrow keys, symbols and
+  modifiers)
+- 4 thumb keys
+
+In total, this keyboard has 72 keys, making it about a 70% keyboard (assuming
+the math in my head is right). 
+
+My keymap uses all but two of these keys. The two keys I haven't figured out how
+to best use yet are the ones that I currently have the `[` and `]` keycaps on.
+Right now they are mapped to the left and right arrow keys. This was the
+default.
+
+My keymap is organized into
+[layers](https://docs.qmk.fm/#/keymap?id=keymap-and-layers). In each of these
+subsections I will go into detail about what these layers are, what they do and
+how they help me. My keymap code is
+[here](https://tulpa.dev/cadey/kadis-layouts/src/branch/master/moonlander) and I
+have a limited view of it embedded below:
+
+<div style="padding-top: 60%; position: relative;">
+	<iframe src="https://configure.ergodox-ez.com/embed/moonlander/layouts/xbJXx/latest/0" style="border: 0; height: 100%; left: 0; position: absolute; top: 0; width: 100%"></iframe>
+</div>
+
+If you want to flash my layout to your Moonlander for some reason, you can find
+the firmware binary
+[here](https://cdn.christine.website/file/christine-static/img/keeb/moonlander_kadis.bin).
+You can then flash this to your keyboard with
+[Wally](https://ergodox-ez.com/pages/wally).
+
+### Base Layers
+
+I have a few base layers that contain the main set of letters and numbers that I
+type. The main base layer is my Colemak layer. I have the keys arranged to a
+standard [Colemak](https://Colemak.com/) layout and it is currently the layer I
+type the fastest on. I have the RGB configured so that it is mostly pink with
+the homerow using a lighter shade of pink. The color codes come from my logo
+that you can see in the favicon [or here for a larger
+version](https://christine.website/static/img/avatar_large.png).
+
+I also have a qwerty layer for gaming. Most games expect qwerty keyboards and
+this is an excellent stopgap to avoid having to rebind every game that I want to
+play. The left side of the keyboard is the active one with the controller board
+in it too, so I can unplug the other half of the keyboard and give my mouse a
+lot of room to roam.
+
+Thanks to a friend of mine, I am also playing with Dvorak. I have not gotten far
+in Dvorak yet, but it is interesting to play with.
+
+I'll cover the leader key in the section below dedicated to it, but the other
+major thing that I have is a colon key on my right hand thumb cluster. This has
+been a huge boon for programming. The colon key is typed a lot. Having it on the
+thumb cluster means that I can just reach down and hit it when I need to. This
+makes writing code in Go and Rust so much easier. 
+
+### Symbol/Number Layer
+
+If you look at the base layer keymap, you will see that I do not have square
+brackets mapped anywhere there. Yet I write code with it effortlessly. This is
+because of the symbol/number layer that I access with the lower right and lower
+left keys on the keyboard. I have it positioned there so I can roll my hand to
+the side and then unlock the symbols there. I have access to every major symbol
+needed for programming save `<` and `>` (which I can easily access on the base
+layer with the shift key). I also get a nav cluster and a number pad.
+
+I also have [dynamic macros](https://docs.qmk.fm/#/feature_dynamic_macros) on
+this layer which function kinda like vim macros. The only difference is that
+there's only two macros instead of many like vim. They are convenient though.
+
+### Media Layer
+
+One of the cooler parts of the Moonlander is that it can act as a mouse. It is a
+very terrible mouse (understandably, mostly because the digital inputs of
+keypresses cannot match the analog precision of a mouse). This layer has an
+arrow key cluster too. I normally use the arrow keys along the bottom of the
+keyboard with my thumbs, but sometimes it can help to have a dedicated inverse T
+arrow cluster for things like old MS-DOS games.
+
+I also have media control keys here. They aren't the most useful on my linux
+desktop, however when I plug it into my iPad they are amazing.
+
+### dwm Layer
+
+I use [dwm](/blog/why-i-use-suckless-tools-2020-06-05) as my main window manager
+in Linux. dwm is entirely controlled using the keyboard. I have a dedicated
+keyboard layer to control dwm and send out its keyboard shortcuts. It's really
+nice and lets me get all of the advantages of my tiling setup without needing to
+hit weird keycombos.
+
+### Leader Macros
+
+[Leader macros](https://docs.qmk.fm/#/feature_leader_key) are one of the killer
+features of my layout. I have a [huge
+bank](https://tulpa.dev/cadey/kadis-layouts/src/branch/master/doc/leader.md) of
+them and use them to do type out things that I type a lot. Most common git and
+Kubernetes commands are just a leader macro away.
+
+The Go `if err != nil` macro that got me on /r/programmingcirclejerk twice is
+one of my leader macros, but I may end up promoting it to its own key if I keep
+getting so much use out of it (maybe one of the keys I don't use can become my
+`if err != nil` key). I'm sad that the threads got deleted (I love it when my
+content gets on there, it's one of my favorite subreddits), but such is life.
+
+## NixOS, the Moonlander and Colemak
+
+When I got this keyboard, flashed the firmware and plugged it in, I noticed that
+my keyboard was sending weird inputs. It was rendering things that look like
+this:
+
+```
+The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy yellow dog.
+```
+
+into this:
+
+```
+Ghf qluce bpywk tyx nlm;r yvfp ghf iazj jfiiyw syd.
+```
+
+This is because I had configured my NixOS install to interpret the keyboard as
+if it was Colemak. However the keyboard is able to lie and sends out normal
+keycodes (even though I am typing them in Colemak) as if I was typing in qwerty.
+This double Colemak meant that a lot of messages and commands were completely
+unintelligible until I popped into my qwerty layer.
+
+I quickly found the culprit in my config:
+
+```nix
+console.useXkbConfig = true;
+services.xserver = {
+  layout = "us";
+  xkbVariant = "colemak";
+  xkbOptions = "caps:escape";
+};
+```
+
+This config told the X server to always interpret my keyboard as if it was
+Colemak, meaning that I needed to tell it not to. As a stopgap I commented this
+section of my config out and rebuilt my system.
+
+X11 allows you to specify keyboard configuration for keyboards individually by
+device product/vendor names. The easiest way I know to get this information is
+to open a terminal, run `dmesg -w` to get a constant stream of kernel logs,
+unplug and plug the keyboard back in and see what the kernel reports:
+
+```console
+[242718.024229] usb 1-2: USB disconnect, device number 8
+[242948.272824] usb 1-2: new full-speed USB device number 9 using xhci_hcd
+[242948.420895] usb 1-2: New USB device found, idVendor=3297, idProduct=1969, bcdDevice= 0.01
+[242948.420896] usb 1-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
+[242948.420897] usb 1-2: Product: Moonlander Mark I
+[242948.420898] usb 1-2: Manufacturer: ZSA Technology Labs
+[242948.420898] usb 1-2: SerialNumber: 0
+```
+
+The product is named `Moonlander Mark I`, which means we can match for it and
+tell X11 to not colemakify the keycodes using something like this:
+
+```
+Section "InputClass"
+  Identifier "moonlander"
+  MatchIsKeyboard "on"
+  MatchProduct "Moonlander"
+  Option "XkbLayout" "us"
+  Option "XkbVariant" "basic"
+EndSection
+```
+
+[For more information on what you can do in an `InputClass` section, see <a
+href="https://www.x.org/releases/current/doc/man/man5/xorg.conf.5.xhtml#heading9">here</a>
+in the X11 documentation.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+This configuration fragment can easily go in the normal X11 configuration
+folder, but doing it like this would mean that I would have to manually drop
+this file in on every system I want to colemakify. This does not scale and
+defeats the point of doing this in NixOS. 
+
+Thankfully NixOS has [an
+option](https://search.nixos.org/options?channel=20.09&show=services.xserver.inputClassSections&from=0&size=30&sort=relevance&query=inputClassSections)
+to solve this very problem. Using this module we can write something like this:
+
+```nix
+services.xserver = {
+  layout = "us";
+  xkbVariant = "colemak";
+  xkbOptions = "caps:escape";
+
+  inputClassSections = [
+    ''
+      Identifier "yubikey"
+      MatchIsKeyboard "on"
+      MatchProduct "Yubikey"
+      Option "XkbLayout" "us"
+      Option "XkbVariant" "basic"
+    ''
+    ''
+      Identifier "moonlander"
+      MatchIsKeyboard "on"
+      MatchProduct "Moonlander"
+      Option "XkbLayout" "us"
+      Option "XkbVariant" "basic"
+    ''
+  ];
+};
+```
+
+But this is NixOS and that allows us to go one step further and make the
+identifier and product matching string configurable as will with our own [NixOS
+options](https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/index.html#sec-writing-modules).
+Let's start by lifting all of that above config into its own module:
+
+```nix
+# Colemak.nix
+
+{ config, lib, ... }: with lib; {
+  options = {
+    cadey.colemak = {
+      enable = mkEnableOption "Enables colemak for the default X config";
+    };
+  };
+  
+  config = mkIf config.cadey.Colemak.enable {
+    services.xserver = {
+      layout = "us";
+      xkbVariant = "colemak";
+      xkbOptions = "caps:escape";
+
+      inputClassSections = [
+        ''
+          Identifier "yubikey"
+          MatchIsKeyboard "on"
+          MatchProduct "Yubikey"
+          Option "XkbLayout" "us"
+          Option "XkbVariant" "basic"
+
+        ''
+        ''
+          Identifier "moonlander"
+          MatchIsKeyboard "on"
+          MatchProduct "Moonlander"
+          Option "XkbLayout" "us"
+          Option "XkbVariant" "basic"
+        ''
+      ];
+    };
+  };
+}
+```
+
+[This also has Yubikey inputs not get processed into Colemak so that <a
+href="https://developers.yubico.com/OTP/OTPs_Explained.html">Yubikey OTPs</a>
+still work as expected. Keep in mind that a Yubikey in this mode pretends to be
+a keyboard, so without this configuration the OTP will be processed into
+Colemak. The Yubico verification service will not be able to understand OTPs
+that are typed out in Colemak.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+Then we can turn the identifier and product values into options with
+[mkOption](https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/index.html#sec-option-declarations)
+and string interpolation:
+
+```nix
+# ...
+    cadey.colemak = {
+      enable = mkEnableOption "Enables Colemak for the default X config";
+      ignore = {
+        identifier = mkOption {
+          type = types.str;
+          description = "Keyboard input identifier to send raw keycodes for";
+          default = "moonlander";
+        };
+        product = mkOption {
+          type = types.str;
+          description = "Keyboard input product to send raw keycodes for";
+          default = "Moonlander";
+        };
+      };
+    };
+# ...
+        ''
+          Identifier "${config.cadey.colemak.ignore.identifier}"
+          MatchIsKeyboard "on"
+          MatchProduct "${config.cadey.colemak.ignore.product}"
+          Option "XkbLayout" "us"
+        ''
+# ...
+```
+
+Adding this to the default load path and enabling it with `cadey.colemak.enable
+= true;` in my tower's `configuration.nix` 
+
+This section was made possible thanks to help from [Graham
+Christensen](https://twitter.com/grhmc) who seems to be in search of a job. If
+you are wanting someone on your team that is kind and more than willing to help
+make your team flourish, I highly suggest looking into putting him in your
+hiring pipeline. See
+[here](https://twitter.com/grhmc/status/1324765493534875650) for contact
+information.
+
+## Oryx
+
+[Oryx](https://configure.ergodox-ez.com) is the configurator that ZSA created to
+allow people to create keymaps without needing to compile your own firmware or
+install the [QMK](https://qmk.fm) toolchain.
+
+[QMK is the name of the firmware that the Moonlander (and a lot of other
+custom/split mechanical keyboards) use. It works on AVR and Arm
+processors.](conversation://Mara/hacker)
+
+For most people, Oryx should be sufficient. I actually started my keymap using
+Oryx and sorta outgrew it as I learned more about QMK. It would be nice if Oryx
+added leader key support, however this is more of an advanced feature so I
+understand why it doesn't have that.
+
+## Things I Don't Like
+
+This keyboard isn't flawless, but it gets so many things right that this is
+mostly petty bickering at this point. I had to look hard to find these.
+
+I would have liked having another thumb key for things like layer toggling. I
+can make do with what I have, but another key would have been nice. Maybe add a
+1u key under the red shaped key?
+
+At the point I ordered the Moonlander, I was unable to order a black keyboard
+with white keycaps. I am told that ZSA will be selling keycap sets as early as
+next year. When that happens I will be sure to order a white one so that I can
+have an orca vibe.
+
+ZSA ships with UPS. Normally UPS is fine for me, but the driver that was slated
+to deliver it one day just didn't deliver it. I was able to get the keyboard
+eventually though. Contrary to their claims, the UPS website does NOT update
+instantly and is NOT the most up to date source of information about your
+package.
+
+The cables aren't braided. I would have liked braided cables.
+
+Like I said, these are _really minor_ things, but it's all I can really come up
+with as far as downsides go.
+
+## Conclusion
+
+Overall this keyboard is amazing. I would really suggest it to anyone that wants
+to be able to have control over their main tool and craft it towards their
+desires instead of making do with what some product manager somewhere decided
+what keys should do what. It's expensive at USD$350, but for the right kind of
+person this will be worth every penny. Your mileage may vary, but I like it.

cmd/site/clacks.go

@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"math/rand"
-	"net/http"
-	"time"
-)
-
-type ClackSet []string
-
-func (cs ClackSet) Name() string {
-	return "GNU " + cs[rand.Intn(len(cs))]
-}
-
-func (cs ClackSet) Middleware(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
-	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		w.Header().Add("X-Clacks-Overhead", cs.Name())
-
-		next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
-	})
-}
-
-func init() {
-	rand.Seed(time.Now().Unix())
-}

cmd/site/html.go

@@ -1,245 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"html/template"
-	"net/http"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"strings"
-	"time"
-
-	"christine.website/cmd/site/internal"
-	"christine.website/cmd/site/internal/blog"
-	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
-	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/promauto"
-	"within.website/ln"
-	"within.website/ln/opname"
-)
-
-var (
-	templateRenderTime = promauto.NewHistogramVec(prometheus.HistogramOpts{
-		Name: "template_render_time",
-		Help: "Template render time in nanoseconds",
-	}, []string{"name"})
-)
-
-func logTemplateTime(ctx context.Context, name string, f ln.F, from time.Time) {
-	dur := time.Since(from)
-	templateRenderTime.With(prometheus.Labels{"name": name}).Observe(float64(dur))
-	ln.Log(ctx, f, ln.F{"dur": dur, "name": name})
-}
-
-func (s *Site) renderTemplatePage(templateFname string, data interface{}) http.Handler {
-	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		ctx := opname.With(r.Context(), "renderTemplatePage")
-		fetag := "W/" + internal.Hash(templateFname, etag) + "-1"
-
-		f := ln.F{"etag": fetag, "if_none_match": r.Header.Get("If-None-Match")}
-
-		if r.Header.Get("If-None-Match") == fetag {
-			http.Error(w, "Cached data OK", http.StatusNotModified)
-			ln.Log(ctx, f, ln.Info("Cache hit"))
-			return
-		}
-
-		defer logTemplateTime(ctx, templateFname, f, time.Now())
-
-		var t *template.Template
-		var err error
-
-		t, err = template.ParseFiles("templates/base.html", "templates/"+templateFname)
-		if err != nil {
-			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError)
-			ln.Error(ctx, err, ln.F{"action": "renderTemplatePage", "page": templateFname})
-			fmt.Fprintf(w, "error: %v", err)
-		}
-
-		w.Header().Set("ETag", fetag)
-		w.Header().Set("Cache-Control", "max-age=432000")
-
-		err = t.Execute(w, data)
-		if err != nil {
-			panic(err)
-		}
-	})
-}
-
-var postView = promauto.NewCounterVec(prometheus.CounterOpts{
-	Name: "posts_viewed",
-	Help: "The number of views per post or talk",
-}, []string{"base"})
-
-func (s *Site) listSeries(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	s.renderTemplatePage("series.html", s.Series).ServeHTTP(w, r)
-}
-
-func (s *Site) showSeries(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	if r.RequestURI == "/blog/series/" {
-		http.Redirect(w, r, "/blog/series", http.StatusSeeOther)
-		return
-	}
-
-	series := filepath.Base(r.URL.Path)
-	var posts []blog.Post
-
-	for _, p := range s.Posts {
-		if p.Series == series {
-			posts = append(posts, p)
-		}
-	}
-
-	s.renderTemplatePage("serieslist.html", struct {
-		Name  string
-		Posts []blog.Post
-	}{
-		Name:  series,
-		Posts: posts,
-	}).ServeHTTP(w, r)
-}
-
-func (s *Site) showGallery(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	if r.RequestURI == "/gallery/" {
-		http.Redirect(w, r, "/gallery", http.StatusSeeOther)
-		return
-	}
-
-	cmp := r.URL.Path[1:]
-	var p blog.Post
-	var found bool
-	for _, pst := range s.Gallery {
-		if pst.Link == cmp {
-			p = pst
-			found = true
-		}
-	}
-
-	if !found {
-		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotFound)
-		s.renderTemplatePage("error.html", "no such post found: "+r.RequestURI).ServeHTTP(w, r)
-		return
-	}
-
-	var tags string
-	if len(p.Tags) != 0 {
-		for _, t := range p.Tags {
-			tags = tags + " #" + strings.ReplaceAll(t, "-", "")
-		}
-	}
-
-	h := s.renderTemplatePage("gallerypost.html", struct {
-		Title    string
-		Link     string
-		BodyHTML template.HTML
-		Date     string
-		Tags     string
-		Image    string
-	}{
-		Title:    p.Title,
-		Link:     p.Link,
-		BodyHTML: p.BodyHTML,
-		Date:     internal.IOS13Detri(p.Date),
-		Tags:     tags,
-		Image:    p.ImageURL,
-	})
-
-	if h == nil {
-		panic("how did we get here?")
-	}
-
-	h.ServeHTTP(w, r)
-	postView.With(prometheus.Labels{"base": filepath.Base(p.Link)}).Inc()
-}
-
-func (s *Site) showTalk(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	if r.RequestURI == "/talks/" {
-		http.Redirect(w, r, "/talks", http.StatusSeeOther)
-		return
-	}
-
-	cmp := r.URL.Path[1:]
-	var p blog.Post
-	var found bool
-	for _, pst := range s.Talks {
-		if pst.Link == cmp {
-			p = pst
-			found = true
-		}
-	}
-
-	if !found {
-		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotFound)
-		s.renderTemplatePage("error.html", "no such post found: "+r.RequestURI).ServeHTTP(w, r)
-		return
-	}
-
-	h := s.renderTemplatePage("talkpost.html", struct {
-		Title      string
-		Link       string
-		BodyHTML   template.HTML
-		Date       string
-		SlidesLink string
-	}{
-		Title:      p.Title,
-		Link:       p.Link,
-		BodyHTML:   p.BodyHTML,
-		Date:       internal.IOS13Detri(p.Date),
-		SlidesLink: p.SlidesLink,
-	})
-
-	if h == nil {
-		panic("how did we get here?")
-	}
-
-	h.ServeHTTP(w, r)
-	postView.With(prometheus.Labels{"base": filepath.Base(p.Link)}).Inc()
-}
-
-func (s *Site) showPost(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	if r.RequestURI == "/blog/" {
-		http.Redirect(w, r, "/blog", http.StatusSeeOther)
-		return
-	}
-
-	cmp := r.URL.Path[1:]
-	var p blog.Post
-	var found bool
-	for _, pst := range s.Posts {
-		if pst.Link == cmp {
-			p = pst
-			found = true
-		}
-	}
-
-	if !found {
-		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotFound)
-		s.renderTemplatePage("error.html", "no such post found: "+r.RequestURI).ServeHTTP(w, r)
-		return
-	}
-
-	var tags string
-
-	if len(p.Tags) != 0 {
-		for _, t := range p.Tags {
-			tags = tags + " #" + strings.ReplaceAll(t, "-", "")
-		}
-	}
-
-	s.renderTemplatePage("blogpost.html", struct {
-		Title             string
-		Link              string
-		BodyHTML          template.HTML
-		Date              string
-		Series, SeriesTag string
-		Tags              string
-	}{
-		Title:     p.Title,
-		Link:      p.Link,
-		BodyHTML:  p.BodyHTML,
-		Date:      internal.IOS13Detri(p.Date),
-		Series:    p.Series,
-		SeriesTag: strings.ReplaceAll(p.Series, "-", ""),
-		Tags:      tags,
-	}).ServeHTTP(w, r)
-	postView.With(prometheus.Labels{"base": filepath.Base(p.Link)}).Inc()
-}

cmd/site/internal/blog/blog.go

@@ -1,137 +0,0 @@
-package blog
-
-import (
-	"html/template"
-	"io/ioutil"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"sort"
-	"strings"
-	"time"
-
-	"christine.website/cmd/site/internal/front"
-	"github.com/russross/blackfriday"
-)
-
-// Post is a single blogpost.
-type Post struct {
-	Title      string        `json:"title"`
-	Link       string        `json:"link"`
-	Summary    string        `json:"summary,omitifempty"`
-	Body       string        `json:"-"`
-	BodyHTML   template.HTML `json:"body"`
-	Series     string        `json:"series"`
-	Tags       []string      `json:"tags"`
-	SlidesLink string        `json:"slides_link"`
-	ImageURL   string        `json:"image_url"`
-	ThumbURL   string        `json:"thumb_url"`
-	Date       time.Time
-	DateString string `json:"date"`
-}
-
-// Posts implements sort.Interface for a slice of Post objects.
-type Posts []Post
-
-func (p Posts) Series() []string {
-	names := map[string]struct{}{}
-
-	for _, ps := range p {
-		if ps.Series != "" {
-			names[ps.Series] = struct{}{}
-		}
-	}
-
-	var result []string
-
-	for name := range names {
-		result = append(result, name)
-	}
-
-	return result
-}
-
-func (p Posts) Len() int { return len(p) }
-func (p Posts) Less(i, j int) bool {
-	iDate := p[i].Date
-	jDate := p[j].Date
-
-	return iDate.Unix() < jDate.Unix()
-}
-func (p Posts) Swap(i, j int) { p[i], p[j] = p[j], p[i] }
-
-// LoadPosts loads posts for a given directory.
-func LoadPosts(path string, prepend string) (Posts, error) {
-	type postFM struct {
-		Title      string
-		Date       string
-		Series     string
-		Tags       []string
-		SlidesLink string `yaml:"slides_link"`
-		Image      string
-		Thumb      string
-		Show       string
-	}
-	var result Posts
-
-	err := filepath.Walk(path, func(path string, info os.FileInfo, err error) error {
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		if info.IsDir() {
-			return nil
-		}
-
-		fin, err := os.Open(path)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		defer fin.Close()
-
-		content, err := ioutil.ReadAll(fin)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		var fm postFM
-		remaining, err := front.Unmarshal(content, &fm)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		output := blackfriday.Run(remaining)
-
-		const timeFormat = `2006-01-02`
-		date, err := time.Parse(timeFormat, fm.Date)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		fname := filepath.Base(path)
-		fname = strings.TrimSuffix(fname, filepath.Ext(fname))
-
-		p := Post{
-			Title:      fm.Title,
-			Date:       date,
-			DateString: fm.Date,
-			Link:       filepath.Join(prepend, fname),
-			Body:       string(remaining),
-			BodyHTML:   template.HTML(output),
-			SlidesLink: fm.SlidesLink,
-			Series:     fm.Series,
-			Tags:       fm.Tags,
-			ImageURL:   fm.Image,
-			ThumbURL:   fm.Thumb,
-		}
-		result = append(result, p)
-
-		return nil
-	})
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	sort.Sort(sort.Reverse(result))
-
-	return result, nil
-}

cmd/site/internal/blog/blog_test.go

@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-package blog
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-)
-
-func TestLoadPosts(t *testing.T) {
-	posts, err := LoadPosts("../../../../blog", "blog")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	for _, post := range posts {
-		t.Run(post.Link, post.test)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestLoadTalks(t *testing.T) {
-	talks, err := LoadPosts("../../../../talks", "talks")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	for _, talk := range talks {
-		t.Run(talk.Link, talk.test)
-		if talk.SlidesLink == "" {
-			t.Errorf("talk %s (%s) doesn't have a slides link", talk.Title, talk.DateString)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestLoadGallery(t *testing.T) {
-	gallery, err := LoadPosts("../../../../gallery", "gallery")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	for _, art := range gallery {
-		t.Run(art.Link, art.test)
-		if art.ImageURL == "" {
-			t.Errorf("art %s (%s) doesn't have an image link", art.Title, art.DateString)
-		}
-		if art.ThumbURL == "" {
-			t.Errorf("art %s (%s) doesn't have a thumbnail link", art.Title, art.DateString)
-		}
-
-	}
-}
-
-func (p Post) test(t *testing.T) {
-	if p.Title == "" {
-		t.Error("no post title")
-	}
-
-	if p.DateString == "" {
-		t.Error("no date")
-	}
-
-	if p.Link == "" {
-		t.Error("no link")
-	}
-
-	if p.Body == "" {
-		t.Error("no body")
-	}
-}

cmd/site/internal/date.go

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-package internal
-
-import "time"
-
-const iOS13DetriFormat = `2006 M1 2`
-
-// IOS13Detri formats a datestamp like iOS 13 does with the Lojban locale.
-func IOS13Detri(t time.Time) string {
-	return t.Format(iOS13DetriFormat)
-}

cmd/site/internal/date_test.go

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-package internal
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"testing"
-	"time"
-)
-
-func TestIOS13Detri(t *testing.T) {
-	cases := []struct {
-		in  time.Time
-		out string
-	}{
-		{
-			in:  time.Date(2019, time.March, 30, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.FixedZone("UTC", 0)),
-			out: "2019 M3 30",
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, cs := range cases {
-		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%s -> %s", cs.in.Format(time.RFC3339), cs.out), func(t *testing.T) {
-			result := IOS13Detri(cs.in)
-			if result != cs.out {
-				t.Fatalf("wanted: %s, got: %s", cs.out, result)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}

cmd/site/internal/front/LICENSE

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-Copyright (c) 2017 TJ Holowaychuk <tj@vision-media.ca>
-
-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
-in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
-to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
-copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
-OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
-THE SOFTWARE.

cmd/site/internal/front/front.go

@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-// Package front provides YAML frontmatter unmarshalling.
-package front
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-
-	"gopkg.in/yaml.v2"
-)
-
-// Delimiter.
-var delim = []byte("---")
-
-// Unmarshal parses YAML frontmatter and returns the content. When no
-// frontmatter delimiters are present the original content is returned.
-func Unmarshal(b []byte, v interface{}) (content []byte, err error) {
-	if !bytes.HasPrefix(b, delim) {
-		return b, nil
-	}
-
-	parts := bytes.SplitN(b, delim, 3)
-	content = parts[2]
-	err = yaml.Unmarshal(parts[1], v)
-	return
-}

cmd/site/internal/front/front_test.go

@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-package front_test
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"log"
-
-	"christine.website/cmd/site/internal/front"
-)
-
-var markdown = []byte(`---
-title: Ferrets
-authors:
-  - Tobi
-  - Loki
-  - Jane
----
-Some content here, so
-interesting, you just
-want to keep reading.`)
-
-type article struct {
-	Title   string
-	Authors []string
-}
-
-func Example() {
-	var a article
-
-	content, err := front.Unmarshal(markdown, &a)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("error unmarshalling: %s", err)
-	}
-
-	fmt.Printf("%#v\n", a)
-	fmt.Printf("%s\n", string(content))
-	// Output:
-	// front_test.article{Title:"Ferrets", Authors:[]string{"Tobi", "Loki", "Jane"}}
-	//
-	// Some content here, so
-	// interesting, you just
-	// want to keep reading.
-}

cmd/site/internal/hash.go

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-package internal
-
-import (
-	"crypto/md5"
-	"fmt"
-)
-
-// Hash is a simple wrapper around the MD5 algorithm implementation in the
-// Go standard library. It takes in data and a salt and returns the hashed
-// representation.
-func Hash(data string, salt string) string {
-	output := md5.Sum([]byte(data + salt))
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%x", output)
-}

cmd/site/internal/middleware/metrics.go

@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-package middleware
-
-import (
-	"net/http"
-
-	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
-	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/promhttp"
-)
-
-var (
-	requestCounter = prometheus.NewCounterVec(
-		prometheus.CounterOpts{
-			Name: "handler_requests_total",
-			Help: "Total number of request/responses by HTTP status code.",
-		}, []string{"handler", "code"})
-
-	requestDuration = prometheus.NewHistogramVec(prometheus.HistogramOpts{
-		Name: "handler_request_duration",
-		Help: "Handler request duration.",
-	}, []string{"handler", "method"})
-
-	requestInFlight = prometheus.NewGaugeVec(prometheus.GaugeOpts{
-		Name: "handler_requests_in_flight",
-		Help: "Current number of requests being served.",
-	}, []string{"handler"})
-)
-
-func init() {
-	_ = prometheus.Register(requestCounter)
-	_ = prometheus.Register(requestDuration)
-	_ = prometheus.Register(requestInFlight)
-}
-
-// Metrics captures request duration, request count and in-flight request count
-// metrics for HTTP handlers. The family field is used to discriminate handlers.
-func Metrics(family string, next http.Handler) http.Handler {
-	return promhttp.InstrumentHandlerDuration(
-		requestDuration.MustCurryWith(prometheus.Labels{"handler": family}),
-		promhttp.InstrumentHandlerCounter(requestCounter.MustCurryWith(prometheus.Labels{"handler": family}),
-			promhttp.InstrumentHandlerInFlight(requestInFlight.With(prometheus.Labels{"handler": family}), next),
-		),
-	)
-}

cmd/site/internal/middleware/requestid.go

@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-package middleware
-
-import (
-	"net/http"
-
-	"github.com/celrenheit/sandflake"
-	"within.website/ln"
-)
-
-// RequestID appends a unique (sandflake) request ID to each request's
-// X-Request-Id header field, much like Heroku's router does.
-func RequestID(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
-	var g sandflake.Generator
-	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		id := g.Next().String()
-
-		if rid := r.Header.Get("X-Request-Id"); rid != "" {
-			id = rid + "," + id
-		}
-
-		ctx := ln.WithF(r.Context(), ln.F{
-			"request_id": id,
-		})
-		r = r.WithContext(ctx)
-
-		w.Header().Set("X-Request-Id", id)
-		r.Header.Set("X-Request-Id", id)
-
-		next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
-	})
-}

cmd/site/main.go

@@ -1,296 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"html/template"
-	"io/ioutil"
-	"net/http"
-	"os"
-	"sort"
-	"strings"
-	"time"
-
-	"christine.website/cmd/site/internal/blog"
-	"christine.website/cmd/site/internal/middleware"
-	"christine.website/jsonfeed"
-	"github.com/gorilla/feeds"
-	_ "github.com/joho/godotenv/autoload"
-	"github.com/povilasv/prommod"
-	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
-	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/promhttp"
-	blackfriday "github.com/russross/blackfriday"
-	"github.com/sebest/xff"
-	"github.com/snabb/sitemap"
-	"within.website/ln"
-	"within.website/ln/ex"
-	"within.website/ln/opname"
-)
-
-var port = os.Getenv("PORT")
-
-func main() {
-	if port == "" {
-		port = "29384"
-	}
-
-	ctx := ln.WithF(opname.With(context.Background(), "main"), ln.F{
-		"port":    port,
-		"git_rev": gitRev,
-	})
-
-	_ = prometheus.Register(prommod.NewCollector("christine"))
-
-	s, err := Build()
-	if err != nil {
-		ln.FatalErr(ctx, err, ln.Action("Build"))
-	}
-
-	mux := http.NewServeMux()
-	mux.HandleFunc("/.within/health", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		http.Error(w, "OK", http.StatusOK)
-	})
-	mux.Handle("/", s)
-
-	ln.Log(ctx, ln.Action("http_listening"))
-	ln.FatalErr(ctx, http.ListenAndServe(":"+port, mux))
-}
-
-// Site is the parent object for https://christine.website's backend.
-type Site struct {
-	Posts       blog.Posts
-	Talks       blog.Posts
-	Gallery     blog.Posts
-	Resume      template.HTML
-	Series      []string
-	SignalBoost []Person
-
-	clacks   ClackSet
-	patrons  []string
-	rssFeed  *feeds.Feed
-	jsonFeed *jsonfeed.Feed
-
-	mux   *http.ServeMux
-	xffmw *xff.XFF
-}
-
-var gitRev = os.Getenv("GIT_REV")
-
-func envOr(key, or string) string {
-	if result, ok := os.LookupEnv(key); ok {
-		return result
-	}
-
-	return or
-}
-
-func (s *Site) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	ctx := opname.With(r.Context(), "site.ServeHTTP")
-	ctx = ln.WithF(ctx, ln.F{
-		"user_agent": r.Header.Get("User-Agent"),
-	})
-	r = r.WithContext(ctx)
-	if gitRev != "" {
-		w.Header().Add("X-Git-Rev", gitRev)
-	}
-
-	w.Header().Add("X-Hacker", "If you are reading this, check out /signalboost to find people for your team")
-
-	s.clacks.Middleware(
-		middleware.RequestID(
-			s.xffmw.Handler(
-				ex.HTTPLog(s.mux),
-			),
-		),
-	).ServeHTTP(w, r)
-}
-
-var arbDate = time.Date(2020, time.May, 21, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
-
-// Build creates a new Site instance or fails.
-func Build() (*Site, error) {
-	pc, err := NewPatreonClient()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	pledges, err := GetPledges(pc)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	people, err := loadPeople("./signalboost.dhall")
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	smi := sitemap.New()
-	smi.Add(&sitemap.URL{
-		Loc:        "https://christine.website/resume",
-		LastMod:    &arbDate,
-		ChangeFreq: sitemap.Monthly,
-	})
-
-	smi.Add(&sitemap.URL{
-		Loc:        "https://christine.website/contact",
-		LastMod:    &arbDate,
-		ChangeFreq: sitemap.Monthly,
-	})
-
-	smi.Add(&sitemap.URL{
-		Loc:        "https://christine.website/",
-		LastMod:    &arbDate,
-		ChangeFreq: sitemap.Monthly,
-	})
-
-	smi.Add(&sitemap.URL{
-		Loc:        "https://christine.website/patrons",
-		LastMod:    &arbDate,
-		ChangeFreq: sitemap.Weekly,
-	})
-
-	smi.Add(&sitemap.URL{
-		Loc:        "https://christine.website/blog",
-		LastMod:    &arbDate,
-		ChangeFreq: sitemap.Weekly,
-	})
-
-	xffmw, err := xff.Default()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	s := &Site{
-		rssFeed: &feeds.Feed{
-			Title:       "Christine Dodrill's Blog",
-			Link:        &feeds.Link{Href: "https://christine.website/blog"},
-			Description: "My blog posts and rants about various technology things.",
-			Author:      &feeds.Author{Name: "Christine Dodrill", Email: "me@christine.website"},
-			Created:     bootTime,
-			Copyright:   "This work is copyright Christine Dodrill. My viewpoints are my own and not the view of any employer past, current or future.",
-		},
-		jsonFeed: &jsonfeed.Feed{
-			Version:     jsonfeed.CurrentVersion,
-			Title:       "Christine Dodrill's Blog",
-			HomePageURL: "https://christine.website",
-			FeedURL:     "https://christine.website/blog.json",
-			Description: "My blog posts and rants about various technology things.",
-			UserComment: "This is a JSON feed of my blogposts. For more information read: https://jsonfeed.org/version/1",
-			Icon:        icon,
-			Favicon:     icon,
-			Author: jsonfeed.Author{
-				Name:   "Christine Dodrill",
-				Avatar: icon,
-			},
-		},
-		mux:   http.NewServeMux(),
-		xffmw: xffmw,
-
-		clacks:      ClackSet(strings.Split(envOr("CLACK_SET", "Ashlynn"), ",")),
-		patrons:     pledges,
-		SignalBoost: people,
-	}
-
-	posts, err := blog.LoadPosts("./blog/", "blog")
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	s.Posts = posts
-	s.Series = posts.Series()
-	sort.Strings(s.Series)
-
-	talks, err := blog.LoadPosts("./talks", "talks")
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	s.Talks = talks
-
-	gallery, err := blog.LoadPosts("./gallery", "gallery")
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	s.Gallery = gallery
-
-	var everything blog.Posts
-	everything = append(everything, posts...)
-	everything = append(everything, talks...)
-	everything = append(everything, gallery...)
-
-	sort.Sort(sort.Reverse(everything))
-
-	resumeData, err := ioutil.ReadFile("./static/resume/resume.md")
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	s.Resume = template.HTML(blackfriday.Run(resumeData))
-
-	for _, item := range everything {
-		s.rssFeed.Items = append(s.rssFeed.Items, &feeds.Item{
-			Title:       item.Title,
-			Link:        &feeds.Link{Href: "https://christine.website/" + item.Link},
-			Description: item.Summary,
-			Created:     item.Date,
-			Content:     string(item.BodyHTML),
-		})
-
-		s.jsonFeed.Items = append(s.jsonFeed.Items, jsonfeed.Item{
-			ID:            "https://christine.website/" + item.Link,
-			URL:           "https://christine.website/" + item.Link,
-			Title:         item.Title,
-			DatePublished: item.Date,
-			ContentHTML:   string(item.BodyHTML),
-			Tags:          item.Tags,
-		})
-
-		smi.Add(&sitemap.URL{
-			Loc:        "https://christine.website/" + item.Link,
-			LastMod:    &item.Date,
-			ChangeFreq: sitemap.Monthly,
-		})
-	}
-
-	// Add HTTP routes here
-	s.mux.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		if r.URL.Path != "/" {
-			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotFound)
-			s.renderTemplatePage("error.html", "can't find "+r.URL.Path).ServeHTTP(w, r)
-			return
-		}
-
-		s.renderTemplatePage("index.html", nil).ServeHTTP(w, r)
-	})
-	s.mux.Handle("/metrics", promhttp.Handler())
-	s.mux.Handle("/feeds", middleware.Metrics("feeds", s.renderTemplatePage("feeds.html", nil)))
-	s.mux.Handle("/patrons", middleware.Metrics("patrons", s.renderTemplatePage("patrons.html", s.patrons)))
-	s.mux.Handle("/signalboost", middleware.Metrics("signalboost", s.renderTemplatePage("signalboost.html", s.SignalBoost)))
-	s.mux.Handle("/resume", middleware.Metrics("resume", s.renderTemplatePage("resume.html", s.Resume)))
-	s.mux.Handle("/blog", middleware.Metrics("blog", s.renderTemplatePage("blogindex.html", s.Posts)))
-	s.mux.Handle("/talks", middleware.Metrics("talks", s.renderTemplatePage("talkindex.html", s.Talks)))
-	s.mux.Handle("/gallery", middleware.Metrics("gallery", s.renderTemplatePage("galleryindex.html", s.Gallery)))
-	s.mux.Handle("/contact", middleware.Metrics("contact", s.renderTemplatePage("contact.html", nil)))
-	s.mux.Handle("/blog.rss", middleware.Metrics("blog.rss", http.HandlerFunc(s.createFeed)))
-	s.mux.Handle("/blog.atom", middleware.Metrics("blog.atom", http.HandlerFunc(s.createAtom)))
-	s.mux.Handle("/blog.json", middleware.Metrics("blog.json", http.HandlerFunc(s.createJSONFeed)))
-	s.mux.Handle("/blog/", middleware.Metrics("blogpost", http.HandlerFunc(s.showPost)))
-	s.mux.Handle("/blog/series", http.HandlerFunc(s.listSeries))
-	s.mux.Handle("/blog/series/", http.HandlerFunc(s.showSeries))
-	s.mux.Handle("/talks/", middleware.Metrics("talks", http.HandlerFunc(s.showTalk)))
-	s.mux.Handle("/gallery/", middleware.Metrics("gallery", http.HandlerFunc(s.showGallery)))
-	s.mux.Handle("/css/", http.FileServer(http.Dir(".")))
-	s.mux.Handle("/static/", http.FileServer(http.Dir(".")))
-	s.mux.HandleFunc("/sw.js", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		http.ServeFile(w, r, "./static/js/sw.js")
-	})
-	s.mux.HandleFunc("/robots.txt", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		http.ServeFile(w, r, "./static/robots.txt")
-	})
-	s.mux.Handle("/sitemap.xml", middleware.Metrics("sitemap", http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/xml")
-		_, _ = smi.WriteTo(w)
-	})))
-	s.mux.HandleFunc("/api/pageview-timer", handlePageViewTimer)
-
-	return s, nil
-}
-
-const icon = "https://christine.website/static/img/avatar.png"

cmd/site/pageview.go

@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	"io/ioutil"
-	"net/http"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
-	"within.website/ln"
-)
-
-var (
-	readTimes = prometheus.NewHistogramVec(prometheus.HistogramOpts{
-		Name: "blogpage_read_times",
-		Help: "This tracks how much time people spend reading articles on my blog",
-	}, []string{"path"})
-)
-
-func init() {
-	_ = prometheus.Register(readTimes)
-}
-
-func handlePageViewTimer(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	if r.Header.Get("DNT") == "1" {
-		http.NotFound(w, r)
-		return
-	}
-
-	data, err := ioutil.ReadAll(r.Body)
-	if err != nil {
-		ln.Error(r.Context(), err, ln.Info("while reading data"))
-		http.Error(w, "oopsie whoopsie uwu", http.StatusInternalServerError)
-		return
-	}
-	r.Body.Close()
-
-	type metricsData struct {
-		Path      string    `json:"path"`
-		StartTime time.Time `json:"start_time"`
-		EndTime   time.Time `json:"end_time"`
-	}
-	var md metricsData
-	err = json.Unmarshal(data, &md)
-	if err != nil {
-		http.NotFound(w, r)
-		return
-	}
-
-	diff := md.EndTime.Sub(md.StartTime).Seconds()
-
-	readTimes.WithLabelValues(md.Path).Observe(float64(diff))
-}

cmd/site/patreon.go

@@ -1,112 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"net/http"
-	"os"
-	"sort"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/mxpv/patreon-go"
-	"golang.org/x/oauth2"
-	"within.website/ln"
-)
-
-func NewPatreonClient() (*patreon.Client, error) {
-	for _, name := range []string{"CLIENT_ID", "CLIENT_SECRET", "ACCESS_TOKEN", "REFRESH_TOKEN"} {
-		if os.Getenv("PATREON_"+name) == "" {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("wanted envvar PATREON_%s", name)
-		}
-	}
-
-	config := oauth2.Config{
-		ClientID:     os.Getenv("PATREON_CLIENT_ID"),
-		ClientSecret: os.Getenv("PATREON_CLIENT_SECRET"),
-		Endpoint: oauth2.Endpoint{
-			AuthURL:  patreon.AuthorizationURL,
-			TokenURL: patreon.AccessTokenURL,
-		},
-		Scopes: []string{"users", "campaigns", "pledges", "pledges-to-me", "my-campaign"},
-	}
-
-	token := oauth2.Token{
-		AccessToken:  os.Getenv("PATREON_ACCESS_TOKEN"),
-		RefreshToken: os.Getenv("PATREON_REFRESH_TOKEN"),
-		// Must be non-nil, otherwise token will not be expired
-		Expiry: time.Now().Add(90 * 24 * time.Hour),
-	}
-
-	tc := config.Client(context.Background(), &token)
-
-	trans := tc.Transport
-	tc.Transport = lnLoggingTransport{next: trans}
-	client := patreon.NewClient(tc)
-
-	return client, nil
-}
-
-func GetPledges(pc *patreon.Client) ([]string, error) {
-	campaign, err := pc.FetchCampaign()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("campaign fetch error: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	campaignID := campaign.Data[0].ID
-
-	cursor := ""
-	var result []string
-
-	for {
-		pledgesResponse, err := pc.FetchPledges(campaignID, patreon.WithPageSize(25), patreon.WithCursor(cursor))
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		users := make(map[string]*patreon.User)
-		for _, item := range pledgesResponse.Included.Items {
-			u, ok := item.(*patreon.User)
-			if !ok {
-				continue
-			}
-
-			users[u.ID] = u
-		}
-
-		for _, pledge := range pledgesResponse.Data {
-			pid := pledge.Relationships.Patron.Data.ID
-			patronFullName := users[pid].Attributes.FullName
-
-			result = append(result, patronFullName)
-		}
-
-		cursor = pledgesResponse.Links.Next
-		if cursor == "" {
-			break
-		}
-	}
-
-	sort.Strings(result)
-	return result, nil
-}
-
-type lnLoggingTransport struct{ next http.RoundTripper }
-
-func (l lnLoggingTransport) RoundTrip(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
-	ctx := r.Context()
-	f := ln.F{
-		"url":       r.URL.String(),
-		"has_token": r.Header.Get("Authorization") != "",
-	}
-
-	resp, err := l.next.RoundTrip(r)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	f["status"] = resp.Status
-
-	ln.Log(ctx, f)
-
-	return resp, nil
-}

cmd/site/rss.go

@@ -1,91 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	"net/http"
-	"time"
-
-	"christine.website/cmd/site/internal"
-	"within.website/ln"
-	"within.website/ln/opname"
-)
-
-var bootTime = time.Now()
-var etag = internal.Hash(bootTime.String(), IncrediblySecureSalt)
-
-// IncrediblySecureSalt *******
-const IncrediblySecureSalt = "hunter2"
-
-func (s *Site) createFeed(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	ctx := opname.With(r.Context(), "rss-feed")
-	fetag := "W/" + internal.Hash(bootTime.String(), IncrediblySecureSalt)
-	w.Header().Set("ETag", fetag)
-
-	if r.Header.Get("If-None-Match") == fetag {
-		http.Error(w, "Cached data OK", http.StatusNotModified)
-		ln.Log(ctx, ln.Info("cache hit"))
-		return
-	}
-
-	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/rss+xml")
-	err := s.rssFeed.WriteRss(w)
-	if err != nil {
-		http.Error(w, "Internal server error", http.StatusInternalServerError)
-		ln.Error(r.Context(), err, ln.F{
-			"remote_addr": r.RemoteAddr,
-			"action":      "generating_rss",
-			"uri":         r.RequestURI,
-			"host":        r.Host,
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func (s *Site) createAtom(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	ctx := opname.With(r.Context(), "atom-feed")
-	fetag := "W/" + internal.Hash(bootTime.String(), IncrediblySecureSalt)
-	w.Header().Set("ETag", fetag)
-
-	if r.Header.Get("If-None-Match") == fetag {
-		http.Error(w, "Cached data OK", http.StatusNotModified)
-		ln.Log(ctx, ln.Info("cache hit"))
-		return
-	}
-
-	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/atom+xml")
-	err := s.rssFeed.WriteAtom(w)
-	if err != nil {
-		http.Error(w, "Internal server error", http.StatusInternalServerError)
-		ln.Error(ctx, err, ln.F{
-			"remote_addr": r.RemoteAddr,
-			"action":      "generating_atom",
-			"uri":         r.RequestURI,
-			"host":        r.Host,
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func (s *Site) createJSONFeed(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-	ctx := opname.With(r.Context(), "atom-feed")
-	fetag := "W/" + internal.Hash(bootTime.String(), IncrediblySecureSalt)
-	w.Header().Set("ETag", fetag)
-
-	if r.Header.Get("If-None-Match") == fetag {
-		http.Error(w, "Cached data OK", http.StatusNotModified)
-		ln.Log(ctx, ln.Info("cache hit"))
-		return
-	}
-
-	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
-	e := json.NewEncoder(w)
-	e.SetIndent("", "\t")
-	err := e.Encode(s.jsonFeed)
-	if err != nil {
-		http.Error(w, "Internal server error", http.StatusInternalServerError)
-		ln.Error(ctx, err, ln.F{
-			"remote_addr": r.RemoteAddr,
-			"action":      "generating_jsonfeed",
-			"uri":         r.RequestURI,
-			"host":        r.Host,
-		})
-	}
-}

cmd/site/signalboost.go

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"io/ioutil"
-
-	"github.com/philandstuff/dhall-golang"
-)
-
-type Person struct {
-	Name    string   `dhall:"name"`
-	GitLink string   `dhall:"gitLink"`
-	Twitter string   `dhall:"twitter"`
-	Tags    []string `dhall:"tags"`
-}
-
-func loadPeople(path string) ([]Person, error) {
-	data, err := ioutil.ReadFile(path)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	var people []Person
-	err = dhall.Unmarshal(data, &people)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	return people, nil
-}

cmd/site/signalboost_test.go

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import "testing"
-
-func TestLoadPeople(t *testing.T) {
-	people, err := loadPeople("../../signalboost.dhall")
-	if err != nil {t.Fatal(err)}
-
-	for _, person := range people {
-		t.Run(person.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			if person.Name == "" {
-				t.Error("missing name")
-			}
-
-			if len(person.Tags) == 0 {
-				t.Error("missing tags")
-			}
-
-			if person.Twitter == "" {
-				t.Error("missing twitter")
-			}
-
-			if person.GitLink == "" {
-				t.Error("missing git link")
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}

config.dhall

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+let Person =
+      { Type = { name : Text, tags : List Text, gitLink : Text, twitter : Text }
+      , default =
+        { name = "", tags = [] : List Text, gitLink = "", twitter = "" }
+      }
+
+let defaultPort = env:PORT ? 3030
+
+let defaultWebMentionEndpoint =
+        env:WEBMENTION_ENDPOINT
+      ? "https://mi.within.website/api/webmention/accept"
+
+let Config =
+      { Type =
+          { signalboost : List Person.Type
+          , port : Natural
+          , clackSet : List Text
+          , resumeFname : Text
+          , webMentionEndpoint : Text
+          , miToken : Text
+          }
+      , default =
+        { signalboost = [] : List Person.Type
+        , port = defaultPort
+        , clackSet = [ "Ashlynn" ]
+        , resumeFname = "./static/resume/resume.md"
+        , webMentionEndpoint = defaultWebMentionEndpoint
+        , miToken = "${env:MI_TOKEN as Text ? ""}"
+        }
+      }
+
+in  Config::{
+    , signalboost = ./signalboost.dhall
+    , clackSet = [ "Ashlynn", "Terry Davis", "Dennis Ritchie" ]
+    }

css/hack.css

@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ a:hover {
   overflow: hidden;
 }
 .hack h1:after {
-  content: "====================================================================================================";
+  content: "===============================================================================================================================================================";
   position: absolute;
   bottom: 10px;
   left: 0;
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ a:hover {
 }
 .hack pre code:after,
 .hack pre code:before {
-  content: "";
+  display: none;
 }
 .hack code {
   font-weight: 700;
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ a:hover {
   margin: 20px 0;
 }
 .hack hr:after {
-  content: "----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------";
+  content: "---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------";
   position: absolute;
   top: 0;
   left: 0;
@@ -789,3 +789,12 @@ select.form-control {
     width: 100%;
   }
 }
+
+.signalboost > .cell {
+  padding-right: 1rem;
+  padding-bottom: 2rem;
+}
+.signalboost > .cell > p {
+  margin-top: 0.5rem;
+  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
+}

css/shim.css

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+.main {
+	padding: 20px 10px;
+}
+
+.hack h1 {
+	padding-top: 0;
+}
+
+footer.footer {
+	border-top: 1px solid #ccc;
+	margin-top: 80px;
+	margin-top: 5rem;
+	padding: 48px 0;
+	padding: 3rem 0;
+}
+
+img {
+	max-width: 100%;
+	padding: 1em;
+}
+
+.conversation {
+  display: flex;
+}
+
+.conversation-picture {
+  flex: 1;
+  min-width: 9rem;
+  max-width: calc(((70rem - 2rem)/6));
+}

css/snow.css

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
     padding: 1em;
 }
 
-@keyframes snow {
-    0% {background-position: 0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px;}
-    100% {background-position: 500px 1000px, 400px 400px, 300px 300px}
-}
+/* @keyframes snow { */
+/*     0% {background-position: 0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px;} */
+/*     100% {background-position: 500px 1000px, 400px 400px, 300px 300px} */
+/* } */

default.nix

@@ -1,6 +1,57 @@
-{ }:
+{ sources ? import ./nix/sources.nix, pkgs ? import sources.nixpkgs { } }:
+with pkgs;
 
 let
-  sources = import ./nix/sources.nix;
-  pkgs = import sources.nixpkgs { };
-in pkgs.callPackage ./site.nix { inherit pkgs; }
+  rust = pkgs.callPackage ./nix/rust.nix { };
+
+  srcNoTarget = dir:
+    builtins.filterSource
+    (path: type: type != "directory" || builtins.baseNameOf path != "target")
+    dir;
+
+  naersk = pkgs.callPackage sources.naersk {
+    rustc = rust;
+    cargo = rust;
+  };
+  dhallpkgs = import sources.easy-dhall-nix { inherit pkgs; };
+  src = srcNoTarget ./.;
+
+  xesite = naersk.buildPackage {
+    inherit src;
+    doCheck = true;
+    buildInputs = [ pkg-config openssl git ];
+    remapPathPrefix = true;
+  };
+
+  config = stdenv.mkDerivation {
+    pname = "xesite-config";
+    version = "HEAD";
+    buildInputs = [ dhallpkgs.dhall-simple ];
+
+    phases = "installPhase";
+
+    installPhase = ''
+      cd ${src}
+      dhall resolve < ${src}/config.dhall >> $out
+    '';
+  };
+
+in pkgs.stdenv.mkDerivation {
+  inherit (xesite) name;
+  inherit src;
+  phases = "installPhase";
+
+  installPhase = ''
+    mkdir -p $out $out/bin
+
+    cp -rf ${config} $out/config.dhall
+    cp -rf $src/blog $out/blog
+    cp -rf $src/css $out/css
+    cp -rf $src/gallery $out/gallery
+    cp -rf $src/signalboost.dhall $out/signalboost.dhall
+    cp -rf $src/static $out/static
+    cp -rf $src/talks $out/talks
+
+    cp -rf ${xesite}/bin/xesite $out/bin/xesite
+  '';
+}

docker.nix

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-{ system ? builtins.currentSystem }:
-
-let
-  pkgs = import (import ./nix/sources.nix).nixpkgs { inherit system; };
-  callPackage = pkgs.lib.callPackageWith pkgs;
-  site = callPackage ./site.nix { };
-
-  dockerImage = pkg:
-    pkgs.dockerTools.buildLayeredImage {
-      name = "xena/christinewebsite";
-      tag = pkg.version;
-
-      contents = [ pkg pkgs.cacert ];
-
-      config = {
-        Cmd = [ "/bin/site" ];
-        WorkingDir = "/";
-      };
-    };
-
-in dockerImage site

examples/http.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+use eyre::Result;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+pub struct Author {
+    pub id: i32,
+    pub name: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+pub struct Comment {
+    pub id: i32,
+    pub author: Author,
+    pub body: String,
+    pub in_reply_to: i32,
+}
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() -> Result<()> {
+    let c: Comment = reqwest::get("https://xena.greedo.xeserv.us/files/comment.json")
+        .await?
+        .json()
+        .await?;
+    println!("comment: {:#?}", c);
+
+    Ok(())
+}

examples/http_fail.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+use eyre::Result;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+pub struct Author {
+    pub id: i32,
+    pub name: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+pub struct Comment {
+    pub id: i32,
+    pub author: Author,
+    pub body: String,
+    pub in_reply_to: i32,
+}
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() -> Result<()> {
+    let c: Comment = reqwest::get("https://xena.greedo.xeserv.us/files/comment2.json")
+        .await?
+        .error_for_status()?
+        .json()
+        .await?;
+    println!("comment: {:#?}", c);
+
+    Ok(())
+}

examples/json.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+pub struct Author {
+    pub id: i32,
+    pub name: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Deserialize, Serialize)]
+pub struct Comment {
+    pub id: i32,
+    pub author: Author,
+    pub body: String,
+    pub in_reply_to: i32,
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    let data = r#"
+  {
+    "id": 31337,
+    "author": {
+      "id": 420,
+      "name": "Cadey"
+    },
+    "body": "hahaha its is an laughter image",
+    "in_reply_to": 31335
+  }
+  "#;
+
+    let c: Comment = serde_json::from_str(data).expect("json to parse");
+    println!("comment: {:#?}", c);
+}

examples/logger_test.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+use log::{debug, error, info, trace, warn};
+
+fn main() {
+    pretty_env_logger::init();
+
+    trace!("starting main");
+    debug!("debug message");
+    info!("this is some information");
+    warn!("oh no something bad is about to happen");
+    error!("oh no it's an error");
+}

examples/warp.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+use warp::Filter;
+
+#[tokio::main]
+async fn main() {
+    let hello = warp::path!("hello" / String)
+        .map(|name| format!("Hello, {}!", name));
+    let health = warp::path!(".within" / "health")
+        .map(|| "OK");
+    let routes = hello.or(health);
+
+    warp::serve(routes)
+        .run(([0, 0, 0, 0], 3030))
+        .await;
+}

go.mod

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-module christine.website
-
-require (
-	github.com/celrenheit/sandflake v0.0.0-20190410195419-50a943690bc2
-	github.com/gorilla/feeds v1.1.1
-	github.com/joho/godotenv v1.3.0
-	github.com/mxpv/patreon-go v0.0.0-20190917022727-646111f1d983
-	github.com/philandstuff/dhall-golang v1.0.0
-	github.com/povilasv/prommod v0.0.12
-	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.7.0
-	github.com/russross/blackfriday v2.0.0+incompatible
-	github.com/sebest/xff v0.0.0-20160910043805-6c115e0ffa35
-	github.com/shurcooL/sanitized_anchor_name v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/snabb/sitemap v1.0.0
-	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.6.1
-	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20200107190931-bf48bf16ab8d
-	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.3.0
-	within.website/ln v0.9.1
-)
-
-go 1.13

go.sum

@@ -1,204 +0,0 @@
-cloud.google.com/go v0.34.0/go.mod h1:aQUYkXzVsufM+DwF1aE+0xfcU+56JwCaLick0ClmMTw=
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-github.com/alecthomas/template v0.0.0-20190718012654-fb15b899a751/go.mod h1:LOuyumcjzFXgccqObfd/Ljyb9UuFJ6TxHnclSeseNhc=
-github.com/alecthomas/units v0.0.0-20151022065526-2efee857e7cf/go.mod h1:ybxpYRFXyAe+OPACYpWeL0wqObRcbAqCMya13uyzqw0=
-github.com/alecthomas/units v0.0.0-20190717042225-c3de453c63f4/go.mod h1:ybxpYRFXyAe+OPACYpWeL0wqObRcbAqCMya13uyzqw0=
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-github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.0 h1:HWo1m869IqiPhD389kmkxeTalrjNbbJTC8LXupb+sl0=
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jsonfeed/.travis.yml

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-# This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
-# License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
-# file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/
-
-language: go
-
-go:
-  - 1.8.1
-
-before_install:
-  - go get -t -v ./...
-
-script:
-  - go test -race -coverprofile=coverage.txt -covermode=atomic
-
-after_success:
-  - bash <(curl -s https://codecov.io/bash)

jsonfeed/LICENSE

@@ -1,363 +0,0 @@
-Mozilla Public License, version 2.0
-
-1. Definitions
-
-1.1. "Contributor"
-
-     means each individual or legal entity that creates, contributes to the
-     creation of, or owns Covered Software.
-
-1.2. "Contributor Version"
-
-     means the combination of the Contributions of others (if any) used by a
-     Contributor and that particular Contributor's Contribution.
-
-1.3. "Contribution"
-
-     means Covered Software of a particular Contributor.
-
-1.4. "Covered Software"
-
-     means Source Code Form to which the initial Contributor has attached the
-     notice in Exhibit A, the Executable Form of such Source Code Form, and
-     Modifications of such Source Code Form, in each case including portions
-     thereof.
-
-1.5. "Incompatible With Secondary Licenses"
-     means
-
-     a. that the initial Contributor has attached the notice described in
-        Exhibit B to the Covered Software; or
-
-     b. that the Covered Software was made available under the terms of
-        version 1.1 or earlier of the License, but not also under the terms of
-        a Secondary License.
-
-1.6. "Executable Form"
-
-     means any form of the work other than Source Code Form.
-
-1.7. "Larger Work"
-
-     means a work that combines Covered Software with other material, in a
-     separate file or files, that is not Covered Software.
-
-1.8. "License"
-
-     means this document.
-
-1.9. "Licensable"
-
-     means having the right to grant, to the maximum extent possible, whether
-     at the time of the initial grant or subsequently, any and all of the
-     rights conveyed by this License.
-
-1.10. "Modifications"
-
-     means any of the following:
-
-     a. any file in Source Code Form that results from an addition to,
-        deletion from, or modification of the contents of Covered Software; or
-
-     b. any new file in Source Code Form that contains any Covered Software.
-
-1.11. "Patent Claims" of a Contributor
-
-      means any patent claim(s), including without limitation, method,
-      process, and apparatus claims, in any patent Licensable by such
-      Contributor that would be infringed, but for the grant of the License,
-      by the making, using, selling, offering for sale, having made, import,
-      or transfer of either its Contributions or its Contributor Version.
-
-1.12. "Secondary License"
-
-      means either the GNU General Public License, Version 2.0, the GNU Lesser
-      General Public License, Version 2.1, the GNU Affero General Public
-      License, Version 3.0, or any later versions of those licenses.
-
-1.13. "Source Code Form"
-
-      means the form of the work preferred for making modifications.
-
-1.14. "You" (or "Your")
-
-      means an individual or a legal entity exercising rights under this
-      License. For legal entities, "You" includes any entity that controls, is
-      controlled by, or is under common control with You. For purposes of this
-      definition, "control" means (a) the power, direct or indirect, to cause
-      the direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or
-      otherwise, or (b) ownership of more than fifty percent (50%) of the
-      outstanding shares or beneficial ownership of such entity.
-
-
-2. License Grants and Conditions
-
-2.1. Grants
-
-     Each Contributor hereby grants You a world-wide, royalty-free,
-     non-exclusive license:
-
-     a. under intellectual property rights (other than patent or trademark)
-        Licensable by such Contributor to use, reproduce, make available,
-        modify, display, perform, distribute, and otherwise exploit its
-        Contributions, either on an unmodified basis, with Modifications, or
-        as part of a Larger Work; and
-
-     b. under Patent Claims of such Contributor to make, use, sell, offer for
-        sale, have made, import, and otherwise transfer either its
-        Contributions or its Contributor Version.
-
-2.2. Effective Date
-
-     The licenses granted in Section 2.1 with respect to any Contribution
-     become effective for each Contribution on the date the Contributor first
-     distributes such Contribution.
-
-2.3. Limitations on Grant Scope
-
-     The licenses granted in this Section 2 are the only rights granted under
-     this License. No additional rights or licenses will be implied from the
-     distribution or licensing of Covered Software under this License.
-     Notwithstanding Section 2.1(b) above, no patent license is granted by a
-     Contributor:
-
-     a. for any code that a Contributor has removed from Covered Software; or
-
-     b. for infringements caused by: (i) Your and any other third party's
-        modifications of Covered Software, or (ii) the combination of its
-        Contributions with other software (except as part of its Contributor
-        Version); or
-
-     c. under Patent Claims infringed by Covered Software in the absence of
-        its Contributions.
-
-     This License does not grant any rights in the trademarks, service marks,
-     or logos of any Contributor (except as may be necessary to comply with
-     the notice requirements in Section 3.4).
-
-2.4. Subsequent Licenses
-
-     No Contributor makes additional grants as a result of Your choice to
-     distribute the Covered Software under a subsequent version of this
-     License (see Section 10.2) or under the terms of a Secondary License (if
-     permitted under the terms of Section 3.3).
-
-2.5. Representation
-
-     Each Contributor represents that the Contributor believes its
-     Contributions are its original creation(s) or it has sufficient rights to
-     grant the rights to its Contributions conveyed by this License.
-
-2.6. Fair Use
-
-     This License is not intended to limit any rights You have under
-     applicable copyright doctrines of fair use, fair dealing, or other
-     equivalents.
-
-2.7. Conditions
-
-     Sections 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, and 3.4 are conditions of the licenses granted in
-     Section 2.1.
-
-
-3. Responsibilities
-
-3.1. Distribution of Source Form
-
-     All distribution of Covered Software in Source Code Form, including any
-     Modifications that You create or to which You contribute, must be under
-     the terms of this License. You must inform recipients that the Source
-     Code Form of the Covered Software is governed by the terms of this
-     License, and how they can obtain a copy of this License. You may not
-     attempt to alter or restrict the recipients' rights in the Source Code
-     Form.
-
-3.2. Distribution of Executable Form
-
-     If You distribute Covered Software in Executable Form then:
-
-     a. such Covered Software must also be made available in Source Code Form,
-        as described in Section 3.1, and You must inform recipients of the
-        Executable Form how they can obtain a copy of such Source Code Form by
-        reasonable means in a timely manner, at a charge no more than the cost
-        of distribution to the recipient; and
-
-     b. You may distribute such Executable Form under the terms of this
-        License, or sublicense it under different terms, provided that the
-        license for the Executable Form does not attempt to limit or alter the
-        recipients' rights in the Source Code Form under this License.
-
-3.3. Distribution of a Larger Work
-
-     You may create and distribute a Larger Work under terms of Your choice,
-     provided that You also comply with the requirements of this License for
-     the Covered Software. If the Larger Work is a combination of Covered
-     Software with a work governed by one or more Secondary Licenses, and the
-     Covered Software is not Incompatible With Secondary Licenses, this
-     License permits You to additionally distribute such Covered Software
-     under the terms of such Secondary License(s), so that the recipient of
-     the Larger Work may, at their option, further distribute the Covered
-     Software under the terms of either this License or such Secondary
-     License(s).
-
-3.4. Notices
-
-     You may not remove or alter the substance of any license notices
-     (including copyright notices, patent notices, disclaimers of warranty, or
-     limitations of liability) contained within the Source Code Form of the
-     Covered Software, except that You may alter any license notices to the
-     extent required to remedy known factual inaccuracies.
-
-3.5. Application of Additional Terms
-
-     You may choose to offer, and to charge a fee for, warranty, support,
-     indemnity or liability obligations to one or more recipients of Covered
-     Software. However, You may do so only on Your own behalf, and not on
-     behalf of any Contributor. You must make it absolutely clear that any
-     such warranty, support, indemnity, or liability obligation is offered by
-     You alone, and You hereby agree to indemnify every Contributor for any
-     liability incurred by such Contributor as a result of warranty, support,
-     indemnity or liability terms You offer. You may include additional
-     disclaimers of warranty and limitations of liability specific to any
-     jurisdiction.
-
-4. Inability to Comply Due to Statute or Regulation
-
-   If it is impossible for You to comply with any of the terms of this License
-   with respect to some or all of the Covered Software due to statute,
-   judicial order, or regulation then You must: (a) comply with the terms of
-   this License to the maximum extent possible; and (b) describe the
-   limitations and the code they affect. Such description must be placed in a
-   text file included with all distributions of the Covered Software under
-   this License. Except to the extent prohibited by statute or regulation,
-   such description must be sufficiently detailed for a recipient of ordinary
-   skill to be able to understand it.
-
-5. Termination
-
-5.1. The rights granted under this License will terminate automatically if You
-     fail to comply with any of its terms. However, if You become compliant,
-     then the rights granted under this License from a particular Contributor
-     are reinstated (a) provisionally, unless and until such Contributor
-     explicitly and finally terminates Your grants, and (b) on an ongoing
-     basis, if such Contributor fails to notify You of the non-compliance by
-     some reasonable means prior to 60 days after You have come back into
-     compliance. Moreover, Your grants from a particular Contributor are
-     reinstated on an ongoing basis if such Contributor notifies You of the
-     non-compliance by some reasonable means, this is the first time You have
-     received notice of non-compliance with this License from such
-     Contributor, and You become compliant prior to 30 days after Your receipt
-     of the notice.
-
-5.2. If You initiate litigation against any entity by asserting a patent
-     infringement claim (excluding declaratory judgment actions,
-     counter-claims, and cross-claims) alleging that a Contributor Version
-     directly or indirectly infringes any patent, then the rights granted to
-     You by any and all Contributors for the Covered Software under Section
-     2.1 of this License shall terminate.
-
-5.3. In the event of termination under Sections 5.1 or 5.2 above, all end user
-     license agreements (excluding distributors and resellers) which have been
-     validly granted by You or Your distributors under this License prior to
-     termination shall survive termination.
-
-6. Disclaimer of Warranty
-
-   Covered Software is provided under this License on an "as is" basis,
-   without warranty of any kind, either expressed, implied, or statutory,
-   including, without limitation, warranties that the Covered Software is free
-   of defects, merchantable, fit for a particular purpose or non-infringing.
-   The entire risk as to the quality and performance of the Covered Software
-   is with You. Should any Covered Software prove defective in any respect,
-   You (not any Contributor) assume the cost of any necessary servicing,
-   repair, or correction. This disclaimer of warranty constitutes an essential
-   part of this License. No use of  any Covered Software is authorized under
-   this License except under this disclaimer.
-
-7. Limitation of Liability
-
-   Under no circumstances and under no legal theory, whether tort (including
-   negligence), contract, or otherwise, shall any Contributor, or anyone who
-   distributes Covered Software as permitted above, be liable to You for any
-   direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages of any
-   character including, without limitation, damages for lost profits, loss of
-   goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all
-   other commercial damages or losses, even if such party shall have been
-   informed of the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability
-   shall not apply to liability for death or personal injury resulting from
-   such party's negligence to the extent applicable law prohibits such
-   limitation. Some jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of
-   incidental or consequential damages, so this exclusion and limitation may
-   not apply to You.
-
-8. Litigation
-
-   Any litigation relating to this License may be brought only in the courts
-   of a jurisdiction where the defendant maintains its principal place of
-   business and such litigation shall be governed by laws of that
-   jurisdiction, without reference to its conflict-of-law provisions. Nothing
-   in this Section shall prevent a party's ability to bring cross-claims or
-   counter-claims.
-
-9. Miscellaneous
-
-   This License represents the complete agreement concerning the subject
-   matter hereof. If any provision of this License is held to be
-   unenforceable, such provision shall be reformed only to the extent
-   necessary to make it enforceable. Any law or regulation which provides that
-   the language of a contract shall be construed against the drafter shall not
-   be used to construe this License against a Contributor.
-
-
-10. Versions of the License
-
-10.1. New Versions
-
-      Mozilla Foundation is the license steward. Except as provided in Section
-      10.3, no one other than the license steward has the right to modify or
-      publish new versions of this License. Each version will be given a
-      distinguishing version number.
-
-10.2. Effect of New Versions
-
-      You may distribute the Covered Software under the terms of the version
-      of the License under which You originally received the Covered Software,
-      or under the terms of any subsequent version published by the license
-      steward.
-
-10.3. Modified Versions
-
-      If you create software not governed by this License, and you want to
-      create a new license for such software, you may create and use a
-      modified version of this License if you rename the license and remove
-      any references to the name of the license steward (except to note that
-      such modified license differs from this License).
-
-10.4. Distributing Source Code Form that is Incompatible With Secondary
-      Licenses If You choose to distribute Source Code Form that is
-      Incompatible With Secondary Licenses under the terms of this version of
-      the License, the notice described in Exhibit B of this License must be
-      attached.
-
-Exhibit A - Source Code Form License Notice
-
-      This Source Code Form is subject to the
-      terms of the Mozilla Public License, v.
-      2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not
-      distributed with this file, You can
-      obtain one at
-      http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
-
-If it is not possible or desirable to put the notice in a particular file,
-then You may include the notice in a location (such as a LICENSE file in a
-relevant directory) where a recipient would be likely to look for such a
-notice.
-
-You may add additional accurate notices of copyright ownership.
-
-Exhibit B - "Incompatible With Secondary Licenses" Notice
-
-      This Source Code Form is "Incompatible
-      With Secondary Licenses", as defined by
-      the Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0.
-