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237 lines
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Markdown
237 lines
8.5 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "Wasmcloud Progress: Hello, World!"
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date: 2019-12-08
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series: olin
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tags:
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- wasm
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- faas
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---
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# Wasmcloud Progress: Hello, World!
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I have been working off and on over the years and have finally created the base
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of a functions as a service backend for [WebAssembly][wasm] code. I'm code-naming this
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wasmcloud. [Wasmcloud][wasmcloud] is a pre-alpha prototype and is currently very much work in
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progress. However, it's far enough along that I would like to explain what I
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have been doing for the last few years and what it's all built up to.
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Here is a high level view of all of the parts that make up wasmcloud and how
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they correlate:
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## Land: The Beginning
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A little bit after I found WebAssembly I started to play with it. It seemed like
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it was too good to be true. A completely free and open source VM format that
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would run on almost any platform? Sounds like the kind of black magick
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witchcraft you hear about on Star Trek.
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However, I kept at it and continued experimenting. I eventually came up with
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[Land][land]. This was a very simple thing and was really used to help me invent
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Dagger.
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Dagger was an attempt at an incredible amount of minimalism. I based it on an
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extreme interpretation of the Unix philosophy (everything is a file ->
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everything is a bytestream) combined with some Plan 9 for flavor. It had only 5
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system calls:
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- `open()` - opens a stream by URL, returning a stream descriptor
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- `close()` - closes a stream descriptor
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- `read()` - reads from a stream
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- `write()` - writes to a stream
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- `flush()` - flushes intermediate data and turns async behavior into syncronous
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behavior
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And yet this was enough to implement a HTTP client.
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The core guiding idea was that a cloud-native OS API should expose internet
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resources as easily as it exposes native resources. It should be as easy to use
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WebSockets as it is to use normal sockets. Additionally, all of the details
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should be abstracted away from the WebAssembly module. DNS resolution is not its
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job. TLS configuration is not its job. Its job is to run your code. Everything
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else should just be provided by the system.
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I wrote a
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[blogpost](https://christine.website/blog/land-1-syscalls-file-io-2018-06-18)
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about this work and even did a
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[talk at GoCon
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Canada](https://christine.website/talks/webassembly-on-the-server-system-calls-2019-05-31)
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about it.
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And this worked for several months as I learned WebAssembly and started to
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experiment with bigger and better things.
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## Olin: Phase 2
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Land taught me a lot. I started to quickly run into the limits of Dagger though.
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I ended up needing calls like non-cryptographic entropy, environment variables,
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command-line arguments and getting the current time. After doing some research
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(and trying/failing to implement my own such API based on [newlib][newlib]) I
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found a library and specification called [CommonWA][cwa]. This claimed to offer
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a lot of what I was looking for. Namely URLs as filenames and all of the host
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interop support I could hope for. I named this platform Olin, or the One
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Language Intelligent Network.
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However the specification was somewhat dead. The author of it had largely moved
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on to more ferrous pastures and I became one of the few users of it. I ended up
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[forking the specification][olincwa] and implementing my view of what it should
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be.
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I ended up implementing a [Rust implementation][olincwarust] of the guest ->
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host API for the Webassembly side of things. I forked some of the existing Rust
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code for this and gradually started adding more and more things. The [test
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harness][olincwatest] is the biggest wasm program I've written for a while.
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Seriously, there's a lot going on there. It tests every single function exposed
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in the CWA spec as well as all of the schemes I had implemented.
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Over time I ended up testing Olin in more and more places and on more and more
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hardware. As a side effect of all of this being pure go, it was very easy to
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cross compile for PowerPC, 32 bit arm (including a $9 arm board that lives under
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my desk) and even other targets that gccgo supports. I even ended up porting
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[part of TempleOS to Olin][olintempleos] as a proof of concept, but have more
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plans in the future for porting other parts of its kernel as a way to help
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people understand low-level operating system development.
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I've even written a few blogposts about Olin:
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- [Olin: Why](https://christine.website/blog/olin-1-why-09-1-2018)
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- [Olin: The Future](https://christine.website/blog/olin-2-the-future-09-5-2018)
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But, this was great for running stuff interactively and via the command line. It
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left me wanting more. I wanted to have that mythical functions as a service
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backend that I've been dreaming of. So, I created [wasmcloud][wasmcloud].
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## h
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As an interlude, I also created the [h programming language][hlang] during this
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time as a satirical parody of [V][vlang]. This ended up helping me test a lot of
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the core functionality that I had built up with Olin. Here's an example of a
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program in h:
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```
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h
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```
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And this compiles to:
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```
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(module
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(import "h" "h" (func $h (param i32)))
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(func $h_main
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(local i32 i32 i32)
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(local.set 0 (i32.const 10))
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(local.set 1 (i32.const 104))
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(local.set 2 (i32.const 39))
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(call $h (get_local 1))
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(call $h (get_local 0))
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)
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(export "h" (func $h_main))
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)
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```
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This ends up printing:
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```
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h
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```
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I think this is the smallest (if not one of the smallest) quine generator in the
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world. I even got this program running on bare metal:
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<center></center>
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[hlang]: https://h.christine.website
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[vlang]: https://vlang.io
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## Wasmcloud
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[Wasmcloud][wasmcloud] is the culmination of all of this work. The goal of
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wasmcloud is to create a functions as a service backend for running people's
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code in an isolated server-side environment.
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Users can use the `wasmcloud` command line tool to do everything at the moment:
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```
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$ wasmcloud
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Usage: wasmcloud <flags> <subcommand> <subcommand args>
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Subcommands:
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commands list all command names
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flags describe all known top-level flags
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help describe subcommands and their syntax
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Subcommands for api:
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login logs into wasmcloud
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whoami show information about currently logged in user
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Subcommands for handlers:
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create create a new handler
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logs shows logs for a handler
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Subcommands for utils:
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namegen show information about currently logged in user
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run run a webassembly file with the same environment as production servers
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Top-level flags (use "wasmcloud flags" for a full list):
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-api-server=http://wasmcloud.kahless.cetacean.club:3002: default API server
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-config=/home/cadey/.wasmc.json: default config location
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```
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This tool lets you do a few basic things:
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- Authenticate with the wasmcloud server
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- Create handlers from WebAssembly files that meet the CommonWA API as realized
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by Olin
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- Get logs for individual handler invocations
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- Run WebAssembly modules locally like they would get run on wasmcloud
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Nearly all of the complexity is abstracted away from users as much as possible.
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## Future Steps
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In the future I hope to do the following things:
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- Support updating handlers to new versions of the code
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- Support live-streaming of logs
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- Support handler deletion
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- Support bulk queue export
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- Support [wasi](https://wasi.dev) for easier interoperability
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- Support more resource types such as websockets
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- Investigate porting the wasmcloud executor to Rust
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- Documentation/a book on how to use wasmcloud
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- Create an easier way to create accounts that can make handlers
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- Deploy to production somewhere
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## GReeTZ
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Every single one of these people was immesurably helpful in this research over
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the years.
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- A. Wilcox
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- acln
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- as
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- bb010g
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- [dalias](https://twitter.com/RichFelker)
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- [jaddr2line](https://twitter.com/jaddr2line)
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- [neelance](https://github.com/neelance)
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And many more I can't remember because it's been so many.
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---
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If you want to support my work, please do so via
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[Patreon](https://patreon.com/cadey). It really means a lot to me and helps to
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keep the dream alive!
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[wasm]: https://webassembly.org
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[land]: http://tulpa.dev/cadey/land
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[newlib]: https://wiki.osdev.org/Porting_Newlib
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[cwa]: https://github.com/CommonWA
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[olincwa]: https://github.com/Xe/olin/tree/master/docs/cwa-spec
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[olincwarust]: https://github.com/Xe/olin/tree/master/cwa/olin
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[olincwatest]: https://github.com/Xe/olin/blob/master/cwa/tests/src/main.rs
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[olintempleos]: https://christine.website/blog/templeos-2-god-the-rng-2019-05-30
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[wasmcloud]: https://tulpa.dev/within/wasmcloud
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